2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)梳理練習(xí)：選修7 Unit 21 Human Biology（北師大版）

　　Unit 21 Human?Biology

　　(80分鐘104分)

　　Part A

　　一、閱讀理解(共7小題;每小題2分,滿(mǎn)分14分)

　　A

　　Every year,the fascinating tourist destinations below are attracting travelers from home and abroad to St.Louis,which founded in 1764 by French traders,today is the fifteenth largest urban area in the United States.

　　● American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog

　　Dog lovers who visit St.Louis won’t want to miss this 14,000-square-foot museum.Inside are over 500 paintings,prints,watercolors and a variety of other dog art objects.The Museum is open all year round,Tuesday through Saturday 10 AM to 4 PM,and Sunday 1 PM to 5 PM.Admission is $5 for adults,$2.50 for seniors and $1 for children up to 14.

　　● Anheuser Busch Brewery

　　The Anheuser Busch Brewery tour is not just for beer lovers.The tour includes the historic Brew House.Then the tour continues to the modern Bevo Packaging Plant.The best will be the Budweiser Clydesdale stables.The tours are always free.

　　● Gateway Arch

　　Designed by Eero Saarinen and Hannskarl Bandel,it took over two years and 900 tons of stainless steel to build.It is the tallest of the country’s National Monuments.The Arch is part of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial.About one million people per year come to the top of the Arch,where there is an observation platform providing a great view of the city.

　　● The St.Louis Zoo

　　First version of the St.Louis Zoo opened in 1904 at the St.Louis World’s Fair,but now it has grown into one of the chief zoos in the world.The passenger train takes visitors around the Zoo,which contains over 9,000 animals of over 800 species.

　　The Zoo is open every day but Christmas and New Year,with summer hours of 8 AM to 7 PM,and hours the rest of the year of 9 AM to 5 PM.Admission to the Zoo is free.

　　(2024·寧夏銀川一中月考)

　　1.If you are interested in how to make beer,you can visit .?

　　A.the St.Louis Zoo

　　B.Gateway Arch

　　C.Anheuser Busch Brewery

　　D.American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog

　　2.What can we know about Gateway Arch?

　　A.People can see the city clearly on the top of the arch.

　　B.It was designed by two famous Italian architects.

　　C.It took 900 tons of stainless steel and cement to build.

　　D.It is the largest of the country’s National Monuments.

　　3.If you plan to visit the St.Louis Zoo,you can go there .?

　　A.at 9∶30 am on New Year’s Day

　　B.at 5∶30 pm in winter

　　C.at 5∶00 pm on Christmas Day

　　D.at 8∶30 am in summer

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了美國(guó)名城圣路易斯的四個(gè)著名景點(diǎn)。

　　1.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二則廣告前兩句“The Anheuser Busch Brewery tour is not just for beer lovers.The tour includes the historic Brew House.”可知,百威酒廠(chǎng)有關(guān)于啤酒制作的傳統(tǒng)作坊,適合對(duì)啤酒制作感興趣者參觀,故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　2.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告最后一句“About one million people per year come to the top of the Arch,where there is an observation platform providing a great view of the city.”可知,站在圣路易斯拱門(mén)的最高處,可以俯視全城。故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四則廣告最后一段可知,圣路易斯動(dòng)物園除了元旦和圣誕節(jié)之外每天都開(kāi)放,參觀時(shí)間是夏季早8點(diǎn)至晚7點(diǎn),其他季節(jié)早9點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)。故選擇D項(xiàng)。

　　B

　　If you could travel in time,where would you go?Perhaps you would watch an original performance of a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England?What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period?Or maybe you’d voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.

　　The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing.Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years.Perhaps the best known example is the science fiction novel The Time Machine,which was written by H.G.Wells and published in 1895 for the first time.It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name,as well as two television versions,and a large number of comic book adaptations.It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively.The term “time machine”,coined by Wells,is now universally used to refer to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.

　　But could time travel actually be possible?Some scientists say yes,in theory.They propose using cracks in time and space called “wormholes”,which could be used as shortcuts to other periods.Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances.And British physicist Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship—going at nearly the speed of light.Though building such a spaceship would of course be no simple task.

　　Even if you could travel into the past,there is something called the “grandfather paradox”.It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason,and therefore prevent himself from being born.If the time traveler wasn’t born,how would he travel back in time?

　　And would you really like to visit the future?In H.G.Wells’ book,the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs.He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles(觸角).

　　If that’s what’s in store,maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.

　　(2024·北京海淀區(qū)期中考試)

　　1.The novel The Time Machine mentioned in Paragraph 2 aims to show .?

　　A.people’s interest in time travel

　　B.the special feature of the book

　　C.the long history of time travel

　　D.the contribution of H.G.Wells

　　2.Einstein’s and Hawking’s theories .?

　　A.have similarities in many ways

　　B.push the invention of the first spaceship

　　C.have proved wrong by some time travelers

　　D.suggest the possibility of time travel

　　3.In Paragraph 4,“grandfather paradox” probably refers to the idea that .?

