山東省高密市教科院2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)《冠詞》學(xué)案
山東省高密市教科院2024屆高三高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語《冠詞》學(xué)案
1. 以考查冠詞的基礎(chǔ)用法為重點(特指,類指,泛指),熟記定冠詞和零冠詞的 特殊用法;
2. 和某些抽象名詞連用,使其具體化將成為考查重點;
3. 理解有無冠詞意義不同的詞組;
4. 對冠詞的靈活運用即一些固定短語,特殊句式將仍舊會出現(xiàn)在高考試卷中。
冠詞在高考中的考查重點:
冠詞雖小,有定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞三類,但卻是歷年各地高考必考語言點之一。就考查題型而言,以單項選擇為主,有時在完形填空和短文改錯中出現(xiàn)。
解題的方法:
1. 以考查冠詞的基礎(chǔ)用法為重點(特指,類指,泛指), 熟記定冠詞和零冠詞的特殊用法;
2. 和某些抽象名詞連用,使其具體化將成為考查重點;
3. 理解有無冠詞意義不同的詞組;
4. 對冠詞的靈活運用即一些固定短語,特殊句式將仍舊會出現(xiàn)在高考試卷中。
高考例題
【2024全國II】7. He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get _____ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. a; /
【答案】C 【解析】此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”,故用定冠詞the;第二空意為:再得到一次機會,泛指“一次機會”。句意:他在跳高中失去了金牌,但他在跳遠(yuǎn)中將得到一次機會。
【考點】考查冠詞的用法。
【2024四川卷】18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the
B. 不填; the
C. 不填; a
D. the; a
【答案】 D
【考點】本題考查冠詞。
【解析】第一空Information Age前加定冠詞the為固定說法;第二空根據(jù)句意“據(jù)說我們正生活在信息時代,一個充滿新發(fā)現(xiàn)和巨大變化的時代。”用不定冠詞。故答案選D。
【2024遼寧卷】21.
I woke up with
bad headache, yet by
evening the pain had gone.
A.
the; the
B.
the; an
C.
a; the
D.
a; an
【考點】冠詞
【答案】C
【解析】第一空表示泛指;第二空為固定用法,用定冠詞the,故選C項
不定冠詞的用法
1. a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前。
e.g. ___ book
__ egg
___ useful book
___ underground room
2. 基本用法:指人或事物的某一種類。
e.g. She is a girl.
她是女孩。This is a desk.
這是一張書桌
3. 泛指某人或者某物,但又不具體說明何人何物。
e.g. I can see a kite.
我能看見一只風(fēng)箏。
A boy is in Grade 1. 一個男孩在一年級。
4. 表示“數(shù)量”,“有一”、“每一”的意思
e.g. We have six classes a day.
我們一天上六節(jié)課。
定冠詞的用法
1. 基本用法:“特指”,特指某(些)人或者某(些)事物,以便與其他的人或物有所區(qū)別。
e.g. The book on the desk is Jim’s.
書桌上的那本書是吉姆的。
The chairs are there.
椅子在那里。
2. 指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。
e.g. Where is the kite? 風(fēng)箏在哪兒?
?。p方都知道指的是哪只風(fēng)箏。)
Open the door, please. 請把門打開。
(雙方都知道要打開哪扇門。)
3. 在敘述中,上文提到過的人或者事物,再次出現(xiàn)時。
e.g. A: I can see a kite. 我看見一只風(fēng)箏。
B: Where is the kite? 這個風(fēng)箏在哪里?
4. 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,表示“一家人”。e.g. the Blacks 布萊克一家
5. 用在宇宙間獨一無二的天體名詞之前。
e.g. the sun
the sky
the moon
the earth
6. 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級,及形容詞
only, very, same前。
e.g. I live on the second floor.
我住在二樓。
Skating is the best sport in winter.
滑冰是冬天最好的運動。
7. 與單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物。
e.g. the dollar 美元
the fox 狐貍
與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類人。
e.g. the living 生者
the dead 死人
the poor 窮人
8. 用在表示樂器的名詞之前 e.g. the violin
the piano
9. 用在一些習(xí)慣用語中
e.g. in the day
in the dark
in the rain
in the morning / afternoon / evening
the day before tomorrow / yesterday
the next morning / week / month / year
in the sky / water / field / country
in the distance
in the middle (of)
in the end
on the whole
by the way
go to the theatre (cinema)
不使用冠詞的情況
1. 名詞前有了物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞和“ ’s ”所有格時。
e.g. Our books
those apples
Jim’s pen
2. 復(fù)數(shù)名詞在表示一類人或者事物時。
e.g. They are teachers. 他們是老師。
3. 在專有名詞前。e.g. China
England
4. 在星期、月份、節(jié)日前。e.g. on Sunday
in August on Children’s Day
5. 在球類運動前及三餐名詞前。
6. 在一些固定搭配中。
e.g. at night
go to school at table
by bike
at home
at school
go to bed
watch TV
at work
鞏固練習(xí)
Multiple choice.
1. How about taking _____ short break? I want to make _____ call. (2007四川)
A. the; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; a
2. I wanted to catch _____ early train, but couldn’t get _____ ride to the station. (2007天津)
A. an, the
B. /, the
C. an, /
D. the, a
3. Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _____ church. (2007重慶)
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D. /; a
4. _____ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _____ head. (2008浙江)
A. An; the
B. The; the
C. An; 不填
D. The; 不填
5. It’s not _____ good idea to drive for four hours without _____ break. (2008全國II)
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. a; the
6. My neighbor asked me to go for _____ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got _____ energy. (2008遼寧)
A. a; 不填
B. the; the
C. 不填;the
D. a; the
7. In order to find _____ better job, he decided to study _____ second foreign language. (2009四川)
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. the; the
D. a; the
8. What _____ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive _____ prize! (2009陜西)
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. the; the
9. Let’s go to _____ cinema — that’ll take your mind off the problem for _____ while. (2009海南)
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. a ; a
10. Everything comes with _____ price; there is no such _____ thing as free lunch in the world. (2010重慶)
A. a, a
B. the, /
C. the, a
D. a, /
11. It’s _____ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _____ pleasure. (2010福建)
A. 不填, a
B. a, 不填
C. the, a
D. a, the
12. If we sit near _____ front of the bus, we’ll have _____ better view. (2010山東)
A. 不填; the
B. 不填; a
C. the; a
D. the;the
13. It is generally accepted that _____ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _____ man. (2011全國)
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; 不填
14. Take your time — it’s just _____ short distance from here to _____ restaurant. (2011山東)
A.不填; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. 不填; a
15. — It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _____ year.
— Right, he will also get paid by _____ week. (2011江西)
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
山東省高密市教科院2024屆高三高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語《冠詞》學(xué)案
1. 以考查冠詞的基礎(chǔ)用法為重點(特指,類指,泛指),熟記定冠詞和零冠詞的 特殊用法;
2. 和某些抽象名詞連用,使其具體化將成為考查重點;
3. 理解有無冠詞意義不同的詞組;
4. 對冠詞的靈活運用即一些固定短語,特殊句式將仍舊會出現(xiàn)在高考試卷中。
冠詞在高考中的考查重點:
冠詞雖小,有定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞三類,但卻是歷年各地高考必考語言點之一。就考查題型而言,以單項選擇為主,有時在完形填空和短文改錯中出現(xiàn)。
解題的方法:
1. 以考查冠詞的基礎(chǔ)用法為重點(特指,類指,泛指), 熟記定冠詞和零冠詞的特殊用法;
2. 和某些抽象名詞連用,使其具體化將成為考查重點;
3. 理解有無冠詞意義不同的詞組;
4. 對冠詞的靈活運用即一些固定短語,特殊句式將仍舊會出現(xiàn)在高考試卷中。
高考例題
【2024全國II】7. He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get _____ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. a; /
【答案】C 【解析】此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”,故用定冠詞the;第二空意為:再得到一次機會,泛指“一次機會”。句意:他在跳高中失去了金牌,但他在跳遠(yuǎn)中將得到一次機會。
【考點】考查冠詞的用法。
【2024四川卷】18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the
B. 不填; the
C. 不填; a
D. the; a
【答案】 D
【考點】本題考查冠詞。
【解析】第一空Information Age前加定冠詞the為固定說法;第二空根據(jù)句意“據(jù)說我們正生活在信息時代,一個充滿新發(fā)現(xiàn)和巨大變化的時代?!庇貌欢ü谠~。故答案選D。
【2024遼寧卷】21.
I woke up with
bad headache, yet by
evening the pain had gone.
A.
the; the
B.
the; an
C.
a; the
D.
a; an
【考點】冠詞
【答案】C
【解析】第一空表示泛指;第二空為固定用法,用定冠詞the,故選C項
不定冠詞的用法
1. a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前。
e.g. ___ book
__ egg
___ useful book
___ underground room
2. 基本用法:指人或事物的某一種類。
e.g. She is a girl.
