2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)知能訓(xùn)練：人教版選修六 Unit 5《The power of nature》
課時(shí)知能訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·汕頭質(zhì)檢)A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness.His legs were so hurt that he couldn't move.What was the worst was he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of __1__as a result of exhausted battery.Nothing could be done but to __2__in cold wilderness.It was 8 hours later that day broke，and then the __3__of the rescue.
It was almost __4__that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long.Even more surprising was his __5__：“First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not in mortal (必死的) danger.As there was no __6__ to call for help，I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding.In this way I dozed (打盹) off.”
His story put an end to my regret for the __7__of an exploration adventure that happened last year.A group of young men tried to explore a mountain cave and got lost.__8__ to find a way out in the dark cave.They were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of __9__.Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion (筋疲力盡)．According to the __10__people that found them，the place where they got lost was only about 20 meters away from the __11__of the cave.If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to __12__themselves，they would probably sense a faint light glimmering (閃爍) not far away.
Don't you think that you can compare it with __13__itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work，you are lost in darkness.__14__you it's unclear yet and you needn't put up struggle __15__.It seems to be a negative attitude，but a person who can afford to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage in the first place.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者通過(guò)兩個(gè)事例的對(duì)比，說(shuō)明無(wú)論是在生活中還是在工作中，當(dāng)人們處于困境或危急狀況時(shí)，不輕舉妄動(dòng)、保持鎮(zhèn)靜是智慧和勇氣的表現(xiàn)。
1．A.service B．way
C．order
D．work
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，因?yàn)殡姵赜帽M，手機(jī)不能用了。go out of work意為“不工作”；out of service意為“停止服務(wù)”；out of order意為“混亂”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，選D。
【答案】 D
2．A.cry
B．lie
C．wait
D．sleep
【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：除了等，別無(wú)選擇。此處是固定句型nothing can be done but do，相當(dāng)于have no choice but to do。從作者敘述朋友在深夜受傷但非常鎮(zhèn)靜這一事實(shí)可知，選C。
【答案】 C
3．A.delay
B．success
C．team
D．a(chǎn)rrival
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，作者的朋友最終獲救了，因此此處應(yīng)是援救“到來(lái)”了。delay不合題意，因?yàn)樽髡咭呀?jīng)說(shuō)明朋友沒(méi)有辦法呼救；此處作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的也不是“成功”。
【答案】 D
4．A.untrue
B．unimaginable
C．true
D．useless
【解析】 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，朋友在那樣的情況下竟然能夠打個(gè)盹，作者認(rèn)為這是令人“無(wú)法想象的”。作者此處是在贊揚(yáng)朋友在那樣的情況下能如此鎮(zhèn)靜，其他選項(xiàng)不合文意。
【答案】 B
5．A.plan
B．decision
C．explanation
D．excuse
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，朋友對(duì)作者的解釋更讓作者驚訝。根據(jù)下文可以排除其他選項(xiàng)，此處不是朋友的“計(jì)劃”，更不是“決定”和“借口”。
【答案】 C
6．A.method
B．way
C．tools
D．strength
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，朋友無(wú)法呼救。way做事情的方式，可用于指沒(méi)有辦法呼救，method多表示解決問(wèn)題的具體“方法”。
【答案】 B
7．A.loss
B．failure
C．disappointment
D．sadness
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，探險(xiǎn)“失敗”了。loss意為“損失”，不符合文意。
【答案】 B
8．A.Willing
B．Unable
C．Determined
D．Deciding
【解析】 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文這群年輕人亂作一團(tuán)可知，他們找不到出口。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合邏輯。
【答案】 B
9．A.hearing
B．sight
C．feeling
D．direction
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)這群年輕人迷路可知，他們亂跑一氣，沒(méi)有了“方向”感。
【答案】 D
10．A.rescue
B．village
C．local
D．brave
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)年輕人失敗真相的應(yīng)是“營(yíng)救”人員，此處不是指“當(dāng)?shù)氐娜恕保髡邚?qiáng)調(diào)的也不是“勇敢的人”。
【答案】 A
11．A.end
B．top
C．opening
D．side
