2024屆江蘇宿遷宿豫中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)精練：閱讀理解（2）
閱讀理解（2）
A
I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It is a huge city, with more people living in it than in my whole country
(Hungary，which has a population of 10 million). We rented a flat in a community, but there was a shanty town(貧民區(qū))quite near.
For several months I didn't have a car, so three times a week, I used public transportation to go to the city centre.During these trips, I would ride with the people who took the same bus from the shanty town to go to work.
When I got on the bus, all the seats were already taken.But when people saw that my bag was heavy (full of books),
they offered to hold it on their lap to make me feel lighter.
At first, I was shocked. Then I realized that these people had absolutely no intention to steal from me:
they only
wanted to help.
Once, on my way back, I had to wait for a long time at a bus stop. I was alone, except for a woman who was apparently very poor.
She carried a small paper bag of popcorn and nothing else.
While we were waiting, she walked over and offered me some popcorn. I thanked her, but didn't want to help myself to it.
She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was evidently her only food.
That was
the
first
time
I
thought
about
how people who have almost nothing,
are sometimes able to share what they have much more “easily”
than those who own a lot.I wonder if it's true that the more you have,
the bigger the burden is，and the more difficult to share anything with others.
I was so moved by that woman's simple generosity that day. I clearly had more than she did, but she naturally and joyfully shared what she had with me nevertheless.
1．Where did the author live?
A. In Hungary.
B. In the centre of Sao Paulo.
C. In a shanty town of Sao Paulo.
D. In a community near to a shanty town.
2．Why the author were shocked when people offered to help carry his heavy bag at first?
A. Because they would borrow his important books.
B. Because he hadn't met this kind of things.
C. Because they weren't familiar with him
D. Because he thought they would steal his books.
3．What happened at the bus stop on the author's way home?
A. A poor woman ate popcorn without inviting him.
B. A poor woman insisted on sharing her popcorn with him.
C. He offered a poor woman some popcorn to eat.
D. He provided his books to a poor woman to read.
4．From the passage，we know that________.
A．sharing things with rich people brings opportunities to earn money
B．people who have almost nothing must be the most generous people
C．sharing things with other people doesn't depend on whether you are rich or poor
D．people who own a lot must be the most generous people
[文章大意] 本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在巴西的圣保羅生活時(shí)，遇見的那些善良的人和那些感人的事情。
1．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil.”和“We rented a flat in a community, but there was a shanty town(貧民區(qū))quite near.”可知，作者居住在巴西圣保羅的一個(gè)社區(qū)，但離一個(gè)貧民區(qū)很近。
2．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Then I realized that these people had absolutely no intention to steal from me：they only wanted to help.”我意識(shí)到這些人完全沒(méi)有要偷我的東西的意圖，他們只是想幫助我。可知，作者剛開始感到震驚是因?yàn)樗`解了這些人，以為他們要偷他的書。
3．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中的“She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was evidently her only food.”可知答案選B項(xiàng)。
4．C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是最后兩段可知，與別人分享東西，與貧富無(wú)關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)。
B
“Indeed，” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.”
But the father of America was not the father of
bug. When Washington wrote
that,
Englishmen
had
been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug (熒火蟲). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan
became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is，“to install(安裝) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”，
and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as
“l(fā)ittle problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a(chǎn) bug’ in his invented record player.”
5．We learn from Paragraph 1 that
________.
A. Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
B. George Washington was the first person to call an insect
a bug
C. the word bug was still popularly used in England in the
nineteenth century
D. both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in
the eighteenth century
6．What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Explanation. B. Finding.
C. Origin.
D. Fault.
7．The passage is mainly concerned with
________.
A. the misunderstanding of the word bug
B. the development of the word bug
C. the public views of the word bug
D. the special characteristics of the word bug
[文章大意]'本文為說(shuō)明文，題材為社會(huì)文化，主要介紹了bug這一單詞詞義的發(fā)展過(guò)程。
5．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知在18世紀(jì)前美國(guó)人和英國(guó)人都使用bug這一單詞，故選D項(xiàng)。
6．D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“In 1878 he explained bugs...to overcome in developing a successful product”可推斷flaw的意思可能是“缺陷，毛病，問(wèn)題”，故選D。explanation解釋；finding調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)；origin起源，由來(lái)。
7．B。推理判斷題。通讀全文可知。
C
For as much as I love nature, it's remarkable that I grew up in a family that didn't spend a lot of time there. The Ludlows weren't campers, hikers, or beachgoers.
That's not to say we didn't go outdoors.
We just didn't stay there long.
My dad's favorite way to relax was to sit on the patio(露臺(tái)) with a glass of iced tea. He'd preside over his freshly mowed lawn,
enjoy the birds and watch for the fox. But when the sun went down, he went inside.
Lots of kids grow up gazing at the stars, knowing the constellations(星座).
Me? I never noticed the stars.
In my early childhood, the darkening shadow of evening was the signal that it was time to hightail it home from the park on my bike.
Then I met the sky.
I saw it the summer before my seventh grade when we took a family trip to Wyoming. In my mental photo album, I feel the mist of Old Faithful, I smell the store where my dad bought a cowboy hat and I shiver in my sleeping bag on the overnight rafting trip down the Snake River.
