2023年考研經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人中英文對照屏蔽廣告的沖擊
Francev Google
法國V谷歌
XavierNiel is playing rough with the internet giant
澤維爾-尼爾與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭激烈對抗
Jan12th 2023 | PARIS| from the print edition
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IN2011 Google spent over 100m on grand19th-century digs in Paris which look a little like the Elyse Palace, the official home of the president. That may have been amistake. The firms deep coffers have now attracted theattention of Xavier Niel, an entrepreneur who delights in making pots of moneyat the expense of the establishment.2011年谷歌斥資一億歐元在巴黎購買一幢19世紀(jì)的豪華寓所。該寓所看上去類似愛麗舍宮法國總統(tǒng)的官邸。這一舉動也許是個錯誤。谷歌的雄厚財力引起了承包商澤維爾-尼爾的注意，他很樂于以谷歌為踏腳石賺取巨資。
OnJanuary 3rd Mr Niels company, Free, which is Frances second-biggest internet-service provider , upgraded thesoftware on the modems it supplies to customers. Online ads were blocked bydefault. The move, which was aimed chiefly at Google, caused a massive rumpus.
1月3日，尼爾的公司法國第二大網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)供應(yīng)商FREE，升級了供顧客使用的調(diào)節(jié)器的軟件。系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)攔截廣告。這一主要針對谷歌的舉措引發(fā)巨大爭議。
TheAmerican firm had reportedly been in negotiations with Free over whether to paythe ISP directly for the connection to its subscribers. On the internet, theconvention is that ISPs such as Free cover the cost of their networks bycharging their subscribers rather than providers of content. Google isaccustomed to grumbles by ISPs that it does not contribute directly to the costof their networks. It is also used to governments, such as Chinas, blocking its services for political reasons. But never has itfaced an attack of this type from a private company.
據(jù)稱美國公司與FREE公司就是否為訂閱鏈接而直接向ISP付費(fèi)問題進(jìn)行磋商。網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，按慣例，類似于FREE的ISP公司向訂閱者繳費(fèi)用以支付網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本，而非向內(nèi)容供應(yīng)商索取費(fèi)用。谷歌對ISP公司稱其不對網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本直接負(fù)責(zé)的抱怨習(xí)以為常。也習(xí)慣于中國政府等政府出于政治原因封鎖其服務(wù)的行為。
Freewas showing its clout by threatening to damage Googlesadvertising-driven business model in France. Mr Nielscalculation was that few of his 5m-odd customers would leave just because thedefault settings deprived them of Googles ads. Defaultsettings are quite easy to change, after all. Free is also suspected ofdeliberately choking off its subscribers connection toYouTube, Googles video-streaming service, during peakhours. YouTube takes up lots of bandwidth on the internet, especially as morepeople choose to watch Gangnam Style and Dumb Ways to Die in high definition. The telecoms regulator is investigating.
FREE公司威脅損壞谷歌在法國的廣告驅(qū)動商業(yè)模式，以展現(xiàn)其影響力。尼爾估計公司的500完用戶很少會因?yàn)槟J(rèn)攔截谷歌的廣告而流失掉。畢竟，默認(rèn)設(shè)置輕易就可以改變。FREE公司也涉嫌高峰時段故意攔截YouTube，谷歌視頻流服務(wù)鏈接。YouTube占用大量寬帶，尤其當(dāng)更過的人觀看高清版江南Style，蠢蠢的死法的時候。電信監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)正在介入調(diào)查。
MrNiel responded to the accusations last year by pointing out that many YouTubevideos can in any case be watched on Dailymotion, a video-sharing website thathappens to be French and partly owned by the government.
去年，尼爾回應(yīng)眾多指控指出在很多情況下，許多 YouTube視頻都可以視頻分享網(wǎng)站每日影像上觀看。每日影像恰巧是法語播放，并由法國政府部分控股。
Advertisersand newspaper websites immediately cried foul and got the government to lean onFree to remove the ad block, which it did on January 8th. Supporters of networkneutrality, the idea that the internets tubes shouldtreat all packets of data in exactly the same way regardless of origin,denounced Free for trampling on web freedom.
廣告商和報紙網(wǎng)站立即叫屈，要求政府依靠FREE公司撤銷1月8號的攔截。認(rèn)為持有網(wǎng)絡(luò)線路無論出處對所有數(shù)據(jù)包一視同仁這一網(wǎng)絡(luò)中立觀點(diǎn)的支持者譴責(zé)FREE公司踐踏網(wǎng)絡(luò)自由。
Despitethe governments involvement in ending the block, MrNiel may have its tacit support for his move against Google. France is alreadyinvestigating whether the company pays much less tax than it should . Frees strike at Google may even give the hungry finance ministry ideasabout how to force it to pay more taxes, says CdricManara, a professor of internet law at EDHEC, a French business school.
