2024屆重慶市高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解選編精練：84（含解析）

　　重慶市2024高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解選編（84）（附解析）

　　【2024高考模擬題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Tony Morrison has won this year’s Nobel Prize for Literature. Tony Morrison is sixty-two years old. She was born in Lorain, Ohio. She is the daughter of farmers who moved to Ohio from the southern state of Alabama. She studied at Harvard University in Washington D.C. and Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.

　　Her first success came in 1970 with the book called The Bluest Eye. It tells the story of a young black girl in a society where golden hair and blue eyes are considered beautiful. Her next book was called Sulla. It tells the story of two black girls and pain in their lives as they grow up in a small town in Ohio. Her book The Song of Solomon is about a black man who tries to forget his past as a slave and begin a new life. And Tar Baby explores the relationship of a black man and a black woman. In the story the writer argues that black men and women can not get along with each other until they join together to fight racial hatred(種族仇視).

　　Miss Morrison won America’s highest prize for literature, the Pulitzer Prize in 1988 for her book Beloved .It is a powerful story of a slave woman who kills her baby daughter so she will not grow up to be a slave, too. Her latest book Jazz was published last year. It tells about the sad stories in the lives of a black man and woman who moved from a small town in the south to New York City. It took place in the 1920s,a time when Jazz music became popular in America.

　　Tony Morrison is a professor in literature at Princeton University in New Jersey. She says the most wonderful thing about winning the Nobel Prize is that it has finally been awarded to an African American writer. The prize is valued at more than 800 000 dollars. It will be awarded on Dec.10 in Stockholm in Sweden.

　　1. From the passage, we can see_________.

　　A. Morrison is the first woman writer to win the Nobel Prize

　　B. The Bluest Eye tells the story of two black girls

　　C. the Blacks lived a hard life

　　D. Morrison studied at Cornell University and is now still working there

　　2. Morrison has been awarded the Nobel Prize perhaps because_________.

　　A. she is an important professor in literature

　　B. her books are widely read

　　C. what she has written attracted people’s attention to the Blacks’ life

　　D. she mostly writes about the black women

　　3. How many books she has written are mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Five.

　　B. Six.

　　C. Seven.

　　D. Eight.

　　4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Morrison’s father once lived in Alabama.

　　B. When jazz was popular in the United States.

　　C. When her ancestors first came to the U.S.

　　D .When and where the Nobel Prize will be given to her.

　　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了Morrison的經(jīng)歷以及她的作品所產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)。

　　1. C。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Morrison所寫(xiě)的所有書(shū)的介紹,黑人們都過(guò)著艱難的生活。

　　2. C。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Morrison所著書(shū)中的黑人都有著悲慘的命運(yùn),可推知她的書(shū)所產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)。

　　3. B。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中總共提到了六本她寫(xiě)的書(shū)。

　　4. C。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選項(xiàng)A、B、D分別可在文章第一段、第三段、第四段找到依據(jù)。

　　閱讀理解Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.

　　He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substances. His interest in the“behavior”of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the“building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.

　　During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.

　　From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.

　　【文章大意】本文主要介紹了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其對(duì)世界所做出的杰出貢獻(xiàn)。他是唯一一位兩度獨(dú)立獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的科學(xué)家。

　　1. From the first paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling　.

　　A. didn’t study hard while in Washington High School

　　B. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes

　　C. was once badly treated in Washington High School

　　D. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living

　　【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段最后一句話“He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ”可以得出正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

　　2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?

　　A. The“behavior”of molecules.

　　B. Physical chemistry.

　　C. Biological chemistry.

　　D. The human body.

　　【解析】選B。推理判斷題。從第二段第二句話“His interest in the‘behavior’of molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. ”我們可以看出, Pauling的興趣發(fā)生了變化, 從physical chemistry轉(zhuǎn)到了biological chemistry上, 所以正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

　　3. During World WarⅡ, Linus Pauling　.

　　A. had to stop his research because of the war

　　B. made great contributions to the safety of the country

　　C. joined the army to fight for the safety of the country

　　D. took part in researching nuclear bombs

　　【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話“During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. ”可以得出正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

　　4. The main idea of the passage is to show　.

　　A. Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons

　　B. Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world

　　C. Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules

　　D. Linus Pauling’s getting the Nobel Prize for Peace

　　【解析】選B。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其對(duì)世界的貢獻(xiàn), 所以應(yīng)該選擇B選項(xiàng)。

　　【長(zhǎng)春市普通高中2024屆高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)（二）]D

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。The Oldies but Goodies jazz band will perform romantic music for Valentine’s Day. The band’s repertoire (常備節(jié)目) includes jazz music of the 1950s~1960s, domestic and overseas folk songs and pop songs. Programs of the latest concert include Moon River, Autumn Whisper, Butterfly Lovers, Love Story, Rosy Life, My Heart Will Go On and A Night at Moscow’s Suburb.

　　7:30 pm, Feb 14

　　China National Library Concert Hall, 33 Zhongguancun Nandaji, Haidian district

　　010-6848-5462

　　The China National Symphony Orchestra will put on a concert named Romantic Early Spring. On the performance list are Tonight Unforgettable, In Memory, Beautiful Legend, I Hope You’ll Come back and This is Love.

　　7:30 pm, Feb 14

　　Beijing Concert Hall, 1 Xicheng district

　　010-6605-7006

　　International cello (大提琴) master Yo-Yo Ma will perform in Guangzhou. The Grammy winner, who is popular in both the East and West, will play Mark O’Connor’s Appalachia Waltz, Ahmed Adnan Saygun’s Partita and Bach’s Suite No. 1 and Suite No. 2.

