高考英語易錯題解題方法大全（二）：完形填空
高考英語易錯題解題方法大全 ：完形填空（上）
【范例1】
本文是一篇以敘文，作者在記敘之后發(fā)表了自己的感悟。文章講述了作者遭遇一次暴風雨而歷經(jīng)艱辛堅持去上班，就在作者因此而倍感疲憊和煩躁時，卻收到了經(jīng)理的一封電子信件。信中經(jīng)理簡短的幾句對不顧風雨堅持來上班的人們表示了感激，這使得作者感到一天來的疲憊與煩惱一掃而光，并由此感悟到幾句簡短的話語可以使人的精神煥然一新。
本文所選內容邏輯性強，文章結構嚴謹，層次分明。文章是以第一人稱進行敘述、描寫的。文章具有啟發(fā)和教育意義，充分體現(xiàn)考試說明的要求，能夠積極引導考生樹立正確的人生觀、世界觀和價值觀，增強社會責任感，有利于全面提高人文素養(yǎng)。
On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to
1
and the subway system almost came to a stop.
Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were
2
to go home. Some battled to
3
a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the
4bravely, walking miles to get to work.
I
5
to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most
6
had stopped. After making my way
7
crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was
8. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to
9
the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the
10
. So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train.
Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train
11
my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was 12 through, exhausted and
13.
My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm, I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer
14
I received an email from Garth, my Director:
I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and
15
went to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their
to their jobs. Thank you.
Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that
17
message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of 18
can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic
19 had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately
20
me and put a smile back on my face.
1. A. confusion
B. flood
C. sink
D. crash
2. A. forced
B. refused
C. adjusted
D. gathered
3. A. order
B. pay
C. call
D. search
4. A. climate
B. scenery
C. storm
D. burden
5. A. occurred
B. promised
C. deserved
D. happened
6. A. practice
B. routine
C. process
D. service
7. A. to
B. through
C. over
D. for
8. A. operating
B. cycling
C. turning
D. rushing
9. A. check
B. carry
C. find
D. board
10. A. street
B. ground
C. floor
D. platform
11. A. paused
B. crossed
C. reached
D. parked
12. A. wet
B. weak
C. sick
D. hurt
13. A. ashamed
B. discouraged
C. surprised
D. helpless
14. A. while
B. when
C. where
D. after
15. A. hardly
B. casually
C. absolutely
D. eventually
16. A. devotion
B. donation
C. concern
D. reaction
17. A. accurate
B. urgent
C. brief
D. humorous
18. A. promise
B. appreciation C. admiration
D. guidance
19. A. troubles
B. signals
C. rules
D. signs
20. A. corrected
B. supported
C. amazed
D. refreshed
參考答案及解析：
1. 【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為B。考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境，因為是rainstorm(暴風雨)，所以街道被雨水淹沒。選項A為“”；C為“沉沒”；D為“猛撞，崩潰”，均不合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析因為大雨，許多人被迫回家
【答案解析】答案為A?？疾閯釉~辨析。因為大雨，許多人被迫回家，不能夠去上班。注意被句為被動形式，從意義上可以排除選項B、C、D。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為C。考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境：有些人能夠叫到出租車(call a taxi)。order為“訂購，預定”。不合語境；search a taxi表示“搜查出租車（在車上找東西）”，也不正確。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為C?？疾槊~辨析。聯(lián)系上文，根據(jù)文章第一句中rainstorm一詞可知答案。語境：有些人能夠叫到出租車，還有寫人勇敢面對暴風雨，步行去上班。當時正在下雨，所以用face the storm bravely. C選項climate為“氣候（指某一地區(qū)長期的天氣狀況）”；scenery為“景色”；burden為“負擔”，均不合文意。
【】典型錯誤.沒有聯(lián)系上下文。
【答案解析】答案為D?？疾閯釉~辨析。聯(lián)系下文可知作者“碰巧也是”去上班中的一個，happen to be表示“碰巧是…”。而；promise to表示“允諾去做…”;deserve to do表示“理應做，值得做”，均不符合文意與語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析作者去了地鐵，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)地鐵都已經(jīng)停止運行服務
【答案解析】答案為D?？疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)語境：作者去了地鐵，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)地鐵都已經(jīng)停止運行服務了，所以用service,表示“（地鐵的運行）服務”。而practice表示“練習；慣例做法”；routine表示“常規(guī)；例行公事”；process表示“過程；程序”，均不符合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析make one’s way through the crowds of people是固定搭配和前后語境易選A，
【答案解析】答案為B。考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)語境：make one’s way through the crowds of people在人群中擠出一條路。make one’s way to:表示“通往…”；make one’s way for:表示“讓步于…”，均不合文意。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為A?？疾閯釉~辨析。operate表示“操作，運轉，運行”。作者最終發(fā)現(xiàn)一條地鐵還在運行。cycle 表示“循環(huán)，周期”；turn表示“變得；轉彎”；rush表示“沖進，匆促”，均不符合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為D?？疾閯釉~辨析。根據(jù)語意：那么多人在等待上車…；board the subway表示“木；登車，上車（船、飛機等）”。Check表示“核查；登記”；carry“攜帶，搬運”；find“找到”，均不合文意。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為D。考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境：“我”甚至無法踏上站臺的臺階。Platform“站臺”。其它不合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為C?？疾閯釉~辨析。根據(jù)語境：最終過了好長時間，地鐵終于停在了我的那一站。聯(lián)系下文Then I had to …一句可知作者先坐了一程地鐵，然后又在雨中步行了幾個街區(qū)。pause表示“暫停，中止”；cross表示“交叉；越過”；park表示“停車”，均不合文意。
【】錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。be wet through:渾身濕透了。（由于作者冒雨而行，在到達辦公室時已經(jīng)濕透了。）根據(jù)文章下一句：My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off.作者與同事一起花費了大半天的時間才晾干也可知。其它不合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析作者的情感、態(tài)度
【答案解析】答案為B。考查動詞辨析。要認真體會作者的情感、態(tài)度：此時由于作者渾身濕透，所以到辦公室時已經(jīng)是疲憊不堪了，所以此時作者的情緒應該是“沮喪的，泄氣的”。這也可以根據(jù)下文第54、55兩句形成對比：作者收到經(jīng)理的E-mail而變的愉快起來。ashamed“慚愧的”；surprised“吃驚的”； “無助的”，均不符合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為B?？疾檫B詞。when表示“就在這時”…when…構成固定搭配。其它不合語境。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為D?？疾楦痹~辨析。eventually表示“最終”；hardly 表示“幾乎不”；casually 表示“偶然地，隨意地”absolutely 表示“完全地”。根據(jù)文意：我很感謝你們所有的不顧艱辛最終來上班的人。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析 show one’s concern for sth表示“對…關心”
【答案解析】答案為A。考查名詞辨析。句意為：…，當員工們表明他們對于工作的投入時…。devotion表示“投入”；donation 表示“捐贈”；concern表示“關心”；reaction表示“反應”。
【】錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為C。考查形容詞辨析。聯(lián)系文章，經(jīng)理的這封e-mail并不長，所以用brief表示“簡短的”。accurate 表示“精確的”；urgent表示“急切的”；humorous表示“幽默的”。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析幾句感激的話也會有很大的影響
【答案解析】答案為B?？疾槊~辨析。句意為：這封e-mail讓我知道即使是簡短的幾句感激的話也會有很大的影響。appreciation表示“欣賞，感激”；promise 表示“諾言”；表示“”；guidance表示“指導，引導”。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析
【答案解析】答案為A?？疾槊~辨析。句意為：暴雨和交通阻塞帶來的麻煩使得“我”疲憊、煩亂。signals 表示“信號”；rules表示“規(guī)則”；signs表示“符號，跡象”，均不正確。
【】典型錯誤.錯因分析簡短的話語可以使人的精神煥然一新
【答案解析】答案為D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意為：經(jīng)理Garth的話立即使得我提起精神來，讓我又面帶微笑。Refreshed表示“使...生氣蓬勃,提起精神,恢復精神”；correct表示“糾正”；support表示“支持”；amaze 表示“使吃驚”，均不符合語境。
Lulu is a brave pet in our shelter．
As you know, there are a lot of forest fires during the summer season．Many forests are badly 1 by fire each year．Not far from our shelter, a forest caught fire during this hot summer．We were in a heat wave which had been
2
for three days．
Lulu rushed towards the forest where flames sent out a terrible 3 ．I no longer had any hope that Lulu would come
4
to the shelter．In fact, I was waiting for the firemen to announce his 5
in the forest, when suddenly, a fireman burst into my shelter and
6
me that my dog Lulu had
7
to save four kittens who were trapped by the flames．According to the fireman, Lulu seized the kittens, one by one moving them to a
8
place．I immediately accompanied the fireman to the forest to
9
the rescued kittens．When we arrived at the
10
of the incident, we found Lulu was not
11
?。甌hen we heard the
12
of a dog came from the forest barking furiously．I
13
it was my dog Lulu．The fireman followed the tracks of the dog until we found him barking
14
by the side of an injured fireman who was lying on the ground and desperately 15
rescue．Thanks to Lulu, four kittens and a fireman were saved．
That day, I was very 16 of Lulu for his two heroic
17
toward the kittens and the fireman．Lulu showed much compassion (同情) for both animals
18
him and for a human being who was trying to
19
the fire with his colleagues．
This true story of genuine love and compassion shows us that pets are loving,
20
and compassionate．We should love and protect them．One day they could do us a good turn．
1．A．damaged
B．destroyed
C．wounded
D．hurt
2．A．taking on
B．coming on
C．going on
D．keeping on
3．A．heat
B．energy
C．fever
D．burn
4．A．by
B．round
C．up
D．back
5．A．return
B．honor
C．death
D．action
6．A．announced
B．informed
C．communicated
D．claimed
7．A．tried
B．wanted
C．managed
D．failed
8．A．safe
B．safer
C．lonely
D．beautiful
9．A．pick out
B．pick up
C．bring on
D．bring up
10．A．scene
B．position
C．situation
D．view
11．A．here
B．out
C．in
D．there
12．A．voice
B．noise
C．accent
D．sound
