安徽省明光英普輔導(dǎo)中心高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)課件：Unit23《Conflict》

　　Will the computer replace the human being? It seems likely that computer programs will reproduce more clever programs, such programs will assist, rather than replace, humans. Reasoning assistants will enable human minds to turn to deeper and far more complex ideas, which will be partially prepared and then checked for reasoning flaws by a reasoning program. Many errors will be avoided.

　　36．The way AURA works is to ________. A. explore the faults in designing B. discover the viruses in a program C. find out what is against the set programs D. predict by reasoning

　　答案與解析：C　從第二段中可以選出答案為C項(xiàng)。

　　37．All of the following are mentioned as areas for the use of AURA EXCEPT ________. A. electronic engineering B. search for oil C. identification of diseases D. mental logic 答案與解析：D　A項(xiàng)從第四段第一句可以找出，B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)均可以從第四段中找出答案，只有D項(xiàng)本文中未涉及。 38．All of the following are advantages of expert programs EXCEPT ________. A. they can be reproduced endlessly B. they are featured by self analysis C. they may be enriched in contents D. they are reproduced almost free 答案與解析：B　從第四段中可以找出A、B、D三項(xiàng)都正確，B項(xiàng)未涉及。 39．What's the best title for the passage? A. Practical uses of computers B. Suggested applications for AURA C. The technical perfection of AURA D. Computer aid to human reasoning 答案與解析：D　從最后一段中可以找到答案為D項(xiàng)。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) The other day my brother Tom was beginning his motorbike then our neighbor, Mary came out and asked him if he was going near the station. And he offered her a lift. She got at the back of the motorbike and they drove away. Just before they reached to the station a policeman waved to them to stop. “Excuse me, sir.” he said. “You are not sitting on that motorbike properly.” “What's matter with the way I'm sitting？” my brother asked in surprise.

　　“Not you, sir. It's a young lady，” said the policemen. “In this country side-saddle (偏座) is not permitted when one ride a motorbike.” Mary made an excuse that she was from Italy, where it isn't considering to break the law when people take the side-saddle. The policeman shook head and drove away. 答案： The other day my brother Tom was beginning(starting ) his motorbike then(when) our neighbor, Mary came out and asked him if he was going near the station. And he offered her a lift. She got at(on) the back of the motorbike and they drove away. Just before they reached to/ the station a policeman waved to them to stop. “Excuse me, sir.” he said. “You are not sitting on that motorbike properly.” “What's ∧(the) matter with the way I'm sitting？” my brother asked in surprise. “Not you, sir. It's a(the ) young lady，” said the policemen (policeman). “In this country side-saddle (偏座) is not permitted when one ride(rides) a motorbike.” Mary made an excuse that she was from Italy, where it isn't considering(considered) to break the law when people take the side-saddle. The policeman shook ∧(his) head and drove away. 4．The history teacher often tells his students to ________ the knowledge they have learned according to chapters. A．separate

　　B．divide C．classify

　　D．collect 答案與解析：C　句意：歷史老師經(jīng)常告訴他的學(xué)生按照章節(jié)將他們所學(xué)的知識(shí)分類(lèi)。classify“分類(lèi)，歸類(lèi)”，符合題意。separate“分離，分手”；divide“把……分為部分”；collect“收集”。 5．A large sum of money has been ________ for rebuilding schools after the earthquake, and the money will be ________ among schools in the area. A．given; distributed B．a(chǎn)ssign; distributed C．distributed; allocated D．a(chǎn)llocated; distributed 答案與解析：D　句意：地震以后劃撥了一大筆錢(qián)用于學(xué)校重建，這筆錢(qián)將在該地的學(xué)校中分配。distribute“分配，散發(fā)”；allocate“劃撥，撥給”。give“給予”；assign“分派工作或任務(wù)或分派某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù)”。 6．—How did it ________ that you made so many mistakes in your homework? —I myself haven't figured it out yet. A．bring about

　　B．come about C．come across

　　D．occur to 答案與解析：B　come about“發(fā)生”，符合語(yǔ)境。bring about“引起，導(dǎo)致”；come across“偶遇”；occur to主要用于“It occurs to sb. that...”句式，意為“某人突然想起……”。 7．That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it's high time we ________ strong actions against him. A．betrayed; take

　　B．had betrayed; took C．has betrayed; took

　　D．has betrayed; take 答案：B 8．—How did it ________ that he knew where we were? —Maybe he had been following us. A．come about

　　B．come across C．come off

　　D．come round 答案與解析：A　come about發(fā)生，造成；come across偶遇，碰到；come off成功，不成功；come round恢復(fù)知覺(jué)。 9．—Don't interrupt me. I'm thinking of something. —I know you are hoping to ________ some topics for your project, but have a cup of coffee and it might excite your mind. A．put up

