2024年高考英語(yǔ)精品課堂基礎(chǔ)版之重點(diǎn)講解：專題05《first aid》（新人教版必修5原卷版）

　　高二英語(yǔ)同步精品

　　必修　Unit【歸納】’s aid幫某人的忙

　　in aid of 為了幫助

　　with the aid of 在…的幫助下

　　aid sb in (doing) sth幫助某人（做）某事

　　aid sb with sth在某方面幫助某人

　　aid sb to do sth幫助某人做某事

　　【例句研讀】

　　(1)I’m collecting money in aid of starving children.

　　____________ 饑餓的孩子們，我正在募捐。

　　(2)With the aid of our teachers, we learned how to perform first aid.

　　____________ ，我們學(xué)會(huì)了如何進(jìn)行急救。

　　(3)They were accused of aiding him in his escape.

　　他們被控告 ____________ 。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　When someone is hurt, __________（急救）should be immediately offered.

　　________________（借助于計(jì)算機(jī)）,he worked out the problem.

　　考點(diǎn)2．【教材原句】Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives. 經(jīng)常這種病或傷勢(shì)并不嚴(yán)重，但是在其他一些情形下迅速給予急救可能會(huì)挽救生命。

　　injury n.損傷，傷害

　　【例句研讀】

　　The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.

　　那位汽車司機(jī)的雙腿和雙臂 ____________ 。

　　Don’t do that. You ‘ll do yourself an injury.

　　別那樣做。你會(huì) ____________ 。

　　【歸納】

　　’s nothing serious.

　　harm

　　B.injury

　　C.ruin

　　D.damage

　　考點(diǎn)3．【教材原句】You can get burned by a variety of things:hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun , electricity or chemicals. 你可能會(huì)被許多東西燒傷：灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射（由于靠近高溫或大火等）、太陽(yáng)、電或化學(xué)物品。

　　variety n. 變化；多樣（化）；多變（性）

　　【歸納】…to…由…到…不等；在…到…之間變動(dòng)

　　vary with…隨著…而變動(dòng)

　　【例句研讀】

　　There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.

　　有 ____________ 圖案可供選擇。

　　All varieties of goods for daily use are available.

　　日用百貨 ____________ 。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　Our company provides us with ___________ activities.

　　Our customs _____________ place _______ place.

　　He resigned for a(n) _______ of reasons.

　　various

　　B.different

　　C.variety

　　D.amount

　　考點(diǎn)4．【教材原句】John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands. 約翰就用這些東西把施耐德女士手上最嚴(yán)重的傷口包扎起來(lái)。

　　treat vt. & n.

　　【歸納】…like/ as像…對(duì)待…

　　【例句研讀】

　　(He treated his wife badly.

　　他 _________ 他的妻子。

　　(Margot was never treated with much respect.

　　瑪格從未 ____________。

　　(Don’t treat this serious matter as/like a joke.

　　不要把這件嚴(yán)肅的事情 ________ 笑料。

　　vt.治療

　　treat sb for治療某人的某種疾病

　　treat sb with用…治療某人

　　【例句研讀】

　　(Which doctor is treating you for your burns?

　　哪個(gè)大夫 ____________________？

　　(The doctor tried to treat his disease with music.

　　醫(yī)生 ____________________。

　　vt.款待；n.款待；招待

　　treat sb/oneself to用…招待/款待某人/自己

　　my treat我來(lái)付錢，我請(qǐng)客（口語(yǔ)）

　　【例句研讀】

　　(We’ll treat you to baked sweet potatoes.

　　我們會(huì)______________。

　　(I treat myself to a new dress.

　　我______________，買了一條新連衣裙。

　　(Steven took his son to a football match as a birthday treat.

　　史蒂文帶兒子看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽，______________。

　　④Let’s go out to lunch——(it’s) my treat.

