考研英語范文閱讀理解模擬試題及答案解析
With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewersin Asia and America can now watch the Corporation s news coverage, as well aslisten to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to twoBBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of localradio station. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and currentaffairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children s programmes andfilms for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years - yet theBBC s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-fundedbroadcasting organisation, at least for the time being, but its role, its sizeand its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone withan opinion of the BBC - including ordinary listeners and viewers - to say whatwas good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it wasworth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC s royal charter runsout in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organisation as it is, or tomake changes. Defenders of the Corporation - of whom there are many - are fond ofquoting the American slogan. If it ain t broke, don t fix it. The BBC ain tbroke, they say, by which they mean it is not broken , so why bother to change it? Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting worldaround it is changing. The commercial TV channels - ITV and Channel 4 - wererequired by the Thatcher Government s Broadcasting Act to become morecommercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs andjobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels - funded partly byadvertising and partly by viewers subscriptions - which will bring about thebiggest changes in the long term. 55. The world famous BBC now faces ________. （A） the problem of new coverage （B） an uncertainprospect （C） inquiries by the general public （D） shrinkageof audience 56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is notmentioned as the key issue? ?。ˋ） Extension of its TV service to Far East. ?。˙） Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate. ?。–） Potentials for further international co-operations. ?。―） Its existence as a broadcasting organisation. 57. The BBC s royal charter （line 4, paragraph 4） stands for________. ?。ˋ） the financial support from the royal family （B） the privileges granted by the Queen ?。–） a contract with the Queen ?。―） a unique relationship with the royal family 58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is noother than ________. （A） the emergence of commercial TV channels ?。˙） the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government （C） the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs ?。―） the challenge of new satellite channels 答案及試題解析 試題解析： 55. （B） 意為：前景不定。 第三段指出，英國廣播公司（BBC）已有70多年的光輝歷程，然而，目前其前景不明（in doubt）。雖然（至少就目前而言）作為一個(gè)公辦廣播機(jī)構(gòu)，廣播公司將繼續(xù)存在下去，但是，其作用、規(guī)模、節(jié)目成為目前英國舉國上下爭論的話題。第四段指出，這場爭論是由政府發(fā)起的。政府要求普通聽眾和觀眾評論廣播公司的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)-甚至于值不值得把它辦下去（was worth keeping）。最后一段指出，廣播公司也的確面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn)，它只有改變自己才能適應(yīng)新的形勢。 A意為：資訊報(bào)道（的范圍）問題。 C意為：公眾的質(zhì)詢。公眾并未主動(dòng)對廣播公司的發(fā)展前景及狀況評頭論足，而是政府要求他們這樣做的。 D意為：觀（聽）眾的減少。 56. （C） 意為：進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行國際合作的潛力。 最后一段指出，由于廣播領(lǐng)域（broadcasting world）正在發(fā)生變化，英國廣播公司也應(yīng)改變自己，以適應(yīng)新形勢。撤切爾政府制定的廣播法要求電視頻道進(jìn)一步商業(yè)化、搞廣告競爭并削減開支與勞務(wù)。新電視頻道的開播將帶來長遠(yuǎn)的巨變?？梢姡@里并未提到國際合作問題。 