　　B．think C．come up with

　　D．turn up 答案：C 10．Never in my wildest dreams ________ lead to a career in the NBA, which has allowed me to give back to my people in Africa. A．I thought the chance would B．I thought would the chance C．did I think the chance would D．did I think would the chance 答案與解析：C　否定詞放于句首，句子要倒裝。 11．Some school authorities ________ a teacher's achievement or his ability by the number of his students who pass the public examinations. A．a(chǎn)ssess

　　B．a(chǎn)ssign C．remark

　　D．calculate 答案與解析：A　remark評(píng)論，assess評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)定；assign分派，布置；calculate計(jì)算。 12．The short-answer test is a kind of ________ between the composition and selection types. A．mixture

　　B．collection C．compound

　　D．compromise 答案與解析：D　mixture混合物；collection收集物，收藏品；compound混合物，化合物；compromise妥協(xié)；和解。 13．It was during the 2010 World Cup ________ he became a new shining soccer star. A．which

　　B．when C．that

　　D．where 答案與解析：C　本句為It is...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。句意：正是在2010年世界杯期間，他成了一名耀眼的足球新星。 14．________ tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. A．However the weather is like B．However is the weather like C．Whatever is the weather like D．Whatever the weather is like 答案與解析：D　what/whatever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，what/whatever在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。本題中l(wèi)ike是介詞，其后須接賓語(yǔ)，因此選用whatever。另外，它引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句通常用正常語(yǔ)序。 15．Never in my wildest dreams ________ these people are living

　　in such poor conditions. A．I could imagine

　　B．could I imagine C．I couldn't imagine

　　D．couldn't I imagine 答案與解析：B　never, hardly, not only, little等含有否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝，即把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分提到主語(yǔ)的前面。 Ⅱ.完形填空 The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.—Eleanor Roosevelt

　　My home is a place of great beauty and agricultural richness, as well as of war and natural disasters. When I was only fourteen years old, I was filled with

　　__16__

　　in spite of the terrible surroundings. The families living here, who tried to make their living from the land,

　　__17__

　　great losses.

　　I felt sorry especially for the

　　__18__， but I

　　__19__

　　to be hopeless. I decided that where I was, I could do

　　__20__

　　to help them. I began knocking on every door and saying to each person who

　　__21__

　　my knock, “I know that you are

　　__22__ and give the birds that come to your yard a little

　　__23__. Please consider me your bird. Give me only a handful of rice each week when I come to your

　　__24__. I will take it to the temple where it can be given to the

　　__25__

　　children.”

　　No one seemed to

　　__26__

　　giving me a handful of rice, even

　　__27__

　　they had little themselves. On Sunday, I would go to the

　　__28__

　　and give my handfuls of rice to the monks to __29__

　　to the children.

　　One day, I came to a house that had

　　__30__

　　to give. I told my story and asked if I could be their bird. The woman called her daughters, and

　　__31__

　　gave me fifty cents, as well as the handful of rice! I began to ask for

　　__32__

　　and rice from the other “bird feeders”， and they gave them to me.

　　Everyone was happy to be helping those who were suffering, even

　　__33__ only this small way. The temple was soon able to help everyone who came to them for food and clothing.

　　“Consider me your bird.”

　　My

　　__34__

　　idea had not stopped the war, but anyway, it was

　　__35__

　　some peace.

