高中英語 語法精講（Unit 20 Humour）人教版
語法精講The -ing Form(1)—used as Attribute and Object Complement
動詞-ing形式(1)——作定語和賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作定語
1.動名詞作定語，說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和用途。
He has a reading room.
他有一個閱覽室。
2.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，單個的放在所修飾名詞前，分詞短語放在所修飾名詞后，其被動式一般只作后置定語。
This is a most interesting book.
Tell the boys playing there not to make any noise.
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed now.
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補常用于下列動詞之后：see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice,catch,leave,get等，表示動作正在進(jìn)行，還沒有結(jié)束；或者表示使一直處于某種狀態(tài)/使一直做某事。
注意：當(dāng)句子變成被動語態(tài)時，仍用現(xiàn)在分詞，只是原來的賓補變成了主補。
We had the fire burning all night.
我們整夜都點著火。
He left,leaving the machine running.
他走了，機(jī)器卻一直在轉(zhuǎn)著。
I heard someone knocking at the door.Go and see who it was.
我聽見有人在敲門，去看看是誰。
Tom was caught smoking in the workshop and was dismissed.
湯姆在車間抽煙的時候被發(fā)現(xiàn)，然后被解雇了。
2.現(xiàn)在分詞還經(jīng)常用于“with結(jié)構(gòu)”中，充當(dāng)with的賓語補足語。
With the old man leading the way,we had no trouble finding his house.
由那位老人帶路，我們毫不費力地找到了他的家。
【考例1】(2006湖南高考，21)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
A.covering
B.covered
C.cover
D.to cover
解析:本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。因blanket與cover之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。答案:A
【考例2】(2006四川高考，27)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes,I’ve never been to ________ one before.
A. a more excited
B.the most excited
C.a more excitingD.the most exciting
解析:“否定詞+比較級”表達(dá)最高級意義，“我以前從沒有參加過比這更好的派對(這是我參加過的最好的派對)”。
答案:C
【考例3】The cook was fired immediately when he was found ________ in the kitchen.
A.smoke
B.smoking
C.to smoke
D.smoked
解析:選項在句中作主語補足語，且與主語之間為主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用動詞-ing形式。
答案:B
【考例4】The students completed their task in advance with the expert ________ them.
A.help
B.helps
C.helped
D.helping
解析:選項在句中充當(dāng)with的賓語補足語，與賓語expert之間為主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞。
答案:D
語法精講The -ing Form(1)—used as Attribute and Object Complement
動詞-ing形式(1)——作定語和賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作定語
1.動名詞作定語，說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和用途。
He has a reading room.
他有一個閱覽室。
2.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，單個的放在所修飾名詞前，分詞短語放在所修飾名詞后，其被動式一般只作后置定語。
This is a most interesting book.
Tell the boys playing there not to make any noise.
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed now.
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補常用于下列動詞之后：see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice,catch,leave,get等，表示動作正在進(jìn)行，還沒有結(jié)束；或者表示使一直處于某種狀態(tài)/使一直做某事。
注意：當(dāng)句子變成被動語態(tài)時，仍用現(xiàn)在分詞，只是原來的賓補變成了主補。
We had the fire burning all night.
我們整夜都點著火。
He left,leaving the machine running.
他走了，機(jī)器卻一直在轉(zhuǎn)著。
I heard someone knocking at the door.Go and see who it was.
我聽見有人在敲門，去看看是誰。
Tom was caught smoking in the workshop and was dismissed.
湯姆在車間抽煙的時候被發(fā)現(xiàn)，然后被解雇了。
2.現(xiàn)在分詞還經(jīng)常用于“with結(jié)構(gòu)”中，充當(dāng)with的賓語補足語。
With the old man leading the way,we had no trouble finding his house.
由那位老人帶路，我們毫不費力地找到了他的家。
【考例1】(2006湖南高考，21)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
A.covering
B.covered
C.cover
D.to cover
解析:本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。因blanket與cover之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。答案:A
【考例2】(2006四川高考，27)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes,I’ve never been to ________ one before.
A. a more excited
B.the most excited
C.a more excitingD.the most exciting
解析:“否定詞+比較級”表達(dá)最高級意義，“我以前從沒有參加過比這更好的派對(這是我參加過的最好的派對)”。
答案:C
【考例3】The cook was fired immediately when he was found ________ in the kitchen.
A.smoke
B.smoking
C.to smoke
D.smoked
解析:選項在句中作主語補足語，且與主語之間為主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用動詞-ing形式。
答案:B
【考例4】The students completed their task in advance with the expert ________ them.
A.help
B.helps
C.helped
D.helping
解析:選項在句中充當(dāng)with的賓語補足語，與賓語expert之間為主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞。
答案:D