One night, Dad had arranged for us to sleep in a tepee.When the flames died down after our campfire dinner, he kept my little sister,
Sara,
Mom,
and me outside, wrapped us in blankets and told us to look up, wait, and watch.
As my eyes adjusted, the stars appeared.
The black was filled with white. Dad revealed the universe.
Decades later,
I
crave walks
in the
woods,
I
love
to
sit by a lake for hours, and a sunset mesmerizes(使著迷) me.And everywhere I go, I look up and search for the heaven I saw that night. I haven't yet to see that sky again, so utterly aglow.
I don't know whether that's because my kid memory blew it out of proportion or because our lit-up world makes seeing the true sky all but impossible. I just know I haven't stopped looking.
1．Which of the following can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．The Ludlows like travelling and camping.
B．The Ludlows never go out to nature.
C．The author has a love for nature because of his family.
D．It's noticeable for a nature lover to be born into the Ludlows.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．That night sky in Wyoming impressed the author.
B．The author has no chance to walk in the woods decades later.
C．Few kids grow up gazing at the stars and knowing the universe.
D．The author has to give up his search of the sky he met in Wyoming.
3. What's the autor's main purpose in writing the text?
A．To look back on her childhood.
B．To express how much she is attached to her father.
C．To declare how much she loves nature in Old Faithful.
D．To recall an inspiring summer night spent gazing at the sky.
[文章大意] 作者講述了一個(gè)夏天的晚上與父親一起凝望星空的感人故事。
1．D。推理判斷題。由第一段中的“For as much as I love nature, it's remarkable that I grew up in a family that didn't spend a lot of time there.”可推知D項(xiàng)正確。 remarkable意為“值得注意的”，與D項(xiàng)中的noticeable對(duì)應(yīng)。
2．A。推理判斷題。由文章最后兩段的內(nèi)容可推知，在Wyoming凝望天空的那個(gè)夜晚給作者留下了深刻的印象，故選A項(xiàng)。
3．D。寫作意圖題。文中作者主要回憶了在Old Faithful的一個(gè)夜晚與父親一起凝望天空的事，故選D項(xiàng)。
D
Deciding whether to lend money to a friend or family member is tough.
On the one hand, you want to help a person you care about, but on the other hand, you wonder if it is really a good idea to lend money to this person. The two main things to remember when deciding whether or not to lend money are to think before you do it and not to lend money that you need yourself.
First, realize that you don't need to feel guilty if you don't want to lend your money to anyone, even a friend or
relative. If there is a reason behind the guilt, for example, they did something for you and helped you out when you
needed it then you may really want to lend them money. If you have the money and want to do it, then you can do it.
If you do decide that you want to lend money, be sure to write up an agreement. Whether it's your sister or the best friend you've known for decades, a clear agreement signed by both parties is important. It's not a matter of trust, but a
clear understanding of what is expected. The agreement should have dates and specific amounts for repayment.
If you are low on money yourself, you simply may not be in the position to lend money.
You really should never lend money that you need yourself. If something happens and your friend
or family member can't pay back the money, you've put yourself in a dangerous position.
A friend or relative that cares about you should understand that and not make you feel pressured to lend money to him or her.
Many financial experts say that the only circumstance in which a person should ever lend money is that they really don't need the funds and really won't expect the money back.
Otherwise the lender is at risk. You can also decide on the reason for the money. A single mom struggling between paychecks is one thing, while money needed to buy a big-screen TV is a totally different thing.
1.We can learn from the passage that ________.
A.
deciding whether to lend money to your best friend or your sister is easy
B. you should feel guilty if you don't want to lend your money to a friend
C．if you are low on money yourself you don't need to lend money to others
D. a relative that cares about you won't understand your not lending money to them
2.What may be included in an agreement according to the passage?
?、賒ates for repayment
?、趕pecific amounts for repayment
③measures for not repaying
?、躶ignature of a judge
A．
B．
C．
D．
3.Many financial experts advise that a person can lend others money when ________.
A．he doesn't need the money now and in the future
B．he still expects the money back in the near future
C．his friend needs his help to buy a big-screen TV
D．his family members promise to pay back more
4.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A．How to Help a Friend or Family Member in Trouble?
B．Should You Lend Money to a Friend or Family Member?
C．Financial Experts' Advice
on Helping Others
D. Financial Experts' Advice on Lending Money
[文章大意] 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，就是否應(yīng)該借給朋友或親戚金錢的問(wèn)題展開說(shuō)明。
1．C?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“If you are low on money yourself，you
simply may not be in the position to lend money.”可知，選項(xiàng)C為答案，其余選項(xiàng)與原文不符。
2．A?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中第三段最后一句話“The agreement should
have dates and specific amounts for repayment.”可知，答案為A。
3．A?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，當(dāng)你自己不需要資金并且你不十分期盼資金的償還，這時(shí)可以考慮借給別人資金。故選A。
4．B?？疾闃?biāo)題判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文主要是說(shuō)是否應(yīng)該借給朋友或親戚金錢的問(wèn)題，A選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容寬泛，C、D選項(xiàng)側(cè)重于金融專家的建議，都有點(diǎn)片面，且C項(xiàng)中的Helping Others過(guò)于寬泛，故選B。
