【金版教程】2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)訓(xùn)練：3-2-4 定語(yǔ)從句b（含解析）
建議用時(shí)：60分鐘
.語(yǔ)法填空
A．單句語(yǔ)法填空
在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
1．[2024·江蘇四市一模]In 2024, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China ________ almost each person could benefit from in life.
答案：as 考查定語(yǔ)從句用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格后缺少“from”的賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞由“such”修飾，故應(yīng)填關(guān)系代詞as。
2．[2024·安徽安慶一中四模]I'll never forget such a beautiful village ________ I spent my childhood there with my grandparents.
答案：because 考查狀語(yǔ)從句。本題表面上考查定語(yǔ)從句，而細(xì)分析會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，也不缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“there”，而空前名詞也是表地點(diǎn)，因此不會(huì)考查定語(yǔ)從句，而是考查狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)前后句邏輯關(guān)系可知答案。
3．[2024·安徽六校聯(lián)考二]The naughty boy hid himself behind the door, from ________ he could hear what we talked about clearly.
答案：where 考查定語(yǔ)從句用法。從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)，從from看后面缺少賓語(yǔ)，而根據(jù)語(yǔ)意我們可以看出，此空格表示“behind the door”的意思，故應(yīng)填where。
4．[2024·北京東城區(qū)期末]Mr.Sawyer started his career at Stanfor University, ________ he became Professor of Physics in 2002.
答案：where 考查定語(yǔ)從句。從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，故填where。
5．[2024·北京海淀區(qū)期末]The glorious moment would live in my mind ________ our football team won the championship.
答案：when 考查定語(yǔ)從句用法。從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知，先行詞是“the moment”表示時(shí)間，故填關(guān)系副詞when。
6．[2024·北京石景山區(qū)一模]Beijing successfully held the 2024 APEC meeting, ________ won high praise from the member countries.
答案：which 考查定語(yǔ)從句用法。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞指的是上文中的整個(gè)句子，故填關(guān)系代詞which。
7．[2024·廣東惠州三模]One day the city mouse, ________ lived in a big house wrote a letter to the country mouse inviting him for a visit.
答案：who 考查定語(yǔ)從句用法。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞從表面上看表示物，而根據(jù)下文可知，此處已經(jīng)擬人化，故應(yīng)填who。
8．[2024·山西太原模擬]________ can be seen, the mask soon became popular around the area among older consumers, ________ led masks to be defined as a special symbol of Chinese Dama by many netizens.
答案：As; which 第一空處As can be seen為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“正如所看到的”，因此填A(yù)s；第二空應(yīng)代替前面整句話的內(nèi)容，故填which。
9．[2024·福建廈門(mén)質(zhì)檢]On her birthday she received a present from her friend ________ which a note was attached, saying “Wish you happy and healthy！”
答案：to 考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，但which在空格后，可知，此處應(yīng)該填介詞，根據(jù)“be attached to”可知，此空填介詞to。
10．[2024·四川雅安重點(diǎn)中學(xué)月考]—When did you see the sponsor, Madam?
—It was on the weekend ________ I was doing some shopping with my husband.
答案：when 考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。從結(jié)構(gòu)表面上看似乎考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，但句意表示的答非所問(wèn)，故應(yīng)該是定語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞表時(shí)間，故填when。
B．語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
[2024·黑龍江大慶質(zhì)檢二]Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I __1__ (live) in the heart of a city. The rent for my apartment was really cheap __2__ it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town. People who visited me used to ask me __3__ I could sleep. “Doesn't the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to __4__ much noise？” You see, there were also rows and rows of shops and bars playing loud music day and night and my apartment was above a really loud and noisy __5__. But I found it all fascinating. If I were ever short __6__ cash and couldn't afford to do anything much, which in those days was usually the case, I could always go outside and take __7__ look around. You see, there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops，so I could always find someone __8__(interest) to talk with. And Joe, the owner of the bar below me, could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for __9__ (do) a few odd jobs for him. At the time, I suppose, I thought I was poor. Sometimes, we don't realize how ____10____ (fortune)we are, do we?
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
作者是一個(gè)窮困潦倒的畫(huà)家，住在嘈雜的鬧市區(qū)。難以繼日時(shí)，Joe會(huì)施以援手，這讓作者感到非常幸運(yùn)。
1．lived 考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。本文描述的是多年前的事，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
2．because 考查連詞?！拔摇钡墓⒌姆孔夂鼙阋耍?yàn)椤拔摇弊≡谧罘泵χ坏慕謪^(qū)里。
3．how 考查引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“外邊是繁忙的街區(qū)，那我是怎樣睡著的？”。
4．so 考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。so much＋不可數(shù)名詞“如此多的……”。
5．one 考查代詞?！拔摇弊〉墓⒃谝粋€(gè)很吵鬧的商店/酒吧上面。one代指商店或酒吧。
6．of 考查介詞。be short of“缺少/短缺……”。
7．a(chǎn) 考查固定短語(yǔ)。take a look“看一看”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
8．interesting 考查形容詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“我找到某個(gè)有趣的人去交談”。
9．doing 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞“for”后應(yīng)跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式。
10．fortunate 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此空應(yīng)填其形容詞形式。
?、?完形填空
[2024·江西南昌調(diào)研測(cè)試]I felt very depressed the other day. The weather had been dark and rainy, and I just didn't feel so __1__.