　　7 pm, Jan 26

　　Symphony Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall, 33 Qingbo Lu, Ersha Island

　　020-8737-2222

　　The concert for children will feature famous Russian composer Sergey Prokofiev’s masterpiece, Peter and the Wolf. It is a children’s story (with both music and text by Prokofiev), spoken by a narrator accompanied by the orchestra. Children with tickets to the concert will also get free admission to two forums featuring the musical and Sergey Prokofiev.

　　8 pm, Feb 8

　　Chamber Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall, 33 Qingbo Lu, Ersha Island

　　020-8738-2223

　　1. Jack is fond of pop music and he would most probably choose to go to __________.

　　A. China National Library Concert Hall

　　B. Symphony Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall

　　C. Chamber Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall

　　D. Beijing Concert Hall

　　2. Mary is a great fan of Bach and for more information she can dial __________.

　　A. 010-6848-5462

　　B. 010-6605-7006

　　C. 020-8737-2222

　　D. 020-8738-2223

　　3. What is special about the last concert?

　　A. You can enjoy different kinds of music.

　　B. You can enjoy both music and story.

　　C. Children can attend it free of charge.

　　D. It will be performed by an international master.

　　D篇：【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一則廣告，屬應(yīng)用文，介紹了四場(chǎng)各具特色的音樂(lè)會(huì)。讀者可

　　以根據(jù)介紹的信息選擇自己喜歡的音樂(lè)會(huì)。

　　1.A【命題立意】推理判斷題。考查考生對(duì)具體信息的理解和推理判斷能力。

　　【試題解析】第一則廣告介紹的音樂(lè)會(huì)是有關(guān)流行音樂(lè)的，符合Jack的愛(ài)好。

　　2.C【命題立意】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。考查考生對(duì)具體信息的理解和提取能力。

　　【試題解析】第三則廣告提到Y(jié)o-Yo Ma 將演奏Bach 的作品.

　　3.B【命題立意】細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？疾榭忌鷮?duì)具體信息的理解和提取能力。

　　【試題解析】根據(jù)第四則廣告的介紹可知，該場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)節(jié)目的特色是將音樂(lè)與故事

　　融合在一起。

　　【2024高考練習(xí)】

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案填空。

　　When the seventeenth-century settlers brought the English language to America,they immediately and necessarily began to adapt(使適應(yīng))it to their new environment.These changes were clear early and criticized by some people on both sides of the Atlantic.However,after the Revolution,Americans began to be proud of their own form of English.Noah Webster was the major early supporter of American meanings and spellings over British ones and published the earliest American dictionary,An American Dictionary of the English Language.During the years since Webster,language differences have continued to develop,proving(證明)the truth of George Bernard Shaw’s often-repeated words that the two nations are divided by a common language.

　　Like the American language,the earliest American literature(文學(xué))copied English models.However,after the Revolution and the War of 1812,writers began to create a clear American literature.However,in 1820,Sydney Smith asked the famous question “Who reads an American book?”

　　Answering to this and similar taunts(諷刺)with creative anger,American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read.Works by Washington Irving,Walt Whitman,and Mark Twain had been acclaimed greatly in Britain by the end of the nineteenth century.

　　Even as American writers got respect in Britain,British writers continued to have great influence in America.Charles Dickens went to America twice,in 1842 and 1867—1868.Other major British writers who traveled and lived in the United States include D.H.Lawrence and Aldous Huxley.British best works continue to be widely read.The works of William Shakespeare and Jane Austen became popular films.

　　At the turn of the twenty-first century,many books and writers continue to cross the Atlantic in both directions — made possible by the proud heritage(繼承)of the shared language.

　　【文章大意】美國(guó)人和英國(guó)人使用相同的語(yǔ)言。起初英國(guó)人看不起美國(guó)人寫(xiě)的書(shū),后來(lái)美國(guó)獨(dú)立后,一些美國(guó)作家寫(xiě)的文學(xué)作品深受英國(guó)人的歡迎,同時(shí)英國(guó)一些作家的作品也在美國(guó)人中廣泛閱讀。

　　1.The author of this passage seems to think 　.?

　　A.British English is better than American English

　　B.American English is better than British English

　　C.the same language has divided the two nations

　　D.the same language has connected the two nations

　　解析:推理判斷題。由最后一段“made possible by the proud heritage(繼承)of the shared language”可知,因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言相同使得美國(guó)人和英國(guó)人聯(lián)系交流起來(lái)。

　　答案:D

　　2.From the question asked by Sydney Smith,we can infer that 　.?

　　A.the British had to translate American books into English ones

　　B.the British found American books difficult to understand

　　C.the British thought highly of books written by Americans

　　D.the British looked down upon American books at first

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Answering to this and similar taunts(諷刺)with creative anger...”可知,英國(guó)人起初看不起美國(guó)人編寫(xiě)的書(shū)。

　　答案:D

　　3.The underlined word “acclaimed” in Paragraph 3 probably means “　”.?

　　A.soldB.discussed

　　C.welcomed D.refused

　　解析:詞義理解題。根據(jù)“...American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read.”可知,美國(guó)作家很快創(chuàng)作出英國(guó)人閱讀的作品。后面列舉了Washington Irving,Walt Whitman,and Mark Twain等名人的作品,很顯然是受英國(guó)人歡迎的。

　　答案:C