【2024高考名師精編】英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件：代詞課件（全國通用）

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　　典例　(福建四地六校第三次聯(lián)考，22)________ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food. A．As

　　B．It　 C．That　

　　D．What 解析：D?？疾橹髡Z從句。what在這里引導(dǎo)主語從句，選D項(xiàng)。此題要注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，如果題目改為：①________ is known to us all, the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.該句空處應(yīng)用As, as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；②________ is known to us all that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.該句空處則應(yīng)用It, it作形式主語。【2024江西卷】23．My brother would like to buy a good watch but

　　was available from that shop.

　　A．nothing B．none C．no one D．neither 23答案：B考點(diǎn)：不定代詞解析：nothing指物，什么都不是；none既可指人也可指物，強(qiáng)調(diào)“每一個(gè)”；no one只能指人；neither表兩者都不，故此題選B。【2024重慶卷】21.-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?

　　-_________.I’ll be off to London then.

　　A. Either

　　B. Neither

　　C. Both

　　D. None 21.【考點(diǎn)】不定代詞用法【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)答語“I’ll be off to London then.”可知，約定的星期三或者星期五對John來說，都不行。在選項(xiàng)中B選項(xiàng)是“兩者都不”之意，符合語境。因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。【難度】一般 28.

　　If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get

　　for me? A.

　　one

　　such

　　this

　　that 28、【考點(diǎn)】代詞的用法【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)句意：如果你去報(bào)攤上買今天的報(bào)紙，給我捎回一份好嗎？one作“一個(gè)”，“一本”，“一件”等解，用來代替上文提到過的paper。相當(dāng)于a copy of paper. 【難度】較難【2024全國新課程】31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but

　　of them wants to, because they have work to do. A. either

　　B. any C. neither

　　D. none 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，Bill和Peter兩個(gè)人，所以其否定形式用neither。句意：Larry請求Bill和Peter一起和他去野餐，但他們兩個(gè)都不想去，因?yàn)樗麄円ぷ鳌?【考點(diǎn)定位】考查代詞的用法。【2024山東卷】21. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or __________. A. whoever

　　B. wherever

　　C. whatever

　　D. however 21.【答案】A 【解析】此處whoever是代詞，意為：任何人，無論誰。它作to的賓語。句意：你看完書后，把書給Lucy或Helen，或誰都行。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查代詞的用法。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：代詞課件一、one, it, that的用法區(qū)別 1．one替代單數(shù)名詞，指代上文提到過的同類事物中的一個(gè)，但不是上文提到的那一個(gè)事物，相當(dāng)于“a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”；it替代前面提到的事物，請比較： I have lost my dictionary; I'm looking for it.(句中it就是指前面的my dictionary) I have lost my dictionary; I think I must buy one.(one在該句中表示泛指，因?yàn)閙y dictionary已經(jīng)丟了，不可能再買它了) 2．that＝the＋名詞，替代特指的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。 The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought.(that指代the umbrella) The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot.(that指代the water) 典例　(濰坊抽測，30)I just choose a simpler lifestyle, ________ where I can ride my bike all over and do not have to make a great living to survive. A．that　B．it C．one

　　D．a(chǎn)nother 解析：C?？疾榇~。句意：我只是選擇了一種更簡單的生活方式，一種可以騎自行車，不必為生活而奔忙的生活方式。one是a simpler lifestyle的同位語。 ◆鏈接 ones主要用于替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表泛指；若是特指，則用those(相當(dāng)于the ones)。 If you haven't got a big plate, two small ones will do. Today's libraries differ greatly from those of the past. Do you know the ones who have moved here recently? ◆警示替代詞one或ones通常不用在物主代詞和名詞所有格之后。如不可說my one(s), your one(s)等。one或ones也不能用在own之后。但是，如果one(s)前面有形容詞，one(s)可以和物主代詞及名詞所有格連用。 My cheap radio seems to be just as good as Kate's expensive one. 二、other, the other, others, the others, another的用法區(qū)別 1．other作定語，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。 There are other ways of doing this exercise. 2．the other (1)特指“兩者之中的另一個(gè)”，常與one連用，構(gòu)成“one...the other...”。 Miss Gao has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. I have two books. One is an English book; the other(one/book) is a Chinese book. (2)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示“其余全部的”(特指某一范圍中其他的人或事物)。 Two boys will go to the zoo, and the other boys will stay at home. 3．others用作代詞，泛指別的人或事物，常構(gòu)成“some...others...”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Some people enjoy exercise, others don't. She always thinks of other people/others and never thinks of herself. 4．the others用作代詞，特指其余的人或事物。the others意思是“其他東西，其余的人”，相當(dāng)于“the other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。 We five did cleaning yesterday. Lucy and I swept the floors; the others cleaned the windows. 5．a(chǎn)nother (1)可作代詞，也可作形容詞，泛指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的另一個(gè)，代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 I don't like this one. Show me another. Please give me another umbrella. This one is too old. (2)表示“又……，再……”(an additional person or thing)，在原來基礎(chǔ)上的附加。常用于“another＋單數(shù)名詞”或“another＋數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”。 Have another drink and another of these cakes. I'll be here for another few weeks. Where shall we be in another ten years? (3)另一，不同的人或事物 We can do it another time.我們可以下次再做。(不是現(xiàn)在做) ◆鏈接 other, the other, others, the others, another的用法區(qū)別要把握好以下三點(diǎn)(關(guān)鍵詞)： ①成分：哪些只可以作定語。 ②數(shù)量：是指兩者，還是指三者或三者以上。 ③范圍：有無特定的范圍。