As I was sitting at my desk, I __2__ it was the birthday of a dear long-time friend—a single, middle-aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loving her __3__.
Knowing that she didn't have family in town, I __4__ to give her a call. Sure enough, she was on her shift, __5__ to work late into the evening, and wouldn't have __6__ of a birthday this year. As always, though, she __7__ cheerful and was happy that I __8__.
After I hung up, I couldn't __9__ the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day. __10__ feeling a little depressed myself, I tried to put it out of my mind, but as the day passed, I couldn't shake the thought. I __11__ gave in, and set off to the hospital with a card, a cheese cake, and some balloons that evening. My friend's grateful smile and joyful surprise __12__ me that I'd done the right thing, and they were a generous __13__ for the little effort it had taken.
When I got home, I realized that not only had I cheered up a __14__ friend on her birthday, but my own negative feelings had also disappeared. Making her day had __15__ my own! Isn't that the way it is __16__ we take the time and make the __17__ to do something for someone else? It's just like the saying，“Loving kindness is twice blessed; it blesses him who gives, and him who __18__.”
Cheering up people on their birthdays isn't the only thing we can do to make their day. Life constantly presents us with __19__ to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a difference to __20__. And the wonderful thing is that as we do, it changes things for the better for us too.
作者講述了在自己心情不好的一天給一個(gè)從事護(hù)士職業(yè)的朋友過(guò)生日而得到的感悟：生活總是為我們提供機(jī)會(huì)，讓我們多邁出一步或者做一件對(duì)別人有影響的善事。
1．A.special B．positive
C．nervous D．scared
答案：B 根據(jù)空格前的“I felt very depressed the other day.The weather had been dark and rainy”可知，“我”的心情不好，positive“樂(lè)觀的”，符合語(yǔ)境。
2．A.explained B．complained
C．remembered D．informed
答案：C 當(dāng)“我”坐在書(shū)桌前的時(shí)候，記起了一個(gè)朋友的生日。故選C項(xiàng)。
3．A.family B．training
C．work D．school
答案：C 根據(jù)空格前的“who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing”可知，她從事護(hù)士職業(yè)30年，說(shuō)明她很喜歡自己的工作(work)。故選C項(xiàng)。
4．A.decided B．continued
C．a(chǎn)greed D．refused
答案：A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處用decided表示“我決定給她打個(gè)電話”。故選A項(xiàng)。
5．A.surprised B．disappointed
C．bored D．prepared
答案：D 根據(jù)前面的“Sure enough, she was on her shift”可知，這是她的當(dāng)班時(shí)間，她準(zhǔn)備工作到晚上。故選D項(xiàng)。
6．A.much B．many
C．little D．few
答案：A 此處表示“不會(huì)有太多的時(shí)間過(guò)生日”。many和few用來(lái)修飾或替代可數(shù)名詞，故排除。little本身含有否定的意思，在此處可排除，故選much。
7．A.sounded B．looked
C．grew D．found
答案：A “我”打電話給她，她聽(tīng)上去很高興。故選A項(xiàng)。
8．A.admitted B．called
C．succeeded D．a(chǎn)pologized
答案：B 參見(jiàn)上題解析。選B項(xiàng)。
9．A.experience B．imagine
C．shake D．understand
答案：C 此處表示“我沒(méi)法去除這種感覺(jué)”，應(yīng)用shake“去除，擺脫”。故選C項(xiàng)。
10．A.Almost B．Even
C．Never D．Still
答案：D 此處用“Still”表明作者仍然感到沮喪，與文章開(kāi)頭相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。
11．A.luckily B．finally
C．unhappily D．hardly
答案：B “我”的心情沮喪，“我”盡力去清理掉這種心情，但是經(jīng)過(guò)一天的時(shí)間，還是沒(méi)能擺脫，最終“我”屈服了。finally“最后，終于”，故選B項(xiàng)。
12．A.convinced B．a(chǎn)dvised
C．promised D．reminded
答案：A 根據(jù)空格前面的“My friend's grateful smile and joyful surprise”和空格后面的“I'd done the right thing”可知，朋友的神情讓“我”確信自己做對(duì)了。convince“使確信”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
13．A.response B．contribution
C．reward D．share
答案：C 她的笑容和驚喜使“我”確信“我”做對(duì)了，這也是對(duì)“我”慷慨的回報(bào)(reward)。故選C項(xiàng)。
14．A.careless B．lonely
C．weak D．curious
答案：B 由前文的“a single, middle-aged woman”和“she didn't have family in town”可知，作者的朋友是孤獨(dú)的。故選B項(xiàng)。
15．A.troubled B．taken
C．wasted D．made
答案：D 讓這位孤獨(dú)的朋友快樂(lè)的同時(shí)，又掃除了作者的沮喪，所以說(shuō)“Making her day had made my own”。故選D項(xiàng)。
16．A.when B．where
C．why D．how
答案：A 從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)境看，此處應(yīng)該用引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞，表示“當(dāng)我們花費(fèi)時(shí)間為別人努力做一些事情的時(shí)候”。故選A項(xiàng)。