　　我們出去吃午飯吧?！猒_____________

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　?。?011四川高考）All visitors to this village ______ with kindness.

　　treat

　　B.are treated

　　C.are treating

　　D.had been treated

　　(2)Hundreds waited at the hospital, where doctors were forced to ______ the injured in the open air because only one operating room is functioning.

　　treat

　　B.cure

　　C.deal

　　D.trade

　　考點(diǎn)5．【教材原句】He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. 他用力按住傷口，是血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救護(hù)車的到來(lái)。

　　apply

　　vt./vi.申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；涂，敷，搽；

　　【歸納】 n. application 申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用；applicant 申請(qǐng)人

　　apply (to…) for：(向…)申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)聘

　　apply oneself to (prep.)：致力于；專注于，集中精力做

　　apply…to…：把…施于，把…應(yīng)用于

　　apply to適用于；關(guān)系到；牽涉到；向…申請(qǐng)

　　【例句研讀】

　　To apply for a job, you must fill out a form.

　　_________ 工作要填表格。

　　(2)He has applied to the company for the position of the manager.

　　他已 ______ 那家公司提出 ______ 經(jīng)理職務(wù)的 ________。

　　In spite of much noise, he still applied himself to reading.

　　盡管有很多噪音，他仍然 __________ 讀書(shū)。

　　(4)The new technology has been applied to farming.

　　這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)已 __________ 農(nóng)業(yè)了。

　　The nurse applied some medicine to the wound.

　　護(hù)士把一些藥 ________ 傷口上。

　　(6)The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.

　　安全駕駛的規(guī)則 _________ 每個(gè)人。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　(1)The position,_______ you are applying, however, is not quite a well-paid one.

　　A.that

　　B. which

　　C. for which

　　D. to which

　　二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

　　考點(diǎn)1．take off脫下，拿掉；起飛；離開(kāi)；取消

　　【教材原句】Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.

　　靠近燒傷面的其他衣物和首飾也都要取掉。

　　【例句研讀】

　　However hot it is, he will not take off his coat.

　　無(wú)論多熱，他都不會(huì) ________ 外衣。

　　The plane took off an hour late.

　　飛機(jī) ________ 晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)。

　　The show was taken off because of poor audience figures.

　　該劇因不賣座而 _________。

　　【歸納】

　　(1)A large number of buildings have been set up.

　　________ 樓房被建了起來(lái)。

　　(1)許多

　　【歸納】

　　…；大量的…

　　辨析：a number of與the number of

　　易混詞組 辨析 例句

　　a number of 與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞連用，意為“許多”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) A number of doctors were sent to Sichuan Province.許多醫(yī)生被派去了四川省。

　　the number of 與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞連用，意為“…的數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) The number of men teachers on our school is thirty.我們學(xué)校的男教師的人數(shù)是30。

　　表示“許多”“大量的”的短語(yǔ)：

　　僅用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞的短語(yǔ)有a great/ good/ large number of, a great many, quite a few, many a, many等。（注意：many a + 單數(shù)名詞 + 單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）

　　(Many a student was asked to stay in the classroom after school.

　　許多學(xué)生被要求放學(xué)后留在教室里。

　　僅用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有much, a great deal of, an amount of等。

　　既能修飾可數(shù)名詞又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a quantity of, quantities of, masses of等。（注意：a quantity of與quantities of后既可接可數(shù)名詞，也可接不可數(shù)名詞，它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)依據(jù)quantity的單復(fù)來(lái)定。）

　　(Quantities of paper are wasted every year.

　　每年都有大量的紙被浪費(fèi)掉。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　______ number of workers in our factory is about 3,000 and ______ number of them come from America.

　　The; a

　　B. A; the

　　C. A; a

　　D. The; the

　　考點(diǎn)3．put one’s hands on=get one’s hands on找到

　　【例句研讀】

　　She can’t put her hands on the ring from her boyfriend.

　　她 ________ 男朋友給她的戒指了。

　　(1)找不到

　　Jim finally put his hands on his lost books.

　　吉姆最終 _________ 丟失的書(shū)。

　　(2)找到了

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　(1)——Excuse me, may I use our car?

