SAT作文評分標準與評分過程詳解
SAT的作文是SAT三大內容之一的寫作內容的一個組成部分,它同語法考試一起組成了寫作考試,寫作部分的總分為800分。在這800分中,作文的分數(shù)約占總分的1/4,但由于這一分數(shù)不僅被單列出來,而且作文的影印件還被提交給各大學,所以使得作文顯得尤其重要??梢哉f好的作文分數(shù)不一定會提高你的錄取可能性,但很差的作文分數(shù)卻會使你提前出局。
作文的得分范圍是0-12分,它在寫作這一項的具體所占分數(shù)的比例可參考表5-3-2。
一、SAT作文考核何種能力
SAT作文正象大家所認為的那樣:它是為測試考生的寫作能力而設置的。至于目前使用的考試形式是否能考出考生的寫作能力,卻存在著很大的分歧,一些美國的教育專家和考試專家認為這一考法根本無法正確評估考生的寫作能力,所以認為應取消它或改變它。更有專家做了實驗,實驗結果否定了它的評估權威性。實驗是這樣的做的:在某高中隨機抽出一組學生,對他們進行作文考試,記下他們的得分。在考核之后對這些學生進行為期3天的培訓和具有針對性的寫作訓練,經過3天的強化之后再測試他們,卻出現(xiàn)了戲劇性的結果:這組學生的作文分數(shù)平均提高了3分。也就是說。經過3天的寫作強化,一個5分學生竟然可提高到8分,而一個8分學生竟然可能提高到了11分。
三天的任何訓練都無法真正提高一個人的寫作水平,這一點作者認為是無可爭議的。那么如何解釋這3分呢?作者不想在此給出任何解釋,留給讀者思考吧。作者只是想說這種考試不僅仍然存在著,而且絲毫未變。這一現(xiàn)象對我們英語是非母語的考生來說,未必是一件壞事,只要你得到要領,做適當練習和必要的考前準備,或許不止提高3分呢。
在這里作者想告訴大家SAT作文是如此來考核考生的。在25分鐘的短暫時間里考生能組織出怎樣的一篇議論文草稿。通過對這一草稿的量,質和色來考核考生的寫作能力。盡管排出三者的優(yōu)先順序是一件可笑的事。但作者憑經驗而言,仍想牽強地給出如下的優(yōu)先順序:量〉質〉色。
二、SAT作文的標準
SAT作文題都是議論文,理想的文章應具有以下特點:嚴謹,清晰的論點,有說服力的論據(jù),恰到好處的事例,多樣化的句型,豐富的詞匯和正確的語法。美國教育考試服務中心公布了各個分數(shù)的作文所具有的特點。下面給出它的原文,供讀者了解、學習和掌握。在此評分的范圍是0-6分。不過作者想告訴大家,這不是作文評卷人使用的評分依據(jù),因為它太不具體了。
Score of 6
An essay in this category demonstrates clear and consistent mastery, although it may have a few minor errors. A typical essay:
Effectively and insightfully develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates outstanding critical thinking, using clearly appropriate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position
Is well organized and clearly focused, demonstrating clear coherence and smooth progression of ideas
Exhibits skillful use of language, using a varied, accurate, and apt vocabulary
Demonstrates meaningful variety in sentence structure
Is free of most errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics
Score of 5
An essay in this category demonstrates reasonably consistent mastery, although it will have occasional errors or lapses in quality. A typical essay:
Effectively develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates strong critical thinking, generally using appropriate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position
Is well organized and focused, demonstrating coherence and progression of ideas
Exhibits facility in the use of language, using appropriate vocabulary
Demonstrates variety in sentence structure
Is generally free of most errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics
Score of 4
An essay in this category demonstrates adequate mastery, although it will have lapses in quality. A typical essay:
Develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates competent critical thinking, using adequate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position
Is generally organized and focused, demonstrating some coherence and progression of ideas
Exhibits adequate but inconsistent facility in the use of language, using generally appropriate vocabulary
Demonstrates some variety in sentence structure
Has some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics
SAT的作文是SAT三大內容之一的寫作內容的一個組成部分,它同語法考試一起組成了寫作考試,寫作部分的總分為800分。在這800分中,作文的分數(shù)約占總分的1/4,但由于這一分數(shù)不僅被單列出來,而且作文的影印件還被提交給各大學,所以使得作文顯得尤其重要??梢哉f好的作文分數(shù)不一定會提高你的錄取可能性,但很差的作文分數(shù)卻會使你提前出局。
作文的得分范圍是0-12分,它在寫作這一項的具體所占分數(shù)的比例可參考表5-3-2。
一、SAT作文考核何種能力
SAT作文正象大家所認為的那樣:它是為測試考生的寫作能力而設置的。至于目前使用的考試形式是否能考出考生的寫作能力,卻存在著很大的分歧,一些美國的教育專家和考試專家認為這一考法根本無法正確評估考生的寫作能力,所以認為應取消它或改變它。更有專家做了實驗,實驗結果否定了它的評估權威性。實驗是這樣的做的:在某高中隨機抽出一組學生,對他們進行作文考試,記下他們的得分。在考核之后對這些學生進行為期3天的培訓和具有針對性的寫作訓練,經過3天的強化之后再測試他們,卻出現(xiàn)了戲劇性的結果:這組學生的作文分數(shù)平均提高了3分。也就是說。經過3天的寫作強化,一個5分學生竟然可提高到8分,而一個8分學生竟然可能提高到了11分。
三天的任何訓練都無法真正提高一個人的寫作水平,這一點作者認為是無可爭議的。那么如何解釋這3分呢?作者不想在此給出任何解釋,留給讀者思考吧。作者只是想說這種考試不僅仍然存在著,而且絲毫未變。這一現(xiàn)象對我們英語是非母語的考生來說,未必是一件壞事,只要你得到要領,做適當練習和必要的考前準備,或許不止提高3分呢。
在這里作者想告訴大家SAT作文是如此來考核考生的。在25分鐘的短暫時間里考生能組織出怎樣的一篇議論文草稿。通過對這一草稿的量,質和色來考核考生的寫作能力。盡管排出三者的優(yōu)先順序是一件可笑的事。但作者憑經驗而言,仍想牽強地給出如下的優(yōu)先順序:量〉質〉色。
二、SAT作文的標準
SAT作文題都是議論文,理想的文章應具有以下特點:嚴謹,清晰的論點,有說服力的論據(jù),恰到好處的事例,多樣化的句型,豐富的詞匯和正確的語法。美國教育考試服務中心公布了各個分數(shù)的作文所具有的特點。下面給出它的原文,供讀者了解、學習和掌握。在此評分的范圍是0-6分。不過作者想告訴大家,這不是作文評卷人使用的評分依據(jù),因為它太不具體了。
Score of 6
An essay in this category demonstrates clear and consistent mastery, although it may have a few minor errors. A typical essay:
Effectively and insightfully develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates outstanding critical thinking, using clearly appropriate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position
Is well organized and clearly focused, demonstrating clear coherence and smooth progression of ideas
Exhibits skillful use of language, using a varied, accurate, and apt vocabulary
Demonstrates meaningful variety in sentence structure
Is free of most errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics
Score of 5
An essay in this category demonstrates reasonably consistent mastery, although it will have occasional errors or lapses in quality. A typical essay:
Effectively develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates strong critical thinking, generally using appropriate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position
Is well organized and focused, demonstrating coherence and progression of ideas
Exhibits facility in the use of language, using appropriate vocabulary
Demonstrates variety in sentence structure
Is generally free of most errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics
Score of 4
An essay in this category demonstrates adequate mastery, although it will have lapses in quality. A typical essay:
Develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates competent critical thinking, using adequate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position
Is generally organized and focused, demonstrating some coherence and progression of ideas
Exhibits adequate but inconsistent facility in the use of language, using generally appropriate vocabulary
Demonstrates some variety in sentence structure
Has some errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics