2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)單元訓(xùn)練：6.4《Globalawarming》（新人教版含解析）
?、?完形填空(建議用時(shí)17′)
[2024·西安高新一中模擬]Imagine waking up in a hospital bed. And the entire left side of your body isn't movable. This was the __1__ I found myself in after my car crash. I __2__ so severely for my head and neck were twisted (扭曲) to one side and stuck in that disturbing __3__.
The prognosis (預(yù)斷) for my __4__ was not good. The doctor told my family, “I __5__ to say this, but he'll be lucky to survive the next 48 hours.”
__6__ as my family was at the news, the one thing that had been holding them together was the __7__ that with the proper medical treatment, I could recover. The doctor's prognosis hit them like a hammer, __8__ any hope. The __9__ that I might die touched each of them deeply.
For the next two days, my parents kept waiting outside my room. They could __10__ eat or sleep. The doctor's prognosis __11__ heavily on their hearts. Yet with each passing hour they became slightly more hopeful that my chances of __12__ were a little bit better.
With the __13__ 48 hours passing, although I was once __14__ to the limit of my life, I __15__ to quit my life, so they felt somewhat __16__. Maybe the doctor had made a(n) __17__. After all, doctors aren't necessarily right. Bit by bit, hope began to return to them. __18__， they still had no idea what the future held for me.
My survival surprised everyone. It would not have been __19__ if not for my determination not to quit my life. __20__ will always happen around you as long as you don't give up.
這是一篇記敘文。作者在一次車禍中險(xiǎn)些喪生，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為作者只能活48個(gè)小時(shí)，作者卻讓周圍的人看到了奇跡，作者把這歸功于他的堅(jiān)定意志。并且告訴大家只要我們不放棄，奇跡在任何時(shí)候都會(huì)出現(xiàn)。
1．A.despair
B．situation
C．place
D．pain
答案：B 上文提到作者醒來在醫(yī)院躺著，并且一半身體不能移動(dòng)，這是作者出車禍后發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的一種處境(situation)。
2．A.choked
B．trembled
C．enjoyed
D．suffered
答案：D 根據(jù)上文的描述可知，作者遭受(suffered)了巨大的痛苦。
3．A.position
B．a(chǎn)ction
C．behavior
D．height
答案：A 由上文作者的頭和脖子被扭到了一邊可知，這里是指處于一種令人不安的姿勢(shì)(position)。
4．A.spirit
B．disability
C．recovery
D．treatment
答案：C 由下文提及的作者只能幸運(yùn)地活48小時(shí)可知，醫(yī)生對(duì)作者康復(fù)(recovery)的預(yù)斷是不樂觀的。
5．A.regret
B．decide
C．tend
D．wish
答案：A 下文是提及不好的事情，所以這里是遺憾(regret)地去說這件事情。
6．A.Impatient
B．Angry
C．Confused
D．Upset
答案：D 盡管家人聽到這個(gè)消息是傷心的(upset)，但是他們還是抱有一絲希望。
7．A.desire
B．intention
C．hope
D．lie
答案：C 通過恰當(dāng)?shù)尼t(yī)治，作者可能會(huì)康復(fù)是家人對(duì)作者的一絲希望(hope)。
8．A.offering
B．destroying
C．raising
D．a(chǎn)bandoning
答案：B 醫(yī)生的預(yù)斷就像錘子一樣擊打著我的家人，摧毀(destroy)了他們的希望。
9．A.exception
B．choice
C．fact
D．a(chǎn)cceptance
答案：C 由上文可知，我可能會(huì)因車禍喪生的事實(shí)(fact)深深地觸動(dòng)了家中的每個(gè)人。
10．A.barely
B．gradually
C．hopelessly
D．slightly
答案：A 接下來的兩天，父母一直等在門外，很少(barely)吃飯和睡覺。
11．A.reacted
B．weighed
C．froze
D．expanded
答案：B 醫(yī)生對(duì)作者病情的預(yù)斷讓作者的家人感到心碎。
12．A.promotion
B．escape
C．improvement
D．survival
答案：D 根據(jù)下文提到的作者活了下來可知，這里是家人對(duì)作者的存活(survival)抱有希望。
13．A.convincing
B．disappointing
C．exciting
D．frightening
答案：D 醫(yī)生估計(jì)作者只能活48小時(shí)，所以這48小時(shí)是令人害怕的(frightening)。
14．A.directed
B．pushed
C．ordered
D．guided
答案：B 根據(jù)上文描述的作者病情很嚴(yán)重可知，雖然作者被推(pushed)到了生命的邊緣，但是作者拒絕放棄生命。
15．A.refused
B．pretended
C．struggled
D．a(chǎn)ttempted
答案：A 作者意志堅(jiān)定，拒絕(refused)放棄生命。
16．A.confident
B．satisfied
C．relieved
D．stressful
答案：C 作者度過了48小時(shí)，家人看到了希望，所以感到寬慰(relieved)。
17．A.joke
B．guess
C．a(chǎn)pology
D．mistake