　　◆點(diǎn)撥 ①要結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷：是否需要作定語的詞。 ②結(jié)合語境來判斷：是否存在特定的范圍。 ③利用關(guān)鍵詞來判斷：是兩者還是三者(以上)。典例1　(·蘇北四市二調(diào)，31)We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let's have ________ one this month. A．the other B．some C．a(chǎn)nother

　　D．other 解析：C。語意表示“我們這個(gè)月再去野餐一次吧”，表示“又一，另一”用another。典例2　(衡陽八中第五次月考，24)I have done much of the work. Could you please finish ________ in two days? A．the rest

　　B．the other C．a(chǎn)nother

　　D．the others 解析：A。work是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用the others代替；the rest既可指代可數(shù)名詞，也可指代不可數(shù)名詞。故答案為A。

　　◆辨析 some與any的區(qū)別 ①some一般用于肯定句； any一般用于否定句和疑問句。 —Have you got any oranges? —I have some oranges. (—No, I haven't got any oranges.) ②在表示邀請、建議、反問、請求的疑問句中，或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)，多用some而不用any。 Would you like some coffee? ◆鏈接表示“又……，再……”還可用“數(shù)詞＋more＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”。 We need another ten chairs. ＝We need ten more chairs. 我們還/另外需要十把椅子。三、none, no one, nothing的用法區(qū)別 1．none既可指人，也可指物，后可接of短語，也可回答由how many, how much, which等引起的問句。(即涉及數(shù)量用none) —Did any of your friends come to see you? 你的朋友當(dāng)中有誰來看過你嗎？ —None. 一個(gè)也沒來。 —How many English books have you read? 你讀過多少本英文書？ —None. 一本也沒讀過。 —How much money did you give her? 你給了她多少錢？ —None. 一分也沒給。 2．no one/nobody只能指人，其后不可接of短語，用來回答由who引起的問句。 —Who went to see the film? 誰去看電影了？ —No one/Nobody.誰也沒去。 3．nothing只指物，后不可接of短語，可回答由what引起的問句。 —What's in the box? 盒子里有什么？ —Nothing. 什么也沒有。 ◆點(diǎn)撥解題時(shí)，要善于抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞匯： ①表示數(shù)量的詞(有時(shí)候借助語法手段來表示，如題干中用的最高級，表明數(shù)量是大于或等于三)； ②能夠顯示肯定或否定意義的詞。四、all, none, both, either, neither的用法區(qū)別 1．a(chǎn)ll表示三者或三者以上的人或事物或表示抽象意義的“一切”。 All of the boys went swimming yesterday. All goes well. 2．none表示三者或三者以上都不，none既可指人也可指物，其后通常接of短語；用作主語時(shí)，若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用單數(shù)，若指可數(shù)名詞，則謂語可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)。 None of the money is mine. None of the food was left. None of the books is/are interesting. 3．both表示(兩者)都；either表示兩者之中任何一個(gè)；neither表示兩者之中任何一個(gè)都不。 On both sides of the road, there're a lot of trees. On either side of the road, there're a lot of trees.(road只有“兩邊”) I asked Tom and Bob for help, but neither of them would help me. ◆點(diǎn)撥 all, none, both, either, neither的用法區(qū)別關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)： ①一看數(shù)量：三者或三者以上用all/none；兩者用either/neither/both。 ②二看肯定還是否定：all/both表肯定；none表否定；not...either＝neither。典例　(西城期末，21)—We have two seats free here. Which one would you like? —________！ My mother is coming to see the film with me. A．None

　　B．Neither C．All

　　D．Both 解析：D　考查代詞。根據(jù)題干中的two seats可排除A、C(這兩項(xiàng)都用于指三者或三者以上)；neither指“兩者都不”；both指“兩者都”。根據(jù)答語中的第二句話可知D項(xiàng)符合語意，即兩個(gè)座位都要。 ◆辨析 each與every的區(qū)別 ①each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別，而every則用來概括全體，與all相當(dāng)。所以與almost, nearly連用時(shí)，可用every，不能用each。 Almost every student in our class passed the English exam yesterday. ②each指兩者或者兩者以上的“每一”，而every則指三者或三者以上的“每一”。 There are lots of trees on each side of the road. ③every可用來表示“每隔”，而each不可。 (1)“every＋基數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”； (2)“every＋序數(shù)詞＋單數(shù)名詞”； (3)“every other＋單數(shù)名詞”表示“每隔一……”； (4)“every few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示“每隔幾……”。 He visited his uncle every few days. Please write on every other line. ④every可以與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定，意思是“并不是/非所有人”，而each則不可以與not連用。 Not everyone likes the film. 五、it與this/that的區(qū)別下列情況下，只能使用it，不能用this/that。 1．作形式主語/賓語時(shí)。 it可用作形式主語/賓語，而將真正的主語/賓語放在后面，真正的主語/賓語往往是不定式、動名詞或從句。 It is no use going there so early.(形式主語) He thought it no use going over the subject again.(形式賓語) He found it hard to get along with him.(形式賓語) It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.(形式主語) 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中。 It is Mary that has won the first place. It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. It was Mary that our teacher praised at the meeting yesterday. 3．某些動詞(短語)后不能直接跟賓語從句，需要用it作形式賓語，然后接賓語從句。這類動詞(短語)有：hate, dislike, like, appreciate, depend on, see to等。 I'd appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. You can depend on it that he will come to help you. ◆鏈接 ①指時(shí)間、距離、天氣、溫度等。 Sometimes it snows and the land is all white. —What time is it now? —It's half past nine. It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. It is cooler in Tianjin than in Beijing. ②用于指性別不詳、身份不明的人等。 The child smiled when it saw its mother. ③指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。 Well, you mustn't play on the road. It's dangerous. ④it也常用來表示一般的籠統(tǒng)的情況。 It's awful—I've got so much work; I don't know where to start.