2024屆重慶市高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解選編精練：83（含解析）

　　重慶市2024高考英語閱讀理解選編（83）（附解析）

　　【2024模擬題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Scientists recently found three animal species living two miles below the surface of the Mediterranean Sea, where the super-salty waters don’t have oxygen(氧). They’re multicellular(多細(xì)胞的), which means their bodies have many cells. They each are as small as a large grain of sand. But they are animals.

　　The most exciting thing about these creatures, say the scientists, is that they obviously don’t need oxygen to live. What biologists know about life so far is that only single-celled living things can live in places that have no oxygen, and that multicellular organisms(有機(jī)物) can visit these places, but not live there. These newly found creatures could change that idea.

　　Finding animals down there was so surprising that the scientists couldn’t believe it. At first, “we thought they were dead bodies,” Roberto Danovaro, a scientist at the Polytechnic University of Marche in Ancona, Italy, told Science News. To find out whether the animals could actually live there Danovaro and his colleagues brought up more samples(樣本) from the ocean floor. Studying the animals in the new samples showed that they appeared to be alive.

　　The researchers did more tests, and found that some of the animals had eggs—which suggests they were reproducing(繁殖). Also in the samples were old skins, suggesting that the animals had lived there long enough to grow. Finally, pictures taken showed that the insides of the animals appear to be adapted to live in an environment that has no oxygen.

　　These clues suggest the animals don’t need oxygen, but the evidence(證據(jù)) is indirect, which means that scientists still have not observed how the animals live without oxygen. This means more studies are needed, but the scientists think they’re on the right track. And if they’re right, biologists will need to rethink what they know about where animals live.

　　What excited the scientists most is that______.

　　A.they found three animal species visit the salty water under the Mediterranean Sea

　　B.single-celled animals can live in super-salty waters

　　C.the tiny animals have many cells

　　D.three kinds of animals can live in places that have no oxygen

　　The underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 means the scientists could think _____.

　　A.only single-celled creatures don’t need oxygen to live

　　B.multicellular animals can visit the super-salty waters

　　C.the newly found creatures can’t live in the super-salty waters

　　D.multicellular animals also can live without oxygen besides single-celled ones

　　Which of the following CAN’T be used to prove the newly found creatures can live in super-salty waters?

　　A.Their dead bodies are found there.

　　B.Some in the samples have eggs.

　　C.Some old skins are found in the samples.

　　D.The pictures of their insides have been taken.

　　More studies are needed to prove_____.

　　A.where single-celled animals can live

　　B.how the newly found animals live without oxygen

　　C.whether the multicellular creatures can live underwater

　　D.why the super-salty waters have no oxygen

　　文章介紹了科學(xué)家在深海沒有氧氣的水中發(fā)現(xiàn)了三種多細(xì)胞的動(dòng)物，并為他們是否能真正的在如此的環(huán)境中生存進(jìn)行了大量的試驗(yàn)。

　　1.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段可知科學(xué)家在深海中發(fā)現(xiàn)了三種生物，最讓他們興奮的是這三種多細(xì)胞動(dòng)物竟然是生活在沒有氧氣的水中。

　　2.D。句意理解題。第二段中說到科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為只有單細(xì)胞的動(dòng)物才可以在沒有氧氣的水中生存。多細(xì)胞動(dòng)物只能到達(dá)這樣的環(huán)境卻不能在這樣的環(huán)境中生存。所以這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)可能改變科學(xué)家們原來的觀點(diǎn)。

　　3.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的內(nèi)容可知：在所取得的樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了有的動(dòng)物有卵；也發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們退去的陳舊的皮膚；他們體內(nèi)的照片也發(fā)現(xiàn)他們適應(yīng)了沒有氧氣的環(huán)境。所有這些都間接地證明了這些

　　動(dòng)物是不需要氧氣的。

　　4.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句目前的證據(jù)都是間接的，要想證明這些動(dòng)物是如何在沒有氧氣的情況下生存還需要進(jìn)一步的試驗(yàn)。

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Britain’s long-term unemployed could be forced to carry out manual work or risk losing their welfare benefits under plans being put forward by the government.

　　The U. S. -style scheme would see the long-term jobless ordered to take up four-week placements in order to get them used to having a full-time job.

　　The idea is part of major reforms, due to be unveiled this week, to make cuts to Britain’s huge welfare bill, reduce dependency on benefits and weed out those earning money but not declaring it, papers said.

　　“What we are talking about here is people who have not been used to working having both the opportunity and perhaps a bit more of a push as well, to experience the workplace from time to time. The vast majority of people in Britain will think that is the right thing to do. ”Foreign Secretary William Hague told BBC TV.