A意為：將電視廣播擴(kuò)展到遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)。第一段指出，隨著英國廣播公司國際電視節(jié)目的開播，數(shù)百萬亞洲和美洲人不僅可以聽到它的廣播，還可以觀看到它的電視資訊報(bào)道（news coverage）。文章最后一段還提到了衛(wèi)星頻道將會(huì)給廣播公司帶來最大的變化。 B意為：電視節(jié)目成為舉國上下談?wù)摰脑掝}。 D意為：它作為廣播機(jī)構(gòu)的存在。 另請參閱第55題題解。 57. （C）可直譯為：與女王簽的契約。 眾所周知，英國是君主立憲國家，國王代表國家。因此，與女王簽約就等于說該公司是國家辦的廣播公司（a publicly-funded broadcasting station），而不是私營的。charter意為：契約，特許證。原句可譯為：質(zhì)詢的原因是：廣播公司的皇家契約1996年將要到期，因此必須決定廣播公司是保持原樣還是要改革。 A意為：皇族的財(cái)政支持。皇族指國王的家庭，與國家是兩碼事。 B意為：女王準(zhǔn)予的一系列特權(quán)。 D意為：與皇族的特殊關(guān)系。 58. （D） 意為：新電視頻道的挑戰(zhàn)。 該題提問部分意為：英國廣播公司不得不自行調(diào)整的最主要原因恰恰是。文章最后一句指出：從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)來看，新電視頻道的開播將無疑會(huì)帶來最大的變化（注意：本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句）。另請參閱第56題題解。 A意為：商業(yè)性電視頻道的出現(xiàn)。 B意為：政府廣播法的實(shí)施。 C意為：降低成本和勞務(wù)的緊迫性。 ?。ˋ）、（B）、（C）雖然都提到了，但都不是作為主要原因而提的。 翻譯句子 1、The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone withan opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers-to say what wasgood or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worthkeeping. [參考譯文] 這場爭論是由政府發(fā)起的，政府請任何一個(gè)對英國廣播公司有意見的人-包括普通的聽眾和觀眾-來說說這個(gè)好在哪里或壞在哪里，甚至要說說他們是否認(rèn)為這個(gè)公司值得被保留下來。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這個(gè)句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 The debate was launched by the Government，使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)。后面which 引導(dǎo)定語從句 which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC修飾government，定語從句中不定式 to say 后面是兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句，一個(gè)由 what 引導(dǎo)，一個(gè)由 whether 引導(dǎo)，兩部分用 and 連接，副詞 even 表示進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)。另外兩個(gè)破折號之間的部分屬于插入成分，是用來進(jìn)一步定義 anyone 的。anyone 后面的 with 介詞詞組也是用來修飾 anyone 的。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 重點(diǎn)是要弄清楚后面定語從句，兩個(gè)賓語從句，還有插入成分之間的層次關(guān)系。另外要注意 be worth doing 的用法，這一結(jié)構(gòu)本身就可以表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，因而 the Corporation was worth keeping 就是英國廣播公司值得被保留的意思。 2、But it is the arrival of new satellite channels-funded partly byadvertising and partly by viewers subscriptions-which will bring about thebiggest changes in the long term. [參考譯文] 但是新的衛(wèi)星頻道的到來它的資金一部分來自于廣告，一部分來自于觀眾的收視費(fèi)將從長遠(yuǎn)意義上導(dǎo)致最巨大的變化。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 首先這個(gè)句子使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) it iswhich，which 指代前面的 channels。破折號中間部分的插入成分相當(dāng)于定語，（which are） funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptions 修飾 channels，其中 and 連接兩個(gè) partlyby。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 注意 bring about 在句中的含義是引起、導(dǎo)致、產(chǎn)生。 難句解析 1、They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and currentaffairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children s programmes andfilms for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. [參考譯文] 每戶每年支付83英鎊的的收視費(fèi)用就可以收看體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、喜劇、戲劇、音樂、資訊與時(shí)事、教育、宗教、關(guān)于議會(huì)的報(bào)道、兒童節(jié)目和電影。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 They are broughtfor an annual license fee，其中謂語部分使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)。實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)是bring 后接雙賓語 bring sb. sth.，在這句話中，直接賓語很長，是一系列名詞的羅列，前面的名詞用逗號連接，最后兩個(gè)并列成分用and 連接。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 重點(diǎn)要注意 they 指代前面提到的 listeners and viewers，這里使用了 bring sb. sth. 這一結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)式 sb. was brought sth.。