四級寫作沖刺備考：常見錯誤分析（三）
?。┻B詞方面的錯誤
作文中缺少必要的連詞，或錯用連詞的現(xiàn)象也比較普遍。
（誤）One should improve his English，one should overcome difficulties in studies.
?。ㄕ㊣f one wants to improve his English，he should overcome difficulties in studies.
【說明】學(xué)生在寫作中往往意識不到連詞的重要，不善于使用連詞和連接副詞來明確標(biāo)示出因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系等。
?。ㄆ撸┐钆浞矫娴腻e誤
學(xué)生作文中用詞搭配方面的錯誤也占有較大比例。記得在一次六級作文閱卷中，近千篇作文在表達上海交通越來越擁擠這個意思時，幾乎沒有一篇用 heavier，大多數(shù)人用的是The traffic in Shanghai is getting more and more crowded，而traffic是不能與crowded搭配的。
1．（誤）However the speed of a car is much faster than that of a bicycle.
?。ㄕ〩owever the speed of a car is much higher than that of a bicycle.
【說明】speed只能和high，low，good，top，normal，fantastic，moderate，surprising等搭配，不能與fast，quick，slow搭配。但可以這樣說A car is much faster in speed than a bicycle.
2．（誤）In the past the price of milk was so expensive that most families could not afford it.
（正）In the past the price of milk was so high that most families couldnt afford it.
【說明】price只和high，low，inflated，moderate，minimum，original，popular，prevailing，published，reduced，reasonable等搭配，不能與expensive，cheap搭配，但可以說In the past，milk was so expensive that most families couldnt afford it.
由此可見，要提高對詞語搭配的駕馭能力，除了要在平時的閱讀過程中多積累，還需要克服中文中諸如速度快、價格貴、學(xué)習(xí)知識、人減少等搭配的影響，避免寫出look book或see book這樣的笑話來。
?。ò耍┱`用方面
學(xué)生作文中對詞語的誤用也相當(dāng)普遍，誤用詞語不僅不能準(zhǔn)確地表達作者的意思，而且也會鬧出笑話。
1. （誤）With the industrious development，there is a great need for different kinds of energy.
?。ㄕ￤ith the industrial development，there is a great need for different kinds of energy.
2. （誤）Most big cities are plagued by traffic jams which effect our daily life.
?。ㄕ㎝ost big cities are plagued by traffic jams which affect our daily life.
【說明】以上錯句都是因為對形容詞的辨析不清而造成的。Industrious是勤勞的，工業(yè)上的應(yīng)為industrial。effect一般用作名詞，其動詞形式表示產(chǎn)生、實現(xiàn)，而這里的意思是影響，應(yīng)換成affect。
（六）連詞方面的錯誤
作文中缺少必要的連詞，或錯用連詞的現(xiàn)象也比較普遍。
?。ㄕ`）One should improve his English，one should overcome difficulties in studies.
?。ㄕ㊣f one wants to improve his English，he should overcome difficulties in studies.
【說明】學(xué)生在寫作中往往意識不到連詞的重要，不善于使用連詞和連接副詞來明確標(biāo)示出因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系等。
（七）搭配方面的錯誤
學(xué)生作文中用詞搭配方面的錯誤也占有較大比例。記得在一次六級作文閱卷中，近千篇作文在表達上海交通越來越擁擠這個意思時，幾乎沒有一篇用 heavier，大多數(shù)人用的是The traffic in Shanghai is getting more and more crowded，而traffic是不能與crowded搭配的。
1．（誤）However the speed of a car is much faster than that of a bicycle.
?。ㄕ〩owever the speed of a car is much higher than that of a bicycle.
【說明】speed只能和high，low，good，top，normal，fantastic，moderate，surprising等搭配，不能與fast，quick，slow搭配。但可以這樣說A car is much faster in speed than a bicycle.
2．（誤）In the past the price of milk was so expensive that most families could not afford it.
（正）In the past the price of milk was so high that most families couldnt afford it.
【說明】price只和high，low，inflated，moderate，minimum，original，popular，prevailing，published，reduced，reasonable等搭配，不能與expensive，cheap搭配，但可以說In the past，milk was so expensive that most families couldnt afford it.
由此可見，要提高對詞語搭配的駕馭能力，除了要在平時的閱讀過程中多積累，還需要克服中文中諸如速度快、價格貴、學(xué)習(xí)知識、人減少等搭配的影響，避免寫出look book或see book這樣的笑話來。
?。ò耍┱`用方面
學(xué)生作文中對詞語的誤用也相當(dāng)普遍，誤用詞語不僅不能準(zhǔn)確地表達作者的意思，而且也會鬧出笑話。
1. （誤）With the industrious development，there is a great need for different kinds of energy.
?。ㄕ￤ith the industrial development，there is a great need for different kinds of energy.
2. （誤）Most big cities are plagued by traffic jams which effect our daily life.
?。ㄕ㎝ost big cities are plagued by traffic jams which affect our daily life.
【說明】以上錯句都是因為對形容詞的辨析不清而造成的。Industrious是勤勞的，工業(yè)上的應(yīng)為industrial。effect一般用作名詞，其動詞形式表示產(chǎn)生、實現(xiàn)，而這里的意思是影響，應(yīng)換成affect。