　　A.the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather

　　B.the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather

　　C.the grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impossible

　　D.the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness

　　4.According to the passage,what is probably the author’s attitude towards time travel?

　　A.Unclear. B.Skeptical.

　　C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.

　　【文章大意】本文為議論文,主要討論了時(shí)間旅行的可能性。

　　1.A　目的意圖題。第二段第一句“The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing.”為該段主題句,下文舉科幻小說(shuō)《時(shí)間機(jī)器》為例說(shuō)明此觀點(diǎn)。由此可推測(cè),第二段提到這部小說(shuō),是為了表明人們對(duì)時(shí)間旅行的濃厚興趣,故選擇A項(xiàng)。

　　2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第四、五句可知,兩位科學(xué)家的理論表明了時(shí)光旅行是可能的,故選D項(xiàng)。

　　3.C　詞義推測(cè)題。由第四段可知,“祖父悖論”指的是如果時(shí)間旅行者的祖父被殺,時(shí)間旅行者則不可能出生。

　　4.B　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。從全文看,無(wú)論是引用的兩位科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn),還是H.G.Wells書(shū)中的事例,都說(shuō)明了作者對(duì)時(shí)間旅行持有懷疑態(tài)度,最后一段更是明確表明了作者的態(tài)度,故選B項(xiàng)。unclear “不清晰的”;skeptical“懷疑的”;supportive “支持的”;unconcerned “不關(guān)心的”。

　　二、語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分)

　　Waiting for a bus can be very 1.(annoy).Often you have been at the bus stop for half an hour,and the bus still doesn’t come.2.,people in Zhongshan,Guangdong don’t have to suffer this.It’s all because of a mobile APP,Zhongshan Real-time Buses.With the APP,people can find out the exact time a bus arrives and set an alarm to remind 3.(them) to go to the bus stop in time.?

　　Five Senior 1 students make the APP possible.At first,they just wanted to add or change bus lines to help make it much 4.(easy) for students at their school to take buses.But later,they wanted to make something that is 5.(benefit) to all the people of Zhongshan.6.(get) technical support,the team turned to the local public transportation group company.They carried out three surveys by collecting questionnaires 7. are completed by about 600 people in shopping malls and bus stops.“The work took up almost all of our spare time for four months,” said Su Yinan,16.?

　　On Feb 25,Zhongshan Real-time Buses was born.The mobile APP,8.(download) more than 60,000 times,now covers over 100 bus lines in the city.The project 9.(win) the first place on the Fifth National High School Students Leadership Convention this summer.?

　　“We are very happy that Zhongshan people are using the results of our efforts,” said Chen,“Students can also make 10. big difference to society.”

　　(2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)期中考試)

　　1.annoying。annoying意為“令人煩惱的”,此處作表語(yǔ)修飾“waiting for a bus”這件事。

　　2.However。前文說(shuō)等車(chē)不方便,下文說(shuō)這一問(wèn)題解決了,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填however。

　　3.themselves。句子主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)均為第三人稱(chēng)people,故賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)用反身代詞themselves。

　　4.easier。much常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)表示程度,故填easier。

　　5.beneficial。此處應(yīng)用形容詞beneficial,在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)。be beneficial to意為“有益于”。

　　6.To get。此處意為“為了獲得技術(shù)支持”,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。

　　7.which/that。先行詞為questionnaires“調(diào)查表”,其后接定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,應(yīng)用which或that。

　　8.downloaded。此處用過(guò)去分詞downloaded作后置定語(yǔ)修飾The mobile APP,表被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

　　9.won。由this summer可知本句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故空處填won。

　　10.a。make a difference為固定搭配,意為“有影響,起作用”。

　　Part B

　　一、完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分30分)

　　Did you know Saint George’s Day?　1　,for many English people the answer to this question will be “No”.We get very excited about Saint Patrick’s Day,and then completely 　2　 that we have our own national day!For me,it’s 　3　 to remember the date as it’s also my grandma’s birthday.?

　　Saint George is the patron saint(守護(hù)神)of England.According to the legend(傳說(shuō)),a dragon lived in a lake near a town.People were 　4　 of the dragon and every day they would 　5　 it with two sheep.　6　 there weren’t enough sheep,a child would be fed to the dragon 　7　!One day,the king’s daughter was 　8　.The king didn’t want to lose his daughter;he tried 　9　 money to the town’s people.However,they didn’t want the money and 　10　 his daughter must be fed to the dragon.While the princess 　11　 the dragon by the lake,Saint George rode by on his horse and killed the dragon with a(n) 　12　.?

　　Over the years,different versions of the 　13　 have been told.There are lots of paintings and sculptures 　14　 Saint George.The English flag,which is white with a red cross,is 　15　 as the Saint George’s Cross.Although it is an important day in the Christian calendar,it is a day which passes 　16　 in the UK.It is not a national holiday,　17　 is it a day with many celebrations.Now,organizations such as English Heritage are trying to 　18　 the British public to 　19　 England’s national day.Hopefully,their work will 　20　.?

