動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式。動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成和現(xiàn)在分詞相同。
動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的特點(diǎn)：可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和標(biāo)語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞也具有動(dòng)詞的某些特點(diǎn)：要求賓語(yǔ)和帶有狀語(yǔ)，這是就構(gòu)成了動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞也有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)、一般和完成等形式。以DESIGN為例：主動(dòng)態(tài)
被動(dòng)態(tài)
般式 Designing Being designed
完成式 Having designed Having being designed
動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的用法
動(dòng)名詞及短語(yǔ)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。例如：（1） Heating the water changes it into vapor. 把水加熱可以使水變?yōu)檎羝?。（Heating the water在句中作主語(yǔ)，water是heating的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）Closing the switch connects the cranking motor to the battery. 合上開(kāi)關(guān)就把啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)與蓄電池接通了。（句中closing the switch作主語(yǔ)，switch為closing的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）Oxygen does not burn, but does support burning. 氧布自燃，但能助燃。（burning是動(dòng)名詞，作support的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）Energy is involved in doing work, or in heating on object. 能量在于它能做功，或使物體變熱。（動(dòng)名詞doing和heating均為介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）In the dynamo, mechanical energy is used for rolating the armature between the poles of an electromagnet. 在直流發(fā)電機(jī)中，機(jī)械能被用來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)電磁鐵兩極之間的電樞。（動(dòng)名詞rotating是介詞for的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）One way to fit the pieces of a broken iron bar together is heating the iron until it softens and pounding it with a hammer. 把一根斷成數(shù)截的鐵棍連接起來(lái)的一個(gè)方法就是把鐵加熱至軟化，然后用鐵錘去鍛打。（句中heating和pounding均為表語(yǔ)。）
動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)
當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主體是動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作對(duì)象時(shí)，該動(dòng)名詞通常用被動(dòng)形式。例如：
?。?）When a vapor condenses, the energy that it absorbed in being baporized is again released as heat. 當(dāng)蒸汽冷凝時(shí)，它汽化時(shí)所吸收的能量又以熱的形式釋放出來(lái)。（it用來(lái)代替vapor，it時(shí)vaporize這一動(dòng)作的承受者，所以要用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式being vaporized.）
（2）It is assumed that every substance which is capable of being magnetized consists of a very large number of molecular magnets.人們假定，能夠被磁化的各種物質(zhì)都是由大量的分子磁體組成的.（句中which用來(lái)代替substance，which時(shí)動(dòng)詞magnetize這一動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，所以magnetize的動(dòng)名詞應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。）
動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式。動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成和現(xiàn)在分詞相同。
動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的特點(diǎn)：可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和標(biāo)語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞也具有動(dòng)詞的某些特點(diǎn)：要求賓語(yǔ)和帶有狀語(yǔ)，這是就構(gòu)成了動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞也有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)、一般和完成等形式。以DESIGN為例：主動(dòng)態(tài)
被動(dòng)態(tài)
般式 Designing Being designed
完成式 Having designed Having being designed
動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的用法
動(dòng)名詞及短語(yǔ)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。例如：（1） Heating the water changes it into vapor. 把水加熱可以使水變?yōu)檎羝?。（Heating the water在句中作主語(yǔ)，water是heating的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）Closing the switch connects the cranking motor to the battery. 合上開(kāi)關(guān)就把啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)與蓄電池接通了。（句中closing the switch作主語(yǔ)，switch為closing的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）Oxygen does not burn, but does support burning. 氧布自燃，但能助燃。（burning是動(dòng)名詞，作support的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）Energy is involved in doing work, or in heating on object. 能量在于它能做功，或使物體變熱。（動(dòng)名詞doing和heating均為介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）In the dynamo, mechanical energy is used for rolating the armature between the poles of an electromagnet. 在直流發(fā)電機(jī)中，機(jī)械能被用來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)電磁鐵兩極之間的電樞。（動(dòng)名詞rotating是介詞for的賓語(yǔ)。）
?。?）One way to fit the pieces of a broken iron bar together is heating the iron until it softens and pounding it with a hammer. 把一根斷成數(shù)截的鐵棍連接起來(lái)的一個(gè)方法就是把鐵加熱至軟化，然后用鐵錘去鍛打。（句中heating和pounding均為表語(yǔ)。）
動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)
當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主體是動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作對(duì)象時(shí)，該動(dòng)名詞通常用被動(dòng)形式。例如：
?。?）When a vapor condenses, the energy that it absorbed in being baporized is again released as heat. 當(dāng)蒸汽冷凝時(shí)，它汽化時(shí)所吸收的能量又以熱的形式釋放出來(lái)。（it用來(lái)代替vapor，it時(shí)vaporize這一動(dòng)作的承受者，所以要用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式being vaporized.）
?。?）It is assumed that every substance which is capable of being magnetized consists of a very large number of molecular magnets.人們假定，能夠被磁化的各種物質(zhì)都是由大量的分子磁體組成的.（句中which用來(lái)代替substance，which時(shí)動(dòng)詞magnetize這一動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，所以magnetize的動(dòng)名詞應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。）