她是女孩。This is a desk.
這是一張書桌
3. 泛指某人或者某物,但又不具體說明何人何物。
e.g. I can see a kite.
我能看見一只風(fēng)箏。
A boy is in Grade 1. 一個男孩在一年級。
4. 表示“數(shù)量”,“有一”、“每一”的意思
e.g. We have six classes a day.
我們一天上六節(jié)課。
定冠詞的用法
1. 基本用法:“特指”,特指某(些)人或者某(些)事物,以便與其他的人或物有所區(qū)別。
e.g. The book on the desk is Jim’s.
書桌上的那本書是吉姆的。
The chairs are there.
椅子在那里。
2. 指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。
e.g. Where is the kite? 風(fēng)箏在哪兒?
?。p方都知道指的是哪只風(fēng)箏。)
Open the door, please. 請把門打開。
?。p方都知道要打開哪扇門。)
3. 在敘述中,上文提到過的人或者事物,再次出現(xiàn)時。
e.g. A: I can see a kite. 我看見一只風(fēng)箏。
B: Where is the kite? 這個風(fēng)箏在哪里?
4. 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,表示“一家人”。e.g. the Blacks 布萊克一家
5. 用在宇宙間獨一無二的天體名詞之前。
e.g. the sun
the sky
the moon
the earth
6. 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級,及形容詞
only, very, same前。
e.g. I live on the second floor.
我住在二樓。
Skating is the best sport in winter.
滑冰是冬天最好的運動。
7. 與單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物。
e.g. the dollar 美元
the fox 狐貍
與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類人。
e.g. the living 生者
the dead 死人
the poor 窮人
8. 用在表示樂器的名詞之前 e.g. the violin
the piano
9. 用在一些習(xí)慣用語中
e.g. in the day
in the dark
in the rain
in the morning / afternoon / evening
the day before tomorrow / yesterday
the next morning / week / month / year
in the sky / water / field / country
in the distance
in the middle (of)
in the end
on the whole
by the way
go to the theatre (cinema)
不使用冠詞的情況
1. 名詞前有了物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞和“ ’s ”所有格時。
e.g. Our books
those apples
Jim’s pen
2. 復(fù)數(shù)名詞在表示一類人或者事物時。
e.g. They are teachers. 他們是老師。
3. 在專有名詞前。e.g. China
England
4. 在星期、月份、節(jié)日前。e.g. on Sunday
in August on Children’s Day
5. 在球類運動前及三餐名詞前。
6. 在一些固定搭配中。
e.g. at night
go to school at table
by bike
at home
at school
go to bed
watch TV
at work
鞏固練習(xí)
Multiple choice.
1. How about taking _____ short break? I want to make _____ call. (2007四川)
A. the; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; a
2. I wanted to catch _____ early train, but couldn’t get _____ ride to the station. (2007天津)
A. an, the
B. /, the
C. an, /
D. the, a
3. Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _____ church. (2007重慶)
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D. /; a
4. _____ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _____ head. (2008浙江)
A. An; the
B. The; the
C. An; 不填
D. The; 不填
5. It’s not _____ good idea to drive for four hours without _____ break. (2008全國II)
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. a; the
6. My neighbor asked me to go for _____ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got _____ energy. (2008遼寧)
A. a; 不填
B. the; the
C. 不填;the
D. a; the
7. In order to find _____ better job, he decided to study _____ second foreign language. (2009四川)
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. the; the
D. a; the
8. What _____ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive _____ prize! (2009陜西)
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. the; the
9. Let’s go to _____ cinema — that’ll take your mind off the problem for _____ while. (2009海南)
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. a ; a
10. Everything comes with _____ price; there is no such _____ thing as free lunch in the world. (2010重慶)
A. a, a
B. the, /
C. the, a
D. a, /
11. It’s _____ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _____ pleasure. (2010福建)
A. 不填, a
B. a, 不填
C. the, a
D. a, the
12. If we sit near _____ front of the bus, we’ll have _____ better view. (2010山東)
A. 不填; the
B. 不填; a
C. the; a
D. the;the
13. It is generally accepted that _____ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _____ man. (2011全國)
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; 不填
14. Take your time — it’s just _____ short distance from here to _____ restaurant. (2011山東)
A.不填; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. 不填; a
15. — It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _____ year.
— Right, he will also get paid by _____ week. (2011江西)
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. a; a