2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪精講教案：必修5 （1）
必修5 Unit 1（1）
Unit 1 Great scientists A
Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family. With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (動(dòng)畫片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good. Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor. But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear). Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive. Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?” Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly' (膽小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans. The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that's gone into creating Robot City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps. Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film. Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example). But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores. My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere. Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat. BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.” BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images.
WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine. IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS. 56、This piece of writing is a _______.
A．commercial advertisement B．film review
C．movie poster D．literary essay
The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.
A．Ewan McGregor B．Robin Williams
C．Britney Spears D．Halle Berry
What is Shark Tale an example of?
A．A great cast. B．A poor plot.
C．Special effects. D．Clumsy animation.
—58、BCB
1．defeat(vt.)打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫
(n.)失敗
2．a(chǎn)ttend(vt.)照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加
3．cure(vt.& n．)治愈；痊愈；治療
4．challenge(n.)挑戰(zhàn)
(vt.)向……挑戰(zhàn)
5．a(chǎn)bsorb(vt.)吸收；吸引；使專心
6．suspect(vt.)認(rèn)為；懷疑
(n.)被懷疑者；嫌疑犯
7．blame(vt.)責(zé)備；譴責(zé)
(n.)過(guò)失；責(zé)備
8．handle(n.)柄；把手
(vt.)處理；操縱
9．cautious(adj.)小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的
10．conclude(vt.& vi.)結(jié)束；推斷出→conclusion(n.)結(jié)論；結(jié)束
11．expose(vt.)暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposed(adj.)無(wú)遮蔽的；無(wú)保護(hù)的；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高的
12．pollute(vt.)污染；弄臟→pollution(n.)污染
13．a(chǎn)nnounce(vt.)宣布；通告→announcement(n.)通知；宣告
14．contribute(vt.& vi.)捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助→contribution(n.)捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助
15．reject(vt.)拒絕；不接受；拋棄→rejection(n.)拒絕；拋棄
16．instruct vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)→instruction n．教授；傳授→instructions n．用法；說(shuō)明；操作指南
17．construct vt.建設(shè)；修建→construction n．建設(shè)；建筑物
1．put_forward提出
2．expose...to 使顯露；暴露
3．a(chǎn)part_from除……之外；此外
4．make_sense講得通；有意義
5．draw_a_conclusion得出結(jié)論
6．link...to...將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)
7．be_strict_with...對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的
8．be_to_blame應(yīng)受譴責(zé)，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任
9．point_of_view態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，看法
10．slow_down減速
11．lead_to通向，導(dǎo)致
12．look_into調(diào)查
1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解對(duì)它的治療。
名師指津：neither...nor...既不……也不……。
例句仿寫：老師和其他學(xué)生都不相信他解釋的遲到的原因。
Neither_teacher_nor_other_students believed the reason he explained for being late.
2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time
there was an outbreak.每次爆發(fā)霍亂時(shí)就有成千上萬(wàn)驚恐的人病死。
名師指津：every time每次，作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
例句仿寫：每當(dāng)我聽(tīng)到這首歌，它使我想起與祖母在一起的幸福時(shí)光。
Every_time_I_hear_this_song，it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.
3．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能講得通。
名師指津：“only＋狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)后面主句需用部分倒裝。
例句仿寫：生活就是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，只有當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我們才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。
Life is a challenge，only when we learn to face it can_we_achieve_our_aims.
4．A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
有一位從寬街搬過(guò)來(lái)的婦女，她特別喜歡那里的水，每天都要派人從水泵打水運(yùn)到家里。
名師指津：have/get sth.done某事情被做。
例句仿寫：別擔(dān)心，他將會(huì)盡力按時(shí)完成任務(wù)的。
There is no need to worry.He will try to have/get_his_work_finished on time.
conclude vt.& vi.結(jié)束；推斷出
(牛津P409)He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
他從他們的話語(yǔ)中推斷出他們不贊同此項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。
(1)conclude sth.以……結(jié)束
conclude that...推斷出，斷定
(2)arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論
come to the conclusion that...所得結(jié)論是……
in conclusion最后；總之
He concluded_his_speech_with a famous saying：where there is a will，there is a way.
他以一句名言 “有志者事竟成”結(jié)束他的演講。
We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.我們將作進(jìn)一步的討論，然后再作出最終結(jié)論。
(福建書(shū)面表達(dá))In_conclusion，people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
總之，全世界的人們都應(yīng)該意識(shí)到水資源短缺的真實(shí)現(xiàn)狀。expose vt.暴露，揭露；使曝光；使面臨
教材原句P2：But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助(那些)受到霍亂威脅的普通百姓，他就感到很振奮。
(1)expose...to...使……顯露/暴露于……
(be) exposed to...暴露于……；處于……危險(xiǎn)中
(2)expose sth.to sb.向某人揭發(fā)某事
(3)expose sb.to sth.使某人接觸到某物；使某人面臨遭受某事
Don’t expose your skin to direct sunlight，or you’ll get sunburnt.不要讓你的皮膚直接暴曬于陽(yáng)光下，否則你會(huì)被曬傷。
The more one is_exposed_to the English-speaking environment，the better he or she will learn the language.
一個(gè)人越多接觸說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的環(huán)境就越能學(xué)好這門外語(yǔ)。
It is reported that he exposed the truth of the milk poisoning incident to the public.
他向公眾揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心；并入，吞并
教材原句P2：The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二種看法表明人們是在吃飯時(shí)把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。
(1)absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意
(2)be absorbed by/into被……吞并，被……所吸收
be absorbed/buried in全神貫注于
Absorbed_in_his_work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep.
湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺(jué)。
Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.
受全球金融危機(jī)的影響，大多數(shù)小店已被并入大公司。
I haven’t really had time to absorb everything that he said.
事實(shí)上我還沒(méi)有時(shí)間弄懂他所說(shuō)的一切。blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把……歸咎于；n.過(guò)失；責(zé)備
教材原句P2：It seemed that the water was to blame.
看來(lái)水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?/p>
(1)
(2)bear/take the blame for...對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)
lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事歸咎于某人身上
(2024·江蘇書(shū)面表達(dá))Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
我們應(yīng)該多交流，換位思考而不是相互責(zé)怪。
Mr Green stood up in_defence_of the 16-year-old boy，saying that he was not the one to_blame.格林先生站起來(lái)保護(hù)這個(gè)16歲的男孩，說(shuō)他不是該受譴責(zé)的人。
The drunk driver should take_the_blame for the traffic accident.
那位醉酒司機(jī)應(yīng)該承擔(dān)交通事故責(zé)任。contribute vt.& vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助
(2024·重慶卷)The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your confidence.
一個(gè)特定目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)會(huì)使你感覺(jué)良好同時(shí)有助于你信心的建立。
(1)
(2)
(2024·山東寫作)Finally，some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement in English.最后，一些好的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站也對(duì)我的英語(yǔ)提高起了很大作用。
Eating too much fat can contribute_to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
攝入太多的脂肪會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓的發(fā)生。
He has made_great_contributions to a space development program.他對(duì)太空發(fā)展計(jì)劃有很大貢獻(xiàn)。defeat vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫；n.失敗
(朗文P528)It was a lack of money，not effort，that defeated their plan.他們的計(jì)劃失敗并非努力不夠，而是缺乏資金。
Facts showed that only when they united could they defeat the strong enemies.
事實(shí)證明只有他們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)才能擊敗強(qiáng)大的敵人。
As is expected，our baseball team has suffered_another_defeat.
正如所預(yù)料的一樣，我們的棒球隊(duì)再次失敗了。
辨析：defeat，beat與win
defeat/beat defeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語(yǔ)為“人”或“一個(gè)團(tuán)體”，常可互換。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上打敗敵人。beat常用于游戲或比賽中
win win后接sth.，表示在較強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得了勝利，賓語(yǔ)多用game，war，prize等詞，不能是人；win也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“贏，獲勝”
No difficulty could defeat/beat this brave man since he is so confident and capable.
?、軭e was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.
⑥Who do you think will win the beauty contest?
?、?完成句子
1．Professor Wang said the reason foro short-sightedness is complicated and there is still______________________(沒(méi)有治療方法)．
答案： no cure for it
2．Keeping prices from going up too sharply is________________________________(對(duì)中國(guó)是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)) as well as the whole world.
答案： a challenge to China
3．Water can______________________(吸收和放出大量熱量) without big changes in temperature，thus creating a stable environment.
答案： absorb and give off a lot of heat
4．The army was well-trained and well-armed，and had little difficulty______________________(打敗敵人)．
答案： defeating the enemy
5．__________________________________(暴露在陽(yáng)光下很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間) will do harm to your skin.
答案： Being exposed to sunlight for too much time
6．According to the driver’s explanation，it was not his carelessness but the bad road conditions that____________________(負(fù)責(zé)任) the accident.
答案： were to blame for
.單項(xiàng)填空
1．(2024·山東省十二校高三聯(lián)考)Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal，which they think will________the worsening of the environment.
A．a(chǎn)dapt toB．refer to
C．subscribe to D．contribute to
解析： 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：大多數(shù)與會(huì)者都不看好這一提議，他們認(rèn)為它會(huì)導(dǎo)致環(huán)境的惡化。contribute to是……的原因之一，符合句意。
答案： D
2．(2024·山西高三第三次四校聯(lián)考)Studies show that students often________to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.
A．exposing
B．being exposed
C．to expose
D．exposed
解析： 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，因expose與students之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，此處不表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，排除B項(xiàng)，故選D，為過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。
答案： D
3．Nowadays，children are________to too many violent online games，which is bad for the development of their character.
A．linked B．led
C．used D．exposed
解析： 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：當(dāng)今，孩子們接觸過(guò)多暴力網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，這對(duì)他們的性格發(fā)展不好。be exposed to接觸……，暴露在……，符合題意。
答案： D
4．(福建高考)________for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.
A．Blaming B．Blamed
C．To blame D．To be blamed
解析： 本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：Alice因?yàn)殡娔X網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障被責(zé)備，情緒很低落。非謂語(yǔ)形式用做原因狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者，故用過(guò)去分詞blame。D項(xiàng)to be blamed有將要的意思。
答案： B
5．(2024·棗莊模擬)It was the boy，rather than his teachers，that________for what the boy had done.
A．were to blame B．were to blamed
C．was to blame D．was to be blamed
解析： be to blame表示“應(yīng)該受責(zé)備”，從結(jié)構(gòu)分析主語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)為the boy，因此選C。
答案： C
6．(2024·紹興名校聯(lián)考)We have come to the________that it would be unwise to accept his idea.
A．suggestion B．conclusion
C．plan D．promise
解析： 考查名詞詞義。句意為：我們得出結(jié)論接受他的想法非明智之舉。come to the conclusion得出結(jié)論；suggestion建議；plan計(jì)劃；promise諾言。
答案： B
put forward 提出(建議)；推薦；將……提前
教材原句P1：Who put forward a theory about black holes?