　　16. A. sorrow

　　B. hope

　　C. comfort

　　D. happiness 17. A. suffered

　　B. survived

　　C. covered

　　D. made 18. A. peasants

　　B. citizens

　　C. villagers

　　D. children 19. A. wanted

　　B. failed

　　C. refused

　　D. stopped 20. A. something

　　B. everything

　　C. anything

　　D. nothing 21. A. said

　　B. replied

　　C. answered

　　D. spoke 22. A. glad

　　B. kind

　　C. rich

　　D. friendly 23. A. water

　　B. money

　　C. nest

　　D. rice 24. A. temple

　　B. room

　　C. door

　　D. garden 25. A. brave

　　B. hungry

　　C. promising

　　D. nervous 26. A. mind

　　B. escape

　　C. practice

　　D. enjoy 27. A. where

　　B. that

　　C. so

　　D. when 28. A. village

　　B. hometown

　　C. temple

　　D. house 29. A. give in

　　B. give up

　　C. give away

　　D. give out 30. A. much

　　B. little

　　C. many

　　D. few 31. A. every

　　B. each

　　C. neither

　　D. none 32. A. help

　　B. clothing

　　C. food

　　D. change 33. A. by

　　B. with

　　C. on

　　D. in 34. A. foolish

　　B. childish

　　C. clever

　　D. useful 35. A. creating

　　B. mending

　　C. developing

　　D. managing 答案與解析： 16．B　由語(yǔ)境知，雖然生活環(huán)境惡劣，但是我沒(méi)有失去對(duì)生活的希望，故選hope。 17．A　suffer great losses遭受巨大損失。前文談到了家鄉(xiāng)有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和自然災(zāi)害，老百姓自然蒙受了巨大的損失。 18．D　本段段末有暗示。我把募捐到的大米送到廟里，然后由寺廟施舍給孩子們吃，故選children。 19．C　refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。語(yǔ)境為：雖然我為孩子們感到遺憾，但是我拒絕(讓自己)感到絕望。這也表明作者對(duì)生活充滿(mǎn)了期待。 20．A　something表示肯定的意義。語(yǔ)境為：在當(dāng)時(shí)的情況下，我決定做點(diǎn)事情來(lái)幫助可憐的孩子們。 21．C　我挨家挨戶(hù)地敲門(mén)，對(duì)聽(tīng)到我的敲門(mén)聲來(lái)開(kāi)門(mén)(answer the door/the knock)的人說(shuō)…… 22．B　根據(jù)下文“give the birds that come to your yard a little rice”可判斷應(yīng)選kind。 23．D　rice“大米”。下文“Give me only a handful of rice...”暗示作者在求人施舍大米給他。 24．C　由上文我是在別人開(kāi)門(mén)時(shí)說(shuō)這些話(huà)的可知此處應(yīng)選door。when I come to your door指“當(dāng)我來(lái)到你家門(mén)口”。 25．B　結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和自然災(zāi)害使人們飽受痛苦及作者求人施舍大米可知，孩子們?cè)诎ゐI，故選hungry。 26．A　mind“在乎，反對(duì)”。語(yǔ)境為：大家都愿意施舍一把米給我。 27．D　“even when they had little themselves”即使當(dāng)他們的食物也不充裕時(shí)。 28．C　temple“廟”。由上文“I will take it to the temple...”及本句and后的“give my handfuls of rice to the monks”可知，我把乞討來(lái)的大米捐給了廟里，再由和尚們發(fā)放給挨餓的孩子們。 29．C　give away在本句中指“發(fā)放”。 30．A　結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，這家人不僅施舍給我大米，那位婦女和她的女兒們還各自給我捐了50美分?？梢?jiàn)這家人比較富裕，有很多(much)可捐的東西。 31．B　each指她們每個(gè)人。 32．D　change“零錢(qián)”。作者意外地募到錢(qián)后，他開(kāi)始討要大米和零錢(qián)了。 33．D　in only this small way“僅僅憑借這種方式”。語(yǔ)境為：僅僅憑借這種方式，大家也能幫助那些遭受苦難的人。 34．B　childish“孩子似的，天真的”。作者在乞討時(shí)說(shuō)的話(huà)“Consider me your bird”聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常天真。 35．A　create“創(chuàng)造，建立，造成，引起，產(chǎn)生”，作者天真的想法雖沒(méi)能阻止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，卻締造了某種和平。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解

　　Can computer reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately, errors frequently occur. Now, or at least soon, computers will be able to do logical reasoning in a variety of areas without making errors. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the recent research in this field. AURA (Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that is the best example of this use of the computer.

　　AURA solves a program by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. The program reaches logical conclusions perfectly as it uses various types of reasoning and solves almost all problems by using advanced techniques to find a contradiction(矛盾)．

　　One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test safety system that automatically(自動(dòng)地)

　　shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the system will not shut the reactor down under those circumstances. If AURA finds a contradiction between the statement and the system's design

　　assumptions, then this aspect of the reactor's design has been proved satisfactory.

　　This strategy lets AURA concentrate on the problem at hand and avoid many fruitless steps.

　　The chief use for AURA at this time is for electronic circuit(電路) design check, but a number of other uses will arise. For example, there already exist “expert systems” that are special purpose programs designed to automate reasoning in a specific area such as medical diagnosis. These expert systems continue to improve and have an endless life.

　　Moreover, they can be reproduced just for pennies. A human who can expertly predict where to drill for oil is in great demand. A program that can predict equally well would be invaluable and could be reproduced any number of times.