介詞 for 在這里相當(dāng)于 at the price of。另外 news and current affairs 中的 and 是連接 news 和 currentaffairs 的，而這個(gè)詞組作為一個(gè)整體與其它的名詞 music、education 等并列。 2、The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcastingorganization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and itsprogrammes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. [參考譯文] 英國廣播公司將作為一個(gè)公共基金支持的廣播組織存在下來，至少目前會(huì)這樣，但是它的角色、它的規(guī)模和它的節(jié)目現(xiàn)在在英國成了全國上下的討論話題。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是 but 連接了兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子。其中 at least for the time being 前后用逗號與句子其它部分分開，是插入語。前一句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 The Corporation will survive as，后一句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 itsrole, its size and its programs are now the subject。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] The Corporation 指代前面提到的 BBC=British Broadcast Corporation。另外注意 as 的用法，這里它用作介詞，是作為的意思。publicly-funded 由公眾提供資金的；nation-wide 全國范圍內(nèi)的。 3、The BBC ain t broke, they say, by which they mean it is not broken, so why bother tochange it? [參考譯文] 他們說英國廣播公司沒有破產(chǎn)（broke），他們的意思是說它沒有垮掉（broken 和單詞 broke 是有區(qū)別的，broke 的意思是沒有錢），那為什么要自找麻煩去改變它呢？ [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這句話是 so 連接的兩個(gè)因果關(guān)系的句子。they say 是插入語。which 引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾前面引號中的部分 ain t broke。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 注意 which 指代的是前面引號中的部分；而且注意區(qū)別 broke 和 broken 在這里的不同意思。why do sth. 這里是個(gè)反問句，是不太正式的用法。注意在此處，作者修正了前面美國俚語 ain t broke 中 broke 一詞的用法錯(cuò)誤，指出其應(yīng)該被寫為 broken。 語言點(diǎn)詳解 1. coverage 資訊報(bào)道 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] coverage n.覆蓋，總括；資訊報(bào)道 [經(jīng)典例句] He wrote a very excellent coverag on the European situation. 2. tune in to 收聽 [大綱詞匯] tune n.調(diào)子，曲調(diào)；和諧，協(xié)調(diào)；v.調(diào)音，調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整 tune in （to sth.）調(diào)諧，收聽 [經(jīng)典例句] She usually tunes in to the news on CNN. 3. dozens of 很多 [大綱詞匯] dozen n.十二個(gè) [經(jīng)典例句] I have dozens of things to do. 4. comedy 喜劇 [大綱詞匯] comedy n.喜劇，喜劇性事件 [相關(guān)詞匯] tragedy .悲劇，悲劇性事件 5. affair 形勢 [大綱詞匯] affair n.事，事情，事件 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] affairs n.事務(wù) [經(jīng)典例句] China will never seek hegemony in the international affairs. 6. parliamentary 議會(huì)的 [大綱詞匯] parliament n. 國會(huì)，議會(huì) [衍生詞匯] parliamentary a. 國會(huì)的，議會(huì)的 [經(jīng)典例句] The new parliamentary building is designed by a famous architect. 7. annual 每年的 [大綱詞匯] annual a. 每年的，年度的；n. 年刊，年鑒 [經(jīng)典例句] The financial department submitted the annual report to the board. 8. household 家庭 [大綱詞匯] household n.戶，家庭，全家人 [經(jīng)典例句] How many people are there in your household? 9. remarkable 值得注意的 [大綱詞匯] remarkable a.值得注意的；顯著的，異常的，非凡的 [經(jīng)典例句] He has made remarkable progress in his study. 10. stretch back 回溯到 [大綱詞匯] stretch v. 拉長，伸，延； n. 一段時(shí)間，一段路程；拉長，延伸 [經(jīng)典例句] Their conflict stretched back over 20 years. 11. in doubt 懸而未決 [大綱詞匯] doubt n./v.懷疑，疑慮 no doubt 無疑，必定 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] in doubt 有疑問，懸而未決 [經(jīng)典例句] Whether they will adopt the design is still in doubt. 12. broadcasting 廣播 [大綱詞匯] broadcast v./n. 廣播（節(jié)目） [衍生詞匯] broadcasting n.廣播，播音 [經(jīng)典例句] She works for a famous broadcasting company. 13. for the time being 目前 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] for the time being 目前 [經(jīng)典例句] His nephew is living with me for the time being. 