17．A.suggestion B．money
C．effort D．call
答案：C 參見(jiàn)上題解析。make the effort to do sth.“努力做某事”。
18．A.tries B．receives
C．expects D．cares
答案：B 根據(jù)空格前的“gives”可知，應(yīng)用receives與gives相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
19．A.opportunities B．dreams
C．choices D．regrets
答案：A 生活總是為我們提供機(jī)會(huì)。opportunity“機(jī)會(huì)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
20．A.someone B．something
C．everyone D．everything
答案：A 生活總是為我們提供機(jī)會(huì)，讓我們多邁出一步或者做一件對(duì)他人產(chǎn)生影響的善事。故選A項(xiàng)。
.閱讀理解
[2024·吉林長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢二]When I asked my mother-in-law to select which meals she'd like me to order from the home-delivery menu, she only chose the ones her husband would like. This goes way beyond politeness. She is actually feeling uncomfortable voicing what she wants. She developed the main symptom of Asker's Syndrome that one's unable to ask for what one wants.
It's not just older women who have this problem. Asker's Syndrome can strike the young. I have single friends who won't ask a man out on a date because they fear being considered “too forward”. My five-year-old daughter Violet is showing the early stages of Asker's Syndrome. She's learned that women don't ask, but rather drop hints. She'll say，“Remember last Sunday afternoon we went to the park？” rather than “Can we go to the park？”
Apart from women and girls' problematic relationship with appetite， food and dating, it's widely reported that women are less likely than men to ask for pay rises and promotions.
Instead, they withdraw， hoping that somebody else will decide they are worthy and make them promoted.
No doubt, many women develop Asker's Syndrome as a defensive measure because they've been labeled as pushy or rude for simply asking for what they want. But in the long term， choosing not to express our desires doesn't serve us well.
It's time to cure ourselves and our girls of Asker's Syndrome. I don't want to raise a future “mother” who denies her wish for food, power and success and anything else. So I now insist that my daughter ask for what she wants directly.
For women in our culture, asking is a skill that we need to learn and practice. And if we all do it, then women asking will become the norm rather than the exception.
本文作者通過(guò)事例來(lái)告訴我們Asker's Syndrome的癥狀是什么，并且提出自己的看法，鼓勵(lì)女士們勇于發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)，說(shuō)出自己真正想要的。
1. The author's mother-in-law is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．introduce the old lady B．set an example
C．talk about her illness D．lead in a topic
答案：D 考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)。本文講的是Asker's Syndrome的癥狀是什么，文章一開(kāi)始就通過(guò)“mother-in-law”在點(diǎn)菜的時(shí)候沒(méi)有說(shuō)出自己真正想要的菜的這個(gè)例子來(lái)引出話題。故選D項(xiàng)。
2．Which is TRUE about Asker's Syndrome according to the passage?
A．It often causes problems with appetite and food.
B．Older women develop more of its symptoms.
C．More women suffer from it than men in their career.
D．It strikes only female victims as reported.
答案：C 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“it's widely reported that women are less likely than men to ask for pay rises and promotions”可知，女士與男士相比不太敢在加薪和升職方面提要求，即在事業(yè)方面更多的女士遭受Asker's Syndrome的折磨。故選C項(xiàng)。
3．The author holds the view that ________.
A．others decide whether we are worthy
B．choosing not to ask is a protective measure
C．a(chǎn)sking for what is wanted is rude
D．Asker's Syndrome should be cured
答案：D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段的第一句“It's time to cure ourselves and our girls of Asker's Syndrome”可知，作者認(rèn)為Asker's Syndrome應(yīng)該被改正。故選D項(xiàng)。
4．The passage is written to ________.
A．list symptoms of Asker's Syndrome
B．encourage women to express their desires
C．explain the causes of refusing to ask
D．suggest ways to ask for more