　　Shortly after the Conservative-Liberal Democrat Union took power in May, Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith unveiled plans to simplify the complex web of benefits available to reduce errors and inefficiencies.

　　Duncan Smith said the system had become regressive and was not giving people the right encouragement to work as many were financially better off unemployed.

　　Under his plans, separate benefits for items such as housing, income support or disability will be replaced by a“universal credit”system whereby(靠那個(gè))individual households would get a single welfare payment to ensure those in work would be better off.

　　The Observer newspaper said that in return, long-term unemployed would be told to take up work placements of at least 30 hours a week for a four-week period.

　　If they refuse or fail to complete the programme, their jobseekers’ allowance, worth 64. 30 pounds a week for those over 25, could be stopped for at least three months.

　　【文章大意】由于英國的福利過高, 再加上近年來的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)造成的高失業(yè)率, 越來越多的英國人不愿再去勞心費(fèi)力地工作, 干脆賴在家里向政府伸手要錢。當(dāng)局為了減少養(yǎng)“好逸惡勞者”的經(jīng)費(fèi), 出臺(tái)強(qiáng)制性勞動(dòng)方案, 要求失業(yè)的人從事勞力工作, 以此督促他們積極尋找工作。

　　1. What will the unemployed with welfare benefits face if the major reform takes effect?

　　A. They will lose their welfare benefits if they don’t work.

　　B. They will be encouraged to buy their own farms.

　　C. They will do some kinds of jobs.

　　D. Either A or C.

　　【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段第一句話的carry out manual work or risk losing their welfare benefits說明在新政下“懶漢”們面臨的兩種選擇。

　　2. What will most British people think of the new reform according to William Hague?

　　A. They are against it since the unemployed are poor.

　　B. They are for it since the unemployed should keep fit.

　　C. They are for it since it’s unfair for the employed and unemployed.

　　D. They don’t care as there’re a few unemployed people having welfare benefits.

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。第四段中The vast majority of people in Britain will think that is the right thing to do. 說明絕大多數(shù)英國人支持新政。

　　4. The underlined word in Paragraph 6 most likely means　.

　　A. well-receivedB. far-reaching

　　C. old-fashioned

　　D. live-and-let-live

　　【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。從該詞所在句的was not giving people the right encouragement to work可知即將取消的措施就要過時(shí)了。

　　. What is the aim of Britain’s major reform for the long-term unemployed?

　　A. To reduce the cost of welfare bill with healthy economy system.

　　B. To make them healthier and save cost in medical care.

　　C. To help more people go through financial crisis.

　　D. To increase pay and bonus for those employed.

　　【解析】選A。主旨大意題。第三段的to make cuts to Britain’s huge welfare bill是直接目的, 最終的目的還是要建立合理健康的福利制度體系。

　　【長春市普通高中2024屆高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測（一）】 C

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。There’s a “culture of walking and texting” on the Utah Valley University campus, according to conversations with students, but that’s not the main reason Matt Bambrough, the creative director at UVU, came up with an idea to paint a “texting lane” on a staircase leading up to the Wellness Center.

　　According to Bambrough, it’s first and foremost a design project—the texting lane was a tongue-in-cheek（戲謔）reference to the college-wide epidemic（流行）of kids walking around with their faces buried in their iPhones.

　　“You have 18–24-year-olds walking down the hall with smart phones. You’re almost bound to run into someone somewhere; it’s something we’re dealing with in this day and age,” Bambrough said. “But preventing collisions isn’t the reason we did it—we did it to arouse the students’ attention. It’s meant to be there for people to look at and enjoy.”

　　Still, when talking to Utah Valley students, it sounds like texting and walking can be quite the annoyance.

　　Robbie Poffenberger, an assistant news editor at the UVU Review, said that most collisions he witnesses aren’t human-on-human; rather, it’s generally human-on-inanimate-object. “They walk into barriers—chairs on the side of the hallway, or railings,” Poffenberger said, “I’m sure they’re fairly embarrassed.”

　　1. What do we learn about the “texting lane” from the text?

　　A. It is a special campus culture in Utah Valley University.

　　B. It is used to encourage the campus culture.

　　C. It is painted on a staircase leading to everywhere.

　　D. It is popular with students in universities.

　　2. According to Bambrough, ______.

　　A. the “texting lane” is to attract students’ attention

　　B. we don’t have to face the problem in this age

　　C. what they did is to prevent the collisions

　　D. students enjoy looking at each other

　　3. How do students feel about texting and walking?

　　A. They are worried.

　　B. They are annoyed.

　　C. They are puzzled.

　　D. They are surprised.

　　4. What would most students run into from what Robbie said?

　　A. Students in the same direction.

　　B. Teachers opposite to them.

　　C. Barriers on campus.

　　D. Grass on campus.

　　C篇：【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。講述的是低頭黨的福音：美國校園設(shè)玩手機(jī)專用人行道，這個(gè)校園里存在著一種“且行且短你（一邊走一邊短信）”的特殊校園文化。