　　The reason＋forsth. doing sth.＋is/was that... ＋why...＋is/was that... ＋that/which＋定語(yǔ)從句＋is/was that... The reason for the party is that it's Rita's birthday. 這次聚會(huì)是為了慶祝麗塔的生日。 The reason which he explained to us is that he hadn't read it before. 他給我們解釋的理由是他之前沒(méi)有讀過(guò)。

　　(2)That's because...表示“那是因?yàn)椤?，because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，that是不確指的代詞，指上文中出現(xiàn)的某件事情。 (3)That's why...表示“那就是做……的原因”，why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 [解題警示]　the reason后是用why, that還是which，取決于其在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?，從句缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)時(shí)用that/which，缺少狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用why。

　　[考試題]?、?江南十校測(cè)試)My consideration is ________ the financial crisis(危機(jī)) in the USA will heavily influence China. A．which

　　B．if C．what

　　D．why 答案與解析：D　why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句且在從句中表示原因，作狀語(yǔ)。A、C兩項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)需在其中作成分，if與語(yǔ)義不符。 隨 堂 檢 測(cè) Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．The book in the library are c__________ according to subjects. 2．Mr. White s_____________ to People magazine every year. He is a loyal reader of the magazine. 3．The employers will have to be ready to ___________(妥協(xié)) if they want to avoid a strike. 4．This species of dolphin is

　　widely __________(分布) throughout the world. classified subscribes compromise distributed

　　5．One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living e___________. 6．The more one is e____________ to the English-speaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language. 7．She had i__________ to finish her painting before seven o'clock, but one of her friends visited her. 8．When did you take p___________ of your car? That's to say, when did the car begin to belong to you? expenses exposed intended possession 9．He took a ________(把) of sweets and shared them among his friends. 10．The report was ______________(機(jī)密的) but someone sent a copy to the newspaper. handful confidential Ⅱ.選擇填空(有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)) hand over, be exposed to, stand up for, put forward, from then on, give in, send for, call in, have a gift for, keep off, hold out, by and by, look down on, keep one's word, come about, join up, sort out 1．So you lost your job; how did that ____________？ 2．The boy who was lost in the mountain managed to ____________ for four days until rescue came. come about hold out 3．He ____________ a new theory at the meeting, which we thought was practical. 4．It is generally agreed that he will ____________ his position to his son. 5．Didn't anyone ____________ James and say it wasn't his fault? 6．The authorities showed no signs of ____________ to the kidnapper's demands. put forward hand over stand up for giving in 7．John ____________his friends to drink the birth of his new-born son. 8．Since she is seriously ill, we have no other choice but to ____________ a doctor at once. 9．Mum, you have agreed. You must ____________. 10．She ____________________anyone who hasn't had a college education. 11．He _______________language, while his sister is a gifted pianist. called in send for keep your word looks down on has a gift for 12．The boy walked alone in the street and it began to rain ____________. 13．The two countries have ____________ to fight against their enemy. 14．When you come to the fence, you can see a notice put up there saying “____________ the grass”． 15．She needed time to ____________her feelings of what was bothering her. by and by joined up Keep off sort out Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示翻譯句子 1．劫匪剛走，警察就到了。(no sooner...than) 答案：No sooner had the robbers left than the police arrived. 2．他們剛到家，天就開(kāi)始下雨了。(when) 答案：They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 3．我去的唯一理由是想見(jiàn)見(jiàn)你的朋友們。(why) 答案：The only reason why I went was that I wanted to meet your friends. 4．因?yàn)樗齼鹤釉谑鹿手袉噬恕?because) 答案：That's because her son was killed in an accident. Ⅳ.交際用語(yǔ) 1．—I'm awfully sorry I can't go with you. —________？ Haven't you agreed? A．How is it

　　B．What is it C．Why don't you

　　D．What do you think 答案與解析：A　“How is it/that？”表示“怎么會(huì)那樣呢？”；C項(xiàng)可改為“Why can't you？” 2．—How about seeing the new movie at the theatre tonight? —________， but I've got to go over my notes for tomorrow's exam. A．All right

　　B．Sounds great C．I can't

　　D．No, I am terribly sorry 答案與解析：B　How about doing sth.？“做某事怎么樣？”本句型是用來(lái)提出建議的。All right“可以，好，行”，與后一句相矛盾；I can't不符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣；how about不能用no回答，因此D項(xiàng)不對(duì)。 3．(2010·河南洛陽(yáng))—This is the model plane I made yesterday, Dad. —________！ A．Thank you

　　B．Just so-so C．My pleasure

　　D．Good work 答案與解析：D　句意：爸爸，這是我昨天做的飛機(jī)模型。Just so-so，一般般，my pleasure是對(duì)別人謝意后的答語(yǔ)，good work做得好。 4．(2010·河南開(kāi)封)—Do you mind if I keep pets in this building? —________. A．I'd rather you didn't actually B．Of course not, it's not allowed here C．Great! I love pets D．No, you can't 答案與解析：A　考查否定句用法。A項(xiàng)符合題意，可譯為“我勸你還是不要，”較委婉。 5．(2010·河南六市聯(lián)考)—How do you find your present partner? —________. A．Quite by chance

　　B．On line C．Very well