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“a faint light glimmering.”可知，此處指的是“出口”，故用opening。
【答案】 C
12．A.save
B．help
C．stop
D．calm
【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人們處于危急或困境時(shí)應(yīng)“保持鎮(zhèn)靜”，故用calm。
【答案】 D
13．A.adventure
B．work
C．life
D．mankind
【解析】 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，作者由上述兩個(gè)事例聯(lián)想到“生活”，life最具有概括性。作者把上述的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)與人們的實(shí)際生活聯(lián)系起來(lái)，其他選項(xiàng)都太片面。
【答案】 C
14．A.Mind
B．Watch
C．Imagine
D．Warn
【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。mind sb.意為“提醒某人”，符合語(yǔ)境。句意：處于迷茫狀態(tài)時(shí)，你應(yīng)該提醒自己情況不明朗，不要輕舉妄動(dòng)。watch意為“注視、監(jiān)視”；imagine意為“想象”，不符合語(yǔ)境；warn意為“警告”，語(yǔ)氣太強(qiáng)，也不符合語(yǔ)境。
【答案】 A
15．A.really
B．immediately
C．carefully
D．hopefully
【解析】 考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，作者希望人們?cè)谔幱谖＜被蚶Ь硶r(shí)應(yīng)“保持鎮(zhèn)靜”，不要輕舉妄動(dòng)，因此不必“立即”去斗爭(zhēng)。
【答案】 B
?、?語(yǔ)法填空
(2024·深圳模擬)Child labor has been a problem for many years.Over a hundred years ago，Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when 1.________(describe)the conditions under which young children worked in British factories.2.________conditions Dickens described continue，almost unchanged today，in many parts of the world.The only difference is 3.________today's employment of children is confined to small industries and family businesses，such as hotels，restaurants and 4.________(particular)farms，rather than to large factories.The children not only receive nothing or very 5.________for their long hours of work，but also they 6.________(prevent) from attending school.Therefore，when they become older they are 7.________(able) to do any other kind of work.
The solution 8.________the problem of child labour is clearly better laws to protect young children，greater supervision (監(jiān)督) of industry and heavier fines for 9.________who break the laws.Only 10.________this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most valuable time of their lives—childhood.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 多年以來(lái)雇傭童工一直是個(gè)問(wèn)題，至今仍未改變。解決方法應(yīng)該是更嚴(yán)的法律，更大的監(jiān)管及更重的罰款。
1．describing 分詞作狀語(yǔ)。其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ)Charles Dickens，構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。
2．The 特指Dickens所描述的狀況。
3．that 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。
4．particularly 該詞修飾前面的動(dòng)詞be confined to(束縛于)。
5．little 表否定，與前面的nothing一詞一致。
6．a(chǎn)re prevented 孩子們被禁止去上學(xué)。
7．unable be unable to do sth.不能做某事。
8．to the solution/answer/key to the problem問(wèn)題的解決方法。
9．those 泛指一類(lèi)人。注意何時(shí)用anyone的情況，如：God helps those who help themselves.＝God helps anyone who helps himself.
10．in 以這種方式in this way。
?、?閱讀理解
A
Creativity is the ability to create inventions，solve problems or create a work of art using an unusual or innovative(革新的)approach.Creativity is also a skill in high demand in business and in many other forms of employment.All progress is the result of some sort of creative act.Thus someone who can produce such acts on a consistent basis is a valuable addition to any undertaking.
Research has shown that too much passive media consumption at a young age prevents the development of creativity.You might think that creativity is a result of high intelligence，but that is not the case.Sure，it does not hurt to be smart，but you can be a smart robot without being able to imagine new ways of doing things.On the other hand it's common knowledge that traveling increases your ability to think“outside the box”，because you experience a lot of new things and different ways of doing things when you witness how people from other cultures live.
So what is the difference between surfing the web and watching TV and traveling？Watching TV is very passive and your brain simply discards most of it.And it is as if it has become cluttered(凌亂的)with useless information that it cannot really process.