答案：D 由上文醫(yī)生說作者只能活48小時(shí)可知，醫(yī)生犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤(mistake)?？蘸蟮腁fter all, doctors aren't necessarily right也有提示。
18．A.However
B．Therefore
C．Instead
D．Besides
答案：A 雖然看到了希望，但他們不知道我的未來會(huì)怎么樣，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用但是(however)。
19．A.alarming
B．possible
C．reasonable
D．pessimistic
答案：B 如果不是作者頑強(qiáng)地不放棄生命，作者的存活是不可能(not possible)的(前文提到：醫(yī)生也曾預(yù)測(cè)作者只能活48小時(shí))。
20．A.Accidents
B．Coincidences
C．Miracles
D．Successes
答案：C 只要不放棄，奇跡(miracles)就會(huì)發(fā)生在我們身上。一個(gè)醫(yī)生預(yù)測(cè)只能活48小時(shí)的車禍傷員，竟憑著頑強(qiáng)的意志活了下來，堪稱奇跡。
?、?閱讀理解(建議用時(shí)16′)
A
[2024·育才高三聯(lián)考]Winter begins in the north on December 22nd. People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the cold months. Squirrels, for example, have been busy gathering nuts from trees. Well, scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect.
They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana. The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut trees. The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels. The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests.
Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico. The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels. Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way. Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places. But they seldom remember where they buried every nut. So some nuts remain in the ground. Conditions are right for them to develop and grow in the following spring. Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground. Professor Swihart calls “death_traps_for_seeds”．
Gray squirrels are native to Indiana. But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture. Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century.
The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year, unlike walnut trees. They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade Indiana. Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause.
本文為科普文，分析的是兩種不同類型的松鼠為過冬儲(chǔ)備食物的種類不同的原因，以及松鼠對(duì)這些植物的影響。
1．The study done by Rob Swihart and Jake Goheen is to ________.
A．find out the living conditions for squirrels
B．do something to get rid of squirrels
C．learn squirrels' influence on black walnut trees
D．save the forests in the American state of Indiana
答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut trees.”可知。
2．The difference between gray squirrels and red squirrels mainly lies in ________.
A．the way they gather the walnut
B．the place they store the walnuts
C．the number of the nuts they can collect
D．the fact that the gray squirrels have a bad memory
答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way.”可知。
3．When Professor Swihart says “death traps for seeds”， he actually means that ________.
A．nuts above the ground will not develop into plants
B．red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels
C．gray squirrels and red squirrels will have severe fights
D．seeds can be traps for other animals in the forest
答案：A 句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground.”可知答案。
4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Gray squirrels do more harm to the forest than red squirrels.
B．Red squirrels and gray squirrels have helped the spread of walnut trees.
C．The cleaning of forest land benefits gray squirrels directly.
D．Human beings should bear some responsibility for the decreasing number of gray squirrels.