14. subject of 的對象 [大綱詞匯] subject n.主題，題目；學(xué)科，科目；主語 a. （to）易遭的，受支配的v. （to）使遭受，使服從 [經(jīng)典例句] The minister of defense became the subject of criticism. 15. nation-wide 全國的 [構(gòu)詞方法] -wide 與名次一起構(gòu)成形容詞，表示全范圍的 [聯(lián)想記憶] world-wide 全世界的 16. debate 辯論 [大綱詞匯] debate v./n.爭論，辯論 [經(jīng)典例句] A debate on farm price support took place in the Senate yesterday. 17. launch 開展 [大綱詞匯] launch v.發(fā)射；使（船）下水；發(fā)動(dòng)；開展；n.發(fā)射；下水 [經(jīng)典例句] The environmentalists launched a campaign against pollution. 18. royal charter 皇家特許證 [大綱詞匯] charter v.租車，租船；n.憲章 [擴(kuò)充詞匯]charter n.特許 19. run out 到期，用完 [大綱詞匯] run out of 用完，用盡，耗盡 [經(jīng)典例句] We are running out of paper./ The paper is running out. 20. keep as it is 按原樣保留 [經(jīng)典例句] The expert suggest we keep the ancient house as it is. 21. be fond of 喜愛 [大綱詞匯] fond a.（of）喜愛的，愛好的 [經(jīng)典例句] My niece is very fond of sweets. 22. quote 引用 [大綱詞匯] quote v. 引用，援引 [衍生詞匯] quotation n.引文，引用 [經(jīng)典例句] The judge quoted various cases in support of his opinion. 23. broke 破產(chǎn)的 [大綱詞匯] broken a.破碎（了）的 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] broke a. 不名一文的，破產(chǎn)的注意：不要混淆兩詞的含義和用法 24. distinct from 與截然不同的 [大綱詞匯] distinct a.清楚的，明顯的；（from）截然不同的 distinction n.差別，區(qū)分 [經(jīng)典例句] His hobbies are distinct from his work. 25. subscription 付款收看 [大綱詞匯] subscribe v.訂閱，訂購 [衍生詞匯] subscription n.訂閱，訂購 [經(jīng)典例句] I entered a subscription to Time for one year. 26. in the long term 從長遠(yuǎn)來看 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] in the long term 從長遠(yuǎn)來看 [經(jīng)典例句] The policy will benefit the growth of economy in the long term. 27. prospect 前景 [大綱詞匯] prospect n.景色；前景，前途；展望 [經(jīng)典例句] We wish his a bright prospect in the future. 28. shrinkage 減少 [大綱詞匯] shrink v. 起皺，收縮；退縮；畏縮 [衍生詞匯] shrinkage n.收縮，縮水；減少，低落 [構(gòu)詞方法] -age后綴，表示動(dòng)作，過程 [聯(lián)想記憶] marriage n.婚姻 breakage n.破損 29. stand for 表示 [大綱詞匯] stand for 代替，代表，意味著 [經(jīng)典例句] BBC stand for British Broadcasting Company. 30. privilege 特權(quán) [大綱詞匯] privilege n.特權(quán)，優(yōu)惠，特許；v. 給予優(yōu)惠，給予特權(quán) [經(jīng)典例句] Education is a privilege in countries where there are still notmany schools. 31. granted by 給予 [大綱詞匯] grant v.同意，準(zhǔn)予；給予，授予；n.授予物 [經(jīng)典例句] He was finally granted an entry visa by the British Embassy. 32. foremost 首要的 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] foremost a. 最前的，最先的；首要的，杰出的 [經(jīng)典例句] He is considered the foremost artist in his country. 33. readjust 重新調(diào)整 [大綱詞匯] adjust v.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；校正 [衍生詞匯] readjust v.重新調(diào)整，使重新適應(yīng) [構(gòu)詞方法] re-前綴，表示又，再，重新 [聯(lián)想記憶] reappear v.再現(xiàn) remarry v.再婚 [經(jīng)典例句] The government readjust its policy on import and export. 34. no other than 正是 [大綱詞匯] other than 不同于 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] no other than 正是 [經(jīng)典例句] Taking his money away is no other than killing him. 35. emergence 出現(xiàn) [大綱詞匯] emerge v.浮現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn) [衍生詞匯] emergence n.出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)；露頭 [詞匯比較] emergency n.緊急情況，突發(fā)事件，非常時(shí)刻注意；兩詞雖只有一個(gè)字母之差，但意思截然不同，注意區(qū)分 [經(jīng)典例句] The past ten years witnessed the emergence of many newenterprises. 36. enforcement 實(shí)施 [大綱詞匯] enforce v.實(shí)行，執(zhí)行；強(qiáng)制 [衍生詞匯] enforcement n.實(shí)施，強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 enforceable a.可執(zhí)行的 [經(jīng)典例句] Many people are against the enforcement of the new Tax Law.