　　(2024·福建永安質(zhì)檢)

　　1.A.Unfortunately B.Apparently

　　C.Shamefully D.Actually

　　2.A.forget B.realize

　　C.identify D.believe

　　3.A.essential B.possible

　　C.simple D.easy

　　4.A.fond B.tired

　　C.scared D.aware

　　5.A.charge B.leave

　　C.feed D.reserve

　　6.A.While B.As

　　C.Although D.If

　　7.A.still B.instead

　　C.too D.only

　　8.A.killed B.chosen

　　C.saved D.seized

　　9.A.providing B.preparing

　　C.lending D.offering

　　10.A.insisted B.commanded

　　C.swore D.admitted

　　11.A.looked for B.dealt with

　　C.got close to D.waited for

　　12.A.cross B.knife

　　C.sword D.arrow

　　13.A.festival B.dragon

　　C.story D.holiday

　　14.A.appreciating B.describing

　　C.praising D.informing

　　15.A.realized B.known

　　C.used D.shaped

　　16.A.silently B.unbearably

　　C.unnoticeably D.successfully

　　17.A.nor B.and

　　C.either D.even

　　18.A.encourage B.force

　　C.demand D.advise

　　19.A.remain B.celebrate

　　C.hold D.memorize

　　20.A.come out B.turn up

　　C.give in D.pay off

　　【文章大意】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了英國(guó)圣喬治日的由來(lái),鼓勵(lì)人們慶祝這個(gè)全國(guó)性的節(jié)日。

　　1.C　根據(jù)下文可知,圣喬治日是一個(gè)很值得紀(jì)念的節(jié)日,起源于英國(guó),而很多英國(guó)人卻不了解這個(gè)節(jié)日,對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)這是一件很令人羞愧的事。C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。unfortunately“不幸地”;apparently“明顯地”;shamefully“羞愧地”;actually“事實(shí)上”。

　　2.A　我們記得圣巴特里克節(jié)并且過(guò)這個(gè)節(jié)日,但是完全忘記了自己國(guó)家的節(jié)日。由第二句中的“No”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。

　　3.D　對(duì)“我”來(lái)說(shuō)很容易記住這個(gè)日子,因?yàn)檫@一天也是“我”祖母的生日。故選D項(xiàng)。

　　4.C　由下文“...every day they would 　5　 it with two sheep.　6　 there weren’t enough sheep,a child would be fed up to the dragon　7　!”可知,人們都很害怕這條龍,故選C項(xiàng)。?

　　5.C　每天他們都會(huì)向這條龍?zhí)峁﹥芍谎騺?lái)享用。下文“...a child would be fed to the dragon 　7　!”提示答案為C項(xiàng)。表示“用……喂……”用feed sb.with sth.或feed sth.to sb.。?

　　6.D　如果沒(méi)有足夠的羊,那么龍就會(huì)吃小孩子。此處為虛擬語(yǔ)氣,故選D項(xiàng)If,表示假設(shè)。

　　7.B　still“仍然”;instead“代替”;too“也”;only“只要”。小孩子是代替羊被龍吃掉的,故選B項(xiàng)。

　　8.B　由下文中的“and　10　his daughter must be fed to the dragon”可知,國(guó)王的女兒被選中了。B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。?

　　9.D　國(guó)王不希望自己的女兒被吃掉,便試著出錢(qián)給小鎮(zhèn)上的人們。offer sth.to sb./offer sb.sth.“向某人提供某物”,為固定搭配。

　　10.A　然而,市民們不要這筆錢(qián),堅(jiān)持把被選中的國(guó)王的女兒喂給龍吃。insist“堅(jiān)持”,后接賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。command“命令”;swear“保證”;admit“承認(rèn)”。

　　11.D　此處表示公主在湖邊等待龍來(lái)吃她。look for“尋找”;deal with“處理,解決”;get close to“接近”;wait for“等待”。

　　12.A　由最后一段第三句中的“Saint George’s Cross”可知,圣喬治是用十字架將龍殺死的,故選A項(xiàng)。cross“十字架”;knife“刀”;sword“劍”;arrow“箭”。

　　13.C　由第二段第二句中的“the legend”可知,此處指關(guān)于圣喬治日的由來(lái),這個(gè)“故事”被傳頌為很多不同版本,C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。festival“節(jié)日”;dragon“龍”;story“故事”;holiday“節(jié)日”。

　　14.B　還有很多描摹圣喬治的繪畫(huà)和雕塑,B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。appreciate“欣賞,感激”;describe“描摹,刻畫(huà)”;praise“表?yè)P(yáng)”;inform“提醒”。

　　15.B　英國(guó)的白底紅十字旗,是英格蘭守護(hù)神圣喬治的標(biāo)志,以圣喬治的十字架而聞名。be known as“以……而聞名”。