09屆中考英語單項突破閱讀8
09屆中考英語單項突破閱讀8
Unit Four
Part One
教學目標:
1.完型填空解題技巧的講解
2.完型填空題解題技巧
中考英語完形填空技巧
完形填空主要是閱讀理解的類型,主要是考查學生對各種語言的綜合運用能力。完形填空又不同于閱讀理解,主要是根據(jù)文章進行判斷。完形填空在形式上又近似于單項選擇,但是答案上又要求與單項填空有很大的差別,有邏輯,還有上下文的連接,單項填空主要是考查語法為主,根據(jù)一個情景判斷語法的正確?？墒峭晷翁羁疹}型很復雜,涉及的詞法、句法、慣用法,還涉及到一些常識。
下面講講解題的方法和技巧。
第一,要通讀全文,掌握大意,這是非常必要的。有些同學因為很著急,想很快地做完,時間也有限,所以有時候不仔細地讀這個題,只是上來看一下詞語搭配,就隨便選擇一個選項,但是殊不知,上下文有連貫的,因此通讀全文掌握大意是做好完形填空很關(guān)鍵的第一步。
完形填空常常以文章和段落的形式出現(xiàn),著眼于對語篇的整體理解,要花一段時間,通讀全文,整體上把握文章的脈絡(luò),把握作者的思維軌跡,獵取最重要的信息。因為閱讀的時間有限,應(yīng)該以意型和句子快速瀏覽全文,要特別注意文章的第一句,因為第一句話通常是全文表達的精髓所在,一般都是上來就點題,作者會在文章一開始開宗明義,向讀者顯示出這段文字的體裁、形式、涉及的內(nèi)容和意圖。 完形填空第一句話通常都是不留空格的完整的句子。
第二,上下要連續(xù),前后要貫通,連詞的使用是各行各句之間提供了緊密的因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列或者條件的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,通過發(fā)現(xiàn)和識別連詞,可以從宏觀的角度把握文章的大意,構(gòu)建全文的內(nèi)在邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),領(lǐng)會作者的思路,完形填空通過保留一定數(shù)量的詞語,使答題的人獲得必要的信息和知識。所以,某些提供答題信息的關(guān)鍵詞會多次反復地出現(xiàn),我們把這樣的關(guān)鍵詞稱為信息詞,所以要好好把握,挑出信息詞。同時憑借自己掌握的語法知識和一般的常識,兼顧人稱、性別、單復數(shù)、語法和時態(tài)等等語法的因素,從語法的結(jié)構(gòu)方面考慮答案。
第三,要仔細推敲,復校全文。填完所有的空格以后,把所有的答案放回短文的空格處,將彌補完整的全文從頭至尾讀一遍,以確保上下文的順暢合理。第三遍的檢查,有些答案局部看來很合理,有些句子覺得語感搭配很順口,但是注意從上下文的語言聯(lián)系來看又充滿了矛盾,這時候應(yīng)該做到局部服從整體,對所選的答案進行及時的修改。填完所有的空格以后,對于短文的含義和結(jié)構(gòu),已經(jīng)有了比較清晰的了解,這時候在校對的過程當中,對于一些難以作出最后抉擇的這種空格往往比較容易選出正確答案,采取一些排除法。我們想,正確的答案、最佳的答案,應(yīng)該是這樣兩個標準,一個是語法正確,有時候語法正確了,邏輯不對,也不是正確答案,語法正確、邏輯合理是屬于正確答案,有些看起來四個選項都行,但是語法和邏輯都合理才是標準答案。
第四,要有比較扎實的語言基本功底,要有比較嚴密的邏輯思維。接近中考了,要進行強化訓練,每天至少要做兩至三篇的強化訓練,要自己計時,因為考試有一定的時間限制,所以現(xiàn)在要計時進行訓練,通過一定的強化訓練,速度和正確率會有一定的提高,因為還是實踐出真知嘛,通過大量的實踐才能悟出答題的方法,把學習過的東西溫故而知新,畢竟我們生活在非英語國家,英語不是我們的母語,到臨近考試,一定要做好這方面的強化訓練,多做肯定會有收效的。
完型填空是一項綜合性很強的題目。在平常練習中,大多數(shù)人都認為完型填空很難應(yīng)付,其實,即使題目再難,答題也是有章可循的。我們不妨試試下面介紹的三遍法:
首先,完型填空的首句一般都是完整的,其目的是給答題者一個整體思路,我們順著這個整體思路進行第一遍的跳讀,也就是不看選項通讀全篇。雖然文章已經(jīng)被挖的支離破碎,我們?nèi)阅艽蟾欧治龀鏊l(fā)生的語言環(huán)境是school,還是supermarket或是farm。知道了這些以后,思維就會變得具體起來。
接下去進行第二遍的諸題攻破,邊看邊選。這遍做起來是最費時間的,因為每選一個空,都要考慮到有關(guān)的語義搭配、固定句式、詞組、時態(tài)等各個方面。比如,如果選項是動詞,那么,考查的可能是時態(tài),動詞過去式、過去分詞的規(guī)則、不規(guī)則變化;如果選項是介詞,考查的可能是固定搭配或詞組;如果選項是連詞,則考的可能是上下文的順承轉(zhuǎn)接等等。.這就要求答題者有較深的基礎(chǔ)知識功底,同時,要能做到上下呼應(yīng),左右連接。
在填完所有的空之后,就進入到了第三遍的糾錯過程。這一步要求我們把所有的選項一一對應(yīng)到相應(yīng)的空中,把它作為一篇完整的閱讀文章來通讀、復查。許多學生經(jīng)常會忽略或意識不到這一步的重要,其實,通過最后一遍的通讀,可以通過語感分析出選項是否與語境相吻合,是否與原文協(xié)調(diào)一致,是否符合應(yīng)有的邏輯關(guān)系。這樣看來,這一遍絕對是重中之重、不可或缺的。
Passage A
Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.
Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn't at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor's words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, I've bought all the food you like, dear!
1. A. no B. some C. much D. enough
2. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard
3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for
4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said No.
5. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot
6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work
7. A. should B. would C. to D. not to
8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach
9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate
10. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing
參考答案:ABACDCDBBC
Passage B
Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling (1)______. He did not know how to find his seat, (2)_____ he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, Could you help me? I can't find my seat. The air hostess showed (3)______ the seat and told him (4)______ and fasten the seat belt. She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan's ears might feel (5)______ strange, but he didn't need to (6)_______ it because many people felt (7)_______ that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk round. He could (8)______ read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would (9)_____ food and drinks. Allan could enjoy the flight and (10)_______ soon.
( )1. A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus
( )2. A. yet B. or C. but D. so
( )3. A. him B. me C. her D. he
( )4. A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D. sit down
( )5. A. a little B. little C. a bit of D. bit
( )6. A. worrying B. be worried C. worry about D. worry
( )7. A. in B. for C. as D. like
( )8. A. neither B. either C. both D. also
( )9. A. hold B. take C. bring D. carry
( )10.A. arrive home B. arrive to home C. get to home D. reach at home
參考答案:BDACACDBCA
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09屆中考英語單項突破閱讀8
Unit Four
Part One
教學目標:
1.完型填空解題技巧的講解
2.完型填空題解題技巧
中考英語完形填空技巧
完形填空主要是閱讀理解的類型,主要是考查學生對各種語言的綜合運用能力。完形填空又不同于閱讀理解,主要是根據(jù)文章進行判斷。完形填空在形式上又近似于單項選擇,但是答案上又要求與單項填空有很大的差別,有邏輯,還有上下文的連接,單項填空主要是考查語法為主,根據(jù)一個情景判斷語法的正確。可是完形填空題型很復雜,涉及的詞法、句法、慣用法,還涉及到一些常識。
下面講講解題的方法和技巧。
第一,要通讀全文,掌握大意,這是非常必要的。有些同學因為很著急,想很快地做完,時間也有限,所以有時候不仔細地讀這個題,只是上來看一下詞語搭配,就隨便選擇一個選項,但是殊不知,上下文有連貫的,因此通讀全文掌握大意是做好完形填空很關(guān)鍵的第一步。
完形填空常常以文章和段落的形式出現(xiàn),著眼于對語篇的整體理解,要花一段時間,通讀全文,整體上把握文章的脈絡(luò),把握作者的思維軌跡,獵取最重要的信息。因為閱讀的時間有限,應(yīng)該以意型和句子快速瀏覽全文,要特別注意文章的第一句,因為第一句話通常是全文表達的精髓所在,一般都是上來就點題,作者會在文章一開始開宗明義,向讀者顯示出這段文字的體裁、形式、涉及的內(nèi)容和意圖。 完形填空第一句話通常都是不留空格的完整的句子。
第二,上下要連續(xù),前后要貫通,連詞的使用是各行各句之間提供了緊密的因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列或者條件的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,通過發(fā)現(xiàn)和識別連詞,可以從宏觀的角度把握文章的大意,構(gòu)建全文的內(nèi)在邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),領(lǐng)會作者的思路,完形填空通過保留一定數(shù)量的詞語,使答題的人獲得必要的信息和知識。所以,某些提供答題信息的關(guān)鍵詞會多次反復地出現(xiàn),我們把這樣的關(guān)鍵詞稱為信息詞,所以要好好把握,挑出信息詞。同時憑借自己掌握的語法知識和一般的常識,兼顧人稱、性別、單復數(shù)、語法和時態(tài)等等語法的因素,從語法的結(jié)構(gòu)方面考慮答案。