When you are doing things actively，by being there，by having a heightened sense of alert，very positive things happen.For example，remember your last trip.Let's say you've been to Tokyo.For most non-Japanese the experience of being in the city is very impressive.Everything is huge.There are lots of people and technology is everywhere.Because the city is new for you，your brain switches in“possibly dangerous”mode.You notice much more，even tiny details.
Now that your mind is open it also stores the information better，because of your aroused state.All your input is stored with stronger emotions and is thus easier to recall later.That's why you should travel or simply go to new places in your town.Actively observe how you feel and then try to reproduce the feeling at a familiar place.This way you will learn to see things with the eyes of a traveler.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文以看電視、上網(wǎng)、外出旅游為例論述了怎樣培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造性思維。
1．What do we know from Paragraph 1?
A．Creativity is an important characteristic for business people.
B．Creativity is used just to create inventions or solve problems.
C．A creative personality is only useful in art.
D．Creativity isn't necessarily important for all people.
【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Creativity is also a skill in high demand in business”和“Thus someone who...to any undertaking.”可推斷，答案為A項(xiàng)。
【答案】 A
2．What can be inferred about creativity from the passage?
A．It belongs to people with great intelligence.
B．Experiencing new things is helpful for you to develop it.
C．It means people know about others who live in different cultures.
D．It is like a clever robot that can do many things.
【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“...traveling increases your ability to think“outside the box，”because you experience a lot of new things...”可推斷，答案為B項(xiàng)。
【答案】 B
3．Which of the following words in the passage has the opposite meaning to the underlined word “discards” in Paragraph 3?
A．Prevents
B．Increases.
C．Switches.
D．Stores.
【解析】 猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)句中“Watching TV is very passive...”和第五段“...it also stores the information better，because of your aroused state.”可知，discard與store意思相反，故答案為D項(xiàng)。
【答案】 D
4．An example of a trip to Tokyo is given in Paragraph 4 to show that________.
A．the Japanese are one of the intelligent peoples
B．traveling is positive but sometimes dangerous
C．positive things happen while people are traveling abroad
D．most non-Japanese are curious about Tokyo
【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“...very positive things happen.For example，remember your last trip.”可推斷，答案為C項(xiàng)。
【答案】 C
5．Which of the following statements does the author agree with?
A．Traveling abroad is the only way to enrich people's knowledge.
B．Traveling is likely to arouse people's creativity.
C．Surfing the web is good for developing creativity.
D．Watching TV is an active way of gaining information.
【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段和“That's why you should travel or simply go to new places in your town.”可推斷，答案為B項(xiàng)。
【答案】 B
B
Austin Yowler,13，has football practice Tuesday through Thursday.His brother Kendall,8，has soccer practice Tuesday and Friday.Both boys play their games on weekends，which means calling time out for family dinners can be difficult for the Yowler family of Burlington.They try to squeeze them in two to three times a week.
“Today，everybody lives such busy lives，and dinner time is just a good time to catch up with what everybody's doing，” says the boys' father，David Yowler.
“It's really important，” his wife，Suzanne，says，“We always did it when I was a kid.You never know what kids might tell us.They are not very ready to give information at this age，so it's nice to get little interesting things once in a while.”
Indeed，the family dinner might be more important than many people realize.“Surveys have found that the more often children have dinners with their parents，the less likely they are to smoke，drink or use drugs，and that parental engagement fostered around the dinner table is one of the most powerful tools to help parents raise healthy，drug-free children，” says a report.
Austin Yowler，an eighth-grader，says，“it's nice to just sit down with everybody once in a while.” But he adds that in the evenings he doesn't have football，“I just like to go and hang out with my friends.Having to come home in the middle of that is just kind of...” His facial expression finishes the thought.
It's the conversations happening at the table—not the food being eaten—that is key，the report says.Dinner time is the best time to strengthen family ties and learn what's going on in each other's lives.
“I know family dinners are important，so I tell everyone no texting，no TV and no video games，” says Deanna Eppers of Milford，whose three children are in college，high school and sixth grade.It's OK，though，for a mom to “call” the kids to the table by texting a message.“Otherwise，” she says，“they say they don't hear me.”