With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewersin Asia and America can now watch the Corporation s news coverage, as well aslisten to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to twoBBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of localradio station. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and currentaffairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children s programmes andfilms for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years - yet theBBC s future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-fundedbroadcasting organisation, at least for the time being, but its role, its sizeand its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone withan opinion of the BBC - including ordinary listeners and viewers - to say whatwas good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it wasworth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC s royal charter runsout in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organisation as it is, or tomake changes. Defenders of the Corporation - of whom there are many - are fond ofquoting the American slogan. If it ain t broke, don t fix it. The BBC ain tbroke, they say, by which they mean it is not broken , so why bother to change it? Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting worldaround it is changing. The commercial TV channels - ITV and Channel 4 - wererequired by the Thatcher Government s Broadcasting Act to become morecommercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs andjobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels - funded partly byadvertising and partly by viewers subscriptions - which will bring about thebiggest changes in the long term. 55. The world famous BBC now faces ________. ?。ˋ） the problem of new coverage （B） an uncertainprospect ?。–） inquiries by the general public （D） shrinkageof audience 56. In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is notmentioned as the key issue? ?。ˋ） Extension of its TV service to Far East. （B） Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate. ?。–） Potentials for further international co-operations. ?。―） Its existence as a broadcasting organisation. 57. The BBC s royal charter （line 4, paragraph 4） stands for________. （A） the financial support from the royal family ?。˙） the privileges granted by the Queen ?。–） a contract with the Queen ?。―） a unique relationship with the royal family 58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is noother than ________. ?。ˋ） the emergence of commercial TV channels ?。˙） the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government （C） the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs ?。―） the challenge of new satellite channels 答案及試題解析 試題解析： 55. （B） 意為：前景不定。 第三段指出，英國廣播公司（BBC）已有70多年的光輝歷程，然而，目前其前景不明（in doubt）。雖然（至少就目前而言）作為一個(gè)公辦廣播機(jī)構(gòu)，廣播公司將繼續(xù)存在下去，但是，其作用、規(guī)模、節(jié)目成為目前英國舉國上下爭論的話題。第四段指出，這場爭論是由政府發(fā)起的。政府要求普通聽眾和觀眾評論廣播公司的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)-甚至于值不值得把它辦下去（was worth keeping）。最后一段指出，廣播公司也的確面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn)，它只有改變自己才能適應(yīng)新的形勢。 A意為：資訊報(bào)道（的范圍）問題。 C意為：公眾的質(zhì)詢。公眾并未主動(dòng)對廣播公司的發(fā)展前景及狀況評頭論足，而是政府要求他們這樣做的。 D意為：觀（聽）眾的減少。 56. （C） 意為：進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行國際合作的潛力。 最后一段指出，由于廣播領(lǐng)域（broadcasting world）正在發(fā)生變化，英國廣播公司也應(yīng)改變自己，以適應(yīng)新形勢。撤切爾政府制定的廣播法要求電視頻道進(jìn)一步商業(yè)化、搞廣告競爭并削減開支與勞務(wù)。新電視頻道的開播將帶來長遠(yuǎn)的巨變?？梢?