第三,要仔細推敲,復校全文。填完所有的空格以后,把所有的答案放回短文的空格處,將彌補完整的全文從頭至尾讀一遍,以確保上下文的順暢合理。第三遍的檢查,有些答案局部看來很合理,有些句子覺得語感搭配很順口,但是注意從上下文的語言聯(lián)系來看又充滿了矛盾,這時候應(yīng)該做到局部服從整體,對所選的答案進行及時的修改。填完所有的空格以后,對于短文的含義和結(jié)構(gòu),已經(jīng)有了比較清晰的了解,這時候在校對的過程當中,對于一些難以作出最后抉擇的這種空格往往比較容易選出正確答案,采取一些排除法。我們想,正確的答案、最佳的答案,應(yīng)該是這樣兩個標準,一個是語法正確,有時候語法正確了,邏輯不對,也不是正確答案,語法正確、邏輯合理是屬于正確答案,有些看起來四個選項都行,但是語法和邏輯都合理才是標準答案。
第四,要有比較扎實的語言基本功底,要有比較嚴密的邏輯思維。接近中考了,要進行強化訓練,每天至少要做兩至三篇的強化訓練,要自己計時,因為考試有一定的時間限制,所以現(xiàn)在要計時進行訓練,通過一定的強化訓練,速度和正確率會有一定的提高,因為還是實踐出真知嘛,通過大量的實踐才能悟出答題的方法,把學習過的東西溫故而知新,畢竟我們生活在非英語國家,英語不是我們的母語,到臨近考試,一定要做好這方面的強化訓練,多做肯定會有收效的。
完型填空是一項綜合性很強的題目。在平常練習中,大多數(shù)人都認為完型填空很難應(yīng)付,其實,即使題目再難,答題也是有章可循的。我們不妨試試下面介紹的三遍法:
首先,完型填空的首句一般都是完整的,其目的是給答題者一個整體思路,我們順著這個整體思路進行第一遍的跳讀,也就是不看選項通讀全篇。雖然文章已經(jīng)被挖的支離破碎,我們?nèi)阅艽蟾欧治龀鏊l(fā)生的語言環(huán)境是school,還是supermarket或是farm。知道了這些以后,思維就會變得具體起來。
接下去進行第二遍的諸題攻破,邊看邊選。這遍做起來是最費時間的,因為每選一個空,都要考慮到有關(guān)的語義搭配、固定句式、詞組、時態(tài)等各個方面。比如,如果選項是動詞,那么,考查的可能是時態(tài),動詞過去式、過去分詞的規(guī)則、不規(guī)則變化;如果選項是介詞,考查的可能是固定搭配或詞組;如果選項是連詞,則考的可能是上下文的順承轉(zhuǎn)接等等。.這就要求答題者有較深的基礎(chǔ)知識功底,同時,要能做到上下呼應(yīng),左右連接。
在填完所有的空之后,就進入到了第三遍的糾錯過程。這一步要求我們把所有的選項一一對應(yīng)到相應(yīng)的空中,把它作為一篇完整的閱讀文章來通讀、復查。許多學生經(jīng)常會忽略或意識不到這一步的重要,其實,通過最后一遍的通讀,可以通過語感分析出選項是否與語境相吻合,是否與原文協(xié)調(diào)一致,是否符合應(yīng)有的邏輯關(guān)系。這樣看來,這一遍絕對是重中之重、不可或缺的。
Passage A
Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.
Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn't at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor's words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, I've bought all the food you like, dear!
1. A. no B. some C. much D. enough
2. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard
3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for
4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said No.
5. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot
6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work
7. A. should B. would C. to D. not to
8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach
9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate
10. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing
參考答案:ABACDCDBBC
Passage B
Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling (1)______. He did not know how to find his seat, (2)_____ he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, Could you help me? I can't find my seat. The air hostess showed (3)______ the seat and told him (4)______ and fasten the seat belt. She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan's ears might feel (5)______ strange, but he didn't need to (6)_______ it because many people felt (7)_______ that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk round. He could (8)______ read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would (9)_____ food and drinks. Allan could enjoy the flight and (10)_______ soon.
( )1. A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus
( )2. A. yet B. or C. but D. so
( )3. A. him B. me C. her D. he
( )4. A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D. sit down
( )5. A. a little B. little C. a bit of D. bit
( )6. A. worrying B. be worried C. worry about D. worry
( )7. A. in B. for C. as D. like
( )8. A. neither B. either C. both D. also
( )9. A. hold B. take C. bring D. carry
( )10.A. arrive home B. arrive to home C. get to home D. reach at home
參考答案:BDACACDBCA
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