　　.A【命題立意】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。考查學(xué)生通過閱讀文章獲得信息或?qū)で蠹?xì)節(jié)的能力。

　　【試題解析】根據(jù)文章第一段“but that’s not the main reason”，排除B；根據(jù)“paint a ‘texting lane’ on a staircase leading up to the Wellness Center.”，排除C；根據(jù)“Still, when talking to Utah Valley students, it sounds like texting and walking can be quite the annoyance.”，排除D，故答案為A。

　　.A【命題立意】細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W(xué)生通過閱讀文章獲得信息或?qū)で蠹?xì)節(jié)的能力。

　　【試題解析】從文章第三段的“we did it to arouse the students ’attention”可知，答案為A。

　　3.B【命題立意】推理判斷題?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)文章提供的事實(shí)和線索邏輯推理的能力。

　　【試題解析】根據(jù)文章第四段“it sounds like texting and walking can be quite the annoyance.”可知，答案為B。

　　.C【命題立意】細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W(xué)生通過閱讀文章獲得信息或?qū)で蠹?xì)節(jié)的能力。

　　【試題解析】從文章中的“most collisions he witnesses aren’t human-on-human; rather, it’s generally human-on-inanimate-object.”和“They walk into barriers”可知，答案為C。If you are interested to find a part-time job or learn something different during your spare time,you can have a look at the following jobs offered by the DC Public Library.

　　Teens of Distinction Program

　　The DC Public Library offers part-time jobs for teens through the Teens of Distinction Program.Teens work 10-12 hours per week all year long,helping the library with important tasks and projects.The Teens of Distinction Program is now hiring!To apply,you have to:

　　●be a DC resident

　　●have and maintain at least a 2.5 grade point average

　　●be 16 to 18 years old

　　●be able to work 10-12 hours per week

　　●be able to work for DCPL for at least 9 months

　　Oh,and of course you have to impress us with your wonderful personality!

　　Teen Volunteer Opportunities

　　If you want to earn community service hours for school,Youth202 is a good choice.

　　Youth202 is a radio program created by youth and for youth.You can learn radio production skills,interview people around you,and help keep other teens to learn news,events,and anything else you think is important.

　　Summer Youth Employment Program(SYEP)

　　Every summer,teens can work here to help library customers organize books and learn lots of new skills,such as program planning,writing and media production.

　　On Friday,January 25 at 12:15 pm,the application for the 2024 SYEP will be open to teens between the ages of 14 and 21.

　　Applications will be processed on a first-come,first-served basis.Space is limited this year,so teens are encouraged to apply early,and remember not to miss the deadline,Saturday,February 16.

　　【文章大意】本文主要講了特區(qū)公共圖書館給青少年提供了一些業(yè)余時(shí)間的兼職工作,主要有青少年區(qū)分計(jì)劃、青少年志愿者機(jī)會(huì)和夏季青少年就業(yè)計(jì)劃三種不同的工作類型,并且分別提出各自工作的申請要求。

　　1.Working for the Teens of Distinction Program,teenagers will 　.?

　　①become a DC resident

　?、趙ork 10-12 hours per week

　　③work for DCPL for at least 9 months

　　④have a wonderful personality

　　A.③④　B.

　　C.①②③ D.①③④

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段后面提出的進(jìn)入青少年區(qū)分計(jì)劃的要求可知,為青少年區(qū)分計(jì)劃工作,青少年將會(huì):每周要工作10~12個(gè)小時(shí),至少工作9個(gè)月。

　　答案:B

　　2.Who has the biggest chance to work for the 2024 SYEP?

　　A.A teenager who applies early.

　　B.A teenager who is popular.

　　C.A teenager who is smart.

　　D.A teenager who gets high grades in exams.

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“Applications will be processed on a first-come,first-served basis.”可知:進(jìn)入夏季青少年就業(yè)計(jì)劃工作機(jī)會(huì)最大的青少年應(yīng)該是申請最早的人。

　　答案:A

　　3.The aim of the text is to 　.?

　　A.introduce the DC Public Library

　　B.describe the job of library workers

　　C.offer teenagers part-time jobs in the DC Public Library

　　D.teach how to apply for part-time jobs

　　解析:主旨推斷題。本文主要講了特區(qū)公共圖書館給青少年提供了一些在業(yè)余時(shí)間做的兼職工作,并且分別介紹了青少年區(qū)分計(jì)劃、青少年志愿者機(jī)會(huì)和夏季青少年就業(yè)計(jì)劃這三種不同的工作類型以及招聘要求。