答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。利用排除法，根據(jù)第四段“...as more forests were cut for agriculture.”可知D項(xiàng)正確，A項(xiàng)未比較過；B項(xiàng)應(yīng)是Gray squirrels有助于walnut tree的傳播；C項(xiàng)“directly”描述錯(cuò)誤。
1．gather vt. 收集；集合
2.affect vt. 影響
3．central adj. 中心的；中央的
4．decrease n．/vt. 減少；降低
5．invade vt. 侵略
1．a(chǎn) number of 許多的；大量的
2．be native to 源于……；原產(chǎn)于……
原文：But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture.(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)
譯文：但是Swihart教授說隨著更多的森林為了農(nóng)耕被砍伐，它們(松鼠)的數(shù)量開始下降。
仿寫：The book explains how animals and plants develop as_the_environment_changes.
這本書解釋了隨著環(huán)境的變化，動(dòng)植物是如何進(jìn)化的。
B
[2024·河南重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考]A paralysed man has walked again thanks to an electronic device—a special brain cap, which connected his brain signals to electrodes attached to his legs. The 26-year-old man was able to control his legs and cover almost four metres using his own muscle power. This is believed to be the first time that anyone has used their own muscles, controlled on their own.
The man, who has not been named, lost the power of both legs after his spinal cord was completely severed in a motorcycle accident five years ago. His brain was still able to generate the thoughts needed to move his legs and his muscles were healthy, but the damage to his spine stopped the brain's signals from reaching his muscles. To get_round this, the man wore a cap connected with electrodes that captured his brain activity. This information was sent wirelessly to a computer and decoded before being transmitted to electrodes around his knees. These stimulated his muscles, allowing him to swing his legs.
He needed walking frame and his pace was unnatural, but he felt confident enough while walking to chat to the US researchers who developed the technology. The man had months of training to re-learn to walk, including brain training, which involved playing a video game while wearing the cap and just by thinking about moving them to control the movements of a character on screen.
This fired up the necessary part of his brain to move his legs and made him formulate the sort of thoughts he would need to control his own movements.
Paralysed people have been made to walk in the past, but this is the first time the patient has used their own legs rather than an exoskeleton—a battery-powered framework around the limbs.
British experts welcomed the breakthrough but said the work was still at a very early stage. Researcher Dr Zoran Nenadic said the new device proved promising, but they say many years of work remains.
本文是一篇科技報(bào)道。一種新型的設(shè)備為癱瘓或不能移動(dòng)身體某部位的人們帶來了福音，但是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還需要一個(gè)較為漫長(zhǎng)的過程才能最終得以運(yùn)用。
5．What does this kind of brain cap help a paralysed man to do?
A．Recover from the injury.
B．Build up his muscles.
C．Gain the ability to walk.
D．Get the skill to think.
答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“A paralysed man has walked again thanks to an electronic device—a special brain cap”可知，這種帽子有助于癱瘓的殘疾人獲得控制自己行走的能力。
6．What does the underlined phrase “get round” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Remove.
B．Overcome.
C．Gain.
D．Achieve.
答案：B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段畫線詞的前面“...but the damage to his spine stopped the brain's signals from reaching his muscles.”可知，受傷部位阻止了大腦信號(hào)的正常傳輸，下文闡述為了克服這種障礙，癱瘓患者戴上了這種特殊的帽子，目的是為了獲得大腦的指令。
7．How did the paralysed man control the character's movements on screen?
A．By using his own thought.
B．By obeying the orders of computers.
C．By imitating the human's movements.
D．By moving their muscles.
答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The man had months of training to re-learn to walk, including brain training, which involved playing a video game while wearing the cap and just by thinking about moving them to control the movements of a character on screen.”可知，癱瘓患者運(yùn)用意念去控制電腦屏幕上人物的活動(dòng)，因此本題答案為A項(xiàng)。
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The new device has been used widely.
B．It's a long way to put the new device to use.
C．Experts are doubtful about the new device.
D．The idea of the new device is unrealistic.
答案：B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，專家們認(rèn)為該技術(shù)正處于初級(jí)階段，實(shí)驗(yàn)證明這很有希望，但還要研究很多年。因此本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
1．a(chǎn)ttach vt. 依附于；系上；貼上
2．capture vt. 捕抓；奪得
3．stimulate vt. 刺激
4．confident adj. 有信心的；自信的
5．breakthrough n. 突破