，這里并未提到國際合作問題。 A意為：將電視廣播擴(kuò)展到遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)。第一段指出，隨著英國廣播公司國際電視節(jié)目的開播，數(shù)百萬亞洲和美洲人不僅可以聽到它的廣播，還可以觀看到它的電視資訊報(bào)道（news coverage）。文章最后一段還提到了衛(wèi)星頻道將會(huì)給廣播公司帶來最大的變化。 B意為：電視節(jié)目成為舉國上下談?wù)摰脑掝}。 D意為：它作為廣播機(jī)構(gòu)的存在。 另請參閱第55題題解。 57. （C）可直譯為：與女王簽的契約。 眾所周知，英國是君主立憲國家，國王代表國家。因此，與女王簽約就等于說該公司是國家辦的廣播公司（a publicly-funded broadcasting station），而不是私營的。charter意為：契約，特許證。原句可譯為：質(zhì)詢的原因是：廣播公司的皇家契約1996年將要到期，因此必須決定廣播公司是保持原樣還是要改革。 A意為：皇族的財(cái)政支持?；首逯竾醯募彝ィc國家是兩碼事。 B意為：女王準(zhǔn)予的一系列特權(quán)。 D意為：與皇族的特殊關(guān)系。 58. （D） 意為：新電視頻道的挑戰(zhàn)。 該題提問部分意為：英國廣播公司不得不自行調(diào)整的最主要原因恰恰是。文章最后一句指出：從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)來看，新電視頻道的開播將無疑會(huì)帶來最大的變化（注意：本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句）。另請參閱第56題題解。 A意為：商業(yè)性電視頻道的出現(xiàn)。 B意為：政府廣播法的實(shí)施。 C意為：降低成本和勞務(wù)的緊迫性。 ?。ˋ）、（B）、（C）雖然都提到了，但都不是作為主要原因而提的。 翻譯句子 1、The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone withan opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers-to say what wasgood or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worthkeeping. [參考譯文] 這場爭論是由政府發(fā)起的，政府請任何一個(gè)對英國廣播公司有意見的人-包括普通的聽眾和觀眾-來說說這個(gè)好在哪里或壞在哪里，甚至要說說他們是否認(rèn)為這個(gè)公司值得被保留下來。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這個(gè)句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 The debate was launched by the Government，使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)。后面which 引導(dǎo)定語從句 which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC修飾government，定語從句中不定式 to say 后面是兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句，一個(gè)由 what 引導(dǎo)，一個(gè)由 whether 引導(dǎo)，兩部分用 and 連接，副詞 even 表示進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)。另外兩個(gè)破折號之間的部分屬于插入成分，是用來進(jìn)一步定義 anyone 的。anyone 后面的 with 介詞詞組也是用來修飾 anyone 的。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 重點(diǎn)是要弄清楚后面定語從句，兩個(gè)賓語從句，還有插入成分之間的層次關(guān)系。另外要注意 be worth doing 的用法，這一結(jié)構(gòu)本身就可以表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，因而 the Corporation was worth keeping 就是英國廣播公司值得被保留的意思。 2、But it is the arrival of new satellite channels-funded partly byadvertising and partly by viewers subscriptions-which will bring about thebiggest changes in the long term. [參考譯文] 但是新的衛(wèi)星頻道的到來它的資金一部分來自于廣告，一部分來自于觀眾的收視費(fèi)將從長遠(yuǎn)意義上導(dǎo)致最巨大的變化。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 首先這個(gè)句子使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) it iswhich，which 指代前面的 channels。破折號中間部分的插入成分相當(dāng)于定語，（which are） funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptions 修飾 channels，其中 and 連接兩個(gè) partlyby。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 注意 bring about 在句中的含義是引起、導(dǎo)致、產(chǎn)生。 難句解析 1、They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and currentaffairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children s programmes andfilms for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. [參考譯文] 每戶每年支付83英鎊的的收視費(fèi)用就可以收看體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、喜劇、戲劇、音樂、資訊與時(shí)事、教育、宗教、關(guān)于議會(huì)的報(bào)道、兒童節(jié)目和電影。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 They are broughtfor an annual license fee，其中謂語部分使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)。實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)是bring 后接雙賓語 bring sb. sth.，在這句話中，直接賓語很長，是一系列名詞的羅列，前面的名詞用逗號連接，最后兩個(gè)并列成分用and 連接。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 重點(diǎn)要注意 they 指代前面提到的 listeners and viewers，這里使用了 bring sb. sth. 