　　——I’m sorry. I’m afraid I can’t ______ the car key just at the moment.

　　rely on

　　B.concentrate on

　　C.put my hands on

　　D.take on

　　考點(diǎn)4．a(chǎn) knowledge of知道，了解；有…知識(shí)

　　【教材原句】It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 這表明懂得急救知識(shí)的確能發(fā)揮重要的作用。

　　【例句研讀】

　　Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade now.

　　現(xiàn)在很多人都認(rèn)為在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中 ________ 英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)成為一種必要。

　　【歸納】’s knowledge據(jù)某人所知

　　without one's knowledge在某人不知道的情況下

　　get/ obtain knowledge獲得知識(shí)

　　enlarge/ broaden/ widen one’s knowledge擴(kuò)充某人的知識(shí)

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ______ good knowledge of basic word formation.

　　/

　　B.the

　　C.a

　　D.one

　　考點(diǎn)5．make a difference產(chǎn)生重大影響，有影響（作用）；要緊；重要

　　【例句研讀】

　　(1)As teachers, you must believe that you can make a great deal of difference to the lives of your students.

　　身為教師，你們必須堅(jiān)信你們能夠 ____________ 學(xué)生的一生。

　　It makes no difference/ doesn’t make any difference to me whether you come here or not.

　　對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，你來(lái)不來(lái)這兒 ___________。

　　A few kind words at the right time make all the difference.

　　在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候說(shuō)幾句體貼的話效果 ___________。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　(1)A little perseverance _______（很大影響）between success and failure.

　　三、經(jīng)典句型

　　考點(diǎn)1．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

　　【教材原句】So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮膚燒傷了，就可能非常嚴(yán)重。

　　【句法分析】本句中as you can imagine是as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；

　　【歸納】’t be found anywhere.

　　你所描述的這樣的人是找不到的。

　　(It is such a difficult problem as none of us can work out.

　　這是這么難的問(wèn)題，我們沒(méi)人做得出。

　　【注意】當(dāng)先行詞被the same修飾時(shí)，that也可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但意義有所不同：the same…as指同樣或同類的事物；the same…that指同一個(gè)事物。

　　This is the same watch as I lost.

　　這塊表與我丟的那塊一樣。（不是同一塊表）

　　This is the same watch that I lost.

　　這就是我丟的那塊表。（是同一塊表）

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　(1)His plan was such a good one _____ we all agreed to accept it. (SX06)

　　A. so

　　B. and

　　C. that

　　D. as

　　(2)These houses are sold at such a low price _____ people expected. (S2000春）

　　A. as

　　B. that

　　C. so

　　D. like

　　(3)“You can’t judge a book by its cover,”_____. (2024 NⅠ)

　　A. as the saying goes old

　　B. goes as the old saying

　　C. as the old saying goes

　　D. goes as old the saying

　　考點(diǎn)2．并列連詞when

　　【教材原句】John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.

　　約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，突然聽(tīng)到一聲尖叫。

　　【句法分析】該句中when為并列連詞，表示“這時(shí)（突然）”。

　　【歸納】… 正在做某事

　　這時(shí)（突然）…

　　be on the point of doing sth

　　即將做某事

　　be doing sth

　　正在做某事

　　had just done sth

　　剛做完某事

　　【例句研讀】

　　He was about to lock the door when he heard a strange sound.

　　他正要鎖門，這時(shí)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了一個(gè)奇怪的聲音。

　　(2)She was squeezing juice out when she heard a knock at the door.

　　她正在榨果汁，這時(shí)聽(tīng)到有人敲門。

　　(3)He had just arrived home when it rained.

　　他剛回到家就下雨了。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　?。?024陜西高考）Jim _____ a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.

　　watched

　　B.had watched

　　C.was watching

　　D.would be watching

　　考點(diǎn)3．強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　【教材原句】It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. 正是約翰快捷的動(dòng)作和急救知識(shí)挽救了施耐德女士的生命。

　　【句法分析】此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid。

　　【歸納】…這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)。

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was … that/who…

　　被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，用who或that引導(dǎo)皆可，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞的格應(yīng)與原句的格保持一致。

　　【例句研讀】

　　(It was I that/who met him in the street this morning.

　　是我今天早上在街上遇到了他。