這一結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)式 sb. was brought sth.。介詞 for 在這里相當(dāng)于 at the price of。另外 news and current affairs 中的 and 是連接 news 和 currentaffairs 的，而這個(gè)詞組作為一個(gè)整體與其它的名詞 music、education 等并列。 2、The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcastingorganization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and itsprogrammes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. [參考譯文] 英國廣播公司將作為一個(gè)公共基金支持的廣播組織存在下來，至少目前會(huì)這樣，但是它的角色、它的規(guī)模和它的節(jié)目現(xiàn)在在英國成了全國上下的討論話題。 [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是 but 連接了兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子。其中 at least for the time being 前后用逗號與句子其它部分分開，是插入語。前一句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 The Corporation will survive as，后一句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 itsrole, its size and its programs are now the subject。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] The Corporation 指代前面提到的 BBC=British Broadcast Corporation。另外注意 as 的用法，這里它用作介詞，是作為的意思。publicly-funded 由公眾提供資金的；nation-wide 全國范圍內(nèi)的。 3、The BBC ain t broke, they say, by which they mean it is not broken, so why bother tochange it? [參考譯文] 他們說英國廣播公司沒有破產(chǎn)（broke），他們的意思是說它沒有垮掉（broken 和單詞 broke 是有區(qū)別的，broke 的意思是沒有錢），那為什么要自找麻煩去改變它呢？ [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這句話是 so 連接的兩個(gè)因果關(guān)系的句子。they say 是插入語。which 引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾前面引號中的部分 ain t broke。 [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 注意 which 指代的是前面引號中的部分；而且注意區(qū)別 broke 和 broken 在這里的不同意思。why do sth. 這里是個(gè)反問句，是不太正式的用法。注意在此處，作者修正了前面美國俚語 ain t broke 中 broke 一詞的用法錯(cuò)誤，指出其應(yīng)該被寫為 broken。 語言點(diǎn)詳解 1. coverage 資訊報(bào)道 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] coverage n.覆蓋，總括；資訊報(bào)道 [經(jīng)典例句] He wrote a very excellent coverag on the European situation. 2. tune in to 收聽 [大綱詞匯] tune n.調(diào)子，曲調(diào)；和諧，協(xié)調(diào)；v.調(diào)音，調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整 tune in （to sth.）調(diào)諧，收聽 [經(jīng)典例句] She usually tunes in to the news on CNN. 3. dozens of 很多 [大綱詞匯] dozen n.十二個(gè) [經(jīng)典例句] I have dozens of things to do. 4. comedy 喜劇 [大綱詞匯] comedy n.喜劇，喜劇性事件 [相關(guān)詞匯] tragedy .悲劇，悲劇性事件 5. affair 形勢 [大綱詞匯] affair n.事，事情，事件 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] affairs n.事務(wù) [經(jīng)典例句] China will never seek hegemony in the international affairs. 6. parliamentary 議會(huì)的 [大綱詞匯] parliament n. 國會(huì)，議會(huì) [衍生詞匯] parliamentary a. 國會(huì)的，議會(huì)的 [經(jīng)典例句] The new parliamentary building is designed by a famous architect. 7. annual 每年的 [大綱詞匯] annual a. 每年的，年度的；n. 年刊，年鑒 [經(jīng)典例句] The financial department submitted the annual report to the board. 8. household 家庭 [大綱詞匯] household n.戶，家庭，全家人 [經(jīng)典例句] How many people are there in your household? 9. remarkable 值得注意的 [大綱詞匯] remarkable a.值得注意的；顯著的，異常的，非凡的 [經(jīng)典例句] He has made remarkable progress in his study. 10. stretch back 回溯到 [大綱詞匯] stretch v. 拉長，伸，延； n. 一段時(shí)間，一段路程；拉長，延伸 [經(jīng)典例句] Their conflict stretched back over 20 years. 11. in doubt 懸而未決 [大綱詞匯] doubt n./v.懷疑，疑慮 no doubt 無疑，必定 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] in doubt 有疑問，懸而未決 [經(jīng)典例句] Whether they will adopt the design is still in doubt. 12. broadcasting 廣播 [大綱詞匯] broadcast v./n. 廣播（節(jié)目） [衍生詞匯] broadcasting n.廣播，播音 [經(jīng)典例句] She works for a famous broadcasting company. 13. for the time being 目前 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] for the time being 目前 [經(jīng)典例句] His nephew is living with me for the time being. 14. subject of 的對象 [大綱詞匯] subject n.主題，題目；學(xué)科，科目；主語 a. （to）易遭的，受支配的v. （to）使遭受，使服從 [經(jīng)典例句] The minister of defense became the subject of criticism. 15. nation-wide 全國的 [構(gòu)詞方法] -wide 與名次一起構(gòu)成形容詞，表示全范圍的 [聯(lián)想記憶] world-wide 全世界的 16. debate 辯論 [大綱詞匯] debate v./n.爭論，辯論 [經(jīng)典例句] A debate on farm price support took place in the Senate yesterday. 17. launch 開展 [大綱詞匯] launch v.發(fā)射；使（船）下水；發(fā)動(dòng)；開展；n.發(fā)射；下水 [經(jīng)典例句] The environmentalists launched a campaign against pollution. 18. royal charter 皇家特許證 [大綱詞匯] charter v.租車，租船；n.憲章 [擴(kuò)充詞匯]charter n.特許 19. run out 到期，用完 [大綱詞匯] run out of 用完，用盡，耗盡 [經(jīng)典例句] We are running out of paper./ The paper is running out. 20. keep as it is 按原樣保留 [經(jīng)典例句] The expert suggest we keep the ancient house as it is. 21. be fond of 喜愛 [大綱詞匯] fond a.（of）喜愛的，愛好的 [經(jīng)典例句] My niece is very fond of sweets. 22. quote 引用 [大綱詞匯] quote v. 引用，援引 [衍生詞匯] quotation n.引文，引用 [經(jīng)典例句] The judge quoted various cases in support of his opinion. 23. broke 破產(chǎn)的 [大綱詞匯] broken a.破碎（了）的 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] broke a. 不名一文的，破產(chǎn)的注意：不要混淆兩詞的含義和用法 24. distinct from 與截然不同的 [大綱詞匯] distinct a.清楚的，明顯的；（from）截然不同的 distinction n.差別，區(qū)分 [經(jīng)典例句] His hobbies are distinct from his work. 25. subscription 付款收看 [大綱詞匯] subscribe v.訂閱，訂購 [衍生詞匯] subscription n.訂閱，訂購 [經(jīng)典例句] I entered a subscription to Time for one year. 26. in the long term 從長遠(yuǎn)來看 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] in the long term 從長遠(yuǎn)來看 [經(jīng)典例句] The policy will benefit the growth of economy in the long term. 27. prospect 前景 [大綱詞匯] prospect n.景色；前景，前途；展望 [經(jīng)典例句] We wish his a bright prospect in the future. 28. shrinkage 減少 [大綱詞匯] shrink v. 起皺，收縮；退縮；畏縮 [衍生詞匯] shrinkage n.收縮，縮水；減少，低落 [構(gòu)詞方法] -age后綴，表示動(dòng)作，過程 [聯(lián)想記憶] marriage n.婚姻 breakage n.破損 29. stand for 表示 [大綱詞匯] stand for 代替，代表，意味著 [經(jīng)典例句] BBC stand for British Broadcasting Company. 30. privilege 特權(quán) [大綱詞匯] privilege n.特權(quán)，優(yōu)惠，特許；v. 給予優(yōu)惠，給予特權(quán) [經(jīng)典例句] Education is a privilege in countries where there are still notmany schools. 31. granted by 給予 [大綱詞匯] grant v.同意，準(zhǔn)予；給予，授予；n.授予物 [經(jīng)典例句] He was finally granted an entry visa by the British Embassy. 32. foremost 首要的 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] foremost a. 最前的，最先的；首要的，杰出的 [經(jīng)典例句] He is considered the foremost artist in his country. 33. readjust 重新調(diào)整 [大綱詞匯] adjust v.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；校正 [衍生詞匯] readjust v.重新調(diào)整，使重新適應(yīng) [構(gòu)詞方法] re-前綴，表示又，再，重新 [聯(lián)想記憶] reappear v.再現(xiàn) remarry v.再婚 [經(jīng)典例句] The government readjust its policy on import and export. 34. no other than 正是 [大綱詞匯] other than 不同于 [擴(kuò)充詞匯] no other than 正是 [經(jīng)典例句] Taking his money away is no other than killing him. 35. emergence 出現(xiàn) [大綱詞匯] emerge v.浮現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn) [衍生詞匯] emergence n.出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)；露頭 [詞匯比較] emergency n.緊急情況，突發(fā)事件，非常時(shí)刻注意；兩詞雖只有一個(gè)字母之差，但意思截然不同，注意區(qū)分 [經(jīng)典例句] The past ten years witnessed the emergence of many newenterprises. 36. enforcement 實(shí)施 [大綱詞匯] enforce v.實(shí)行，執(zhí)行；強(qiáng)制 [衍生詞匯] enforcement n.實(shí)施，強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 enforceable a.可執(zhí)行的 [經(jīng)典例句] Many people are against the enforcement of the new Tax Law.