盡管政府介入解除攔截，尼爾針對谷歌的措施將得到背地的支持。法國已經(jīng)開始調(diào)查該公司是否偷稅漏稅。法國商學(xué)院EDHEC的網(wǎng)絡(luò)法律專家 CdricManara表示，F(xiàn)REE針對谷歌的行為甚至?xí)l(fā)困乏的財務(wù)部，迫使公司繳納更多的稅款。
Frenchnewspapers, too, are trying to force Google to pay them for referencing theircontent. This week Fleur Pellerin, Frances digitalminister, said, backing Free, that there are real questions over how web firmscontribute to the financing of networks. There will be a government debate onthe subject on January 15th.
法國報刊也試圖迫使谷歌為引用其報刊內(nèi)容而付費(fèi)。本周支持FREE公司的法國數(shù)據(jù)部長Fleur Pellerin表示，網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司怎樣為網(wǎng)絡(luò)融資出力確實(shí)存在爭議。1月15日政府將就此展開討論。
Manypeople expect the fight to continue well after that. The stakes are high.Should Google cave in to Free in France by paying high fees to reach itssubscribers, it would face calls to do the same elsewhere. Google can arguethat the only reason why ISPs like Free have a business model at all is thatpeople want the content that it and other companies provide.
許多人認(rèn)為此后爭斗將持續(xù)進(jìn)行。利益巨大。如果谷歌屈服于法國FREE公司，支付高額費(fèi)用以溝通用戶，他將可能面臨其他地方的各種付費(fèi)要求。谷歌爭辯到類似FREE的ISP公司擁有其商業(yè)模式的唯一原因在于大眾需要谷歌和其他公司提供的內(nèi)容。
MrNiel will be loth to raise more revenue by charging subscribers more whencheapness is his selling point. Frees launch of acheap mobile-phone service last year had a spectacular impact on the Frenchmarket, notes Franois Godard of Enders Analysis, a research firm. The averageprice of all French mobile-phone calls fell by nearly a fifth as millions ofpeople flocked to his new product. For this he is heartily disliked by rivalFrench telecoms bosses. But if he can win against Google, they will be toastinghim with champagne.
尼爾的賣點(diǎn)在于廉價，因此他不愿向用戶收取更多費(fèi)用增加收益。調(diào)查公司 Franois Godard of Enders Analysis表示，去年，F(xiàn)REE發(fā)行了一款便宜的手機(jī)服務(wù)，對法國市場影響巨大。由于千萬的消費(fèi)者涌向新產(chǎn)品，法國手機(jī)平均價格下跌五分之一。與其競爭的法國電信老總都極為討厭尼爾。但是，如果他可以勝過谷歌，他們將舉杯相慶。
Francev Google
法國V谷歌
XavierNiel is playing rough with the internet giant
澤維爾-尼爾與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭激烈對抗
Jan12th 2023 | PARIS| from the print edition
Tweet
IN2011 Google spent over 100m on grand19th-century digs in Paris which look a little like the Elyse Palace, the official home of the president. That may have been amistake. The firms deep coffers have now attracted theattention of Xavier Niel, an entrepreneur who delights in making pots of moneyat the expense of the establishment.2011年谷歌斥資一億歐元在巴黎購買一幢19世紀(jì)的豪華寓所。該寓所看上去類似愛麗舍宮法國總統(tǒng)的官邸。這一舉動也許是個錯誤。谷歌的雄厚財力引起了承包商澤維爾-尼爾的注意，他很樂于以谷歌為踏腳石賺取巨資。
OnJanuary 3rd Mr Niels company, Free, which is Frances second-biggest internet-service provider , upgraded thesoftware on the modems it supplies to customers. Online ads were blocked bydefault. The move, which was aimed chiefly at Google, caused a massive rumpus.
1月3日，尼爾的公司法國第二大網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)供應(yīng)商FREE，升級了供顧客使用的調(diào)節(jié)器的軟件。系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)攔截廣告。這一主要針對谷歌的舉措引發(fā)巨大爭議。
TheAmerican firm had reportedly been in negotiations with Free over whether to paythe ISP directly for the connection to its subscribers. On the internet, theconvention is that ISPs such as Free cover the cost of their networks bycharging their subscribers rather than providers of content. Google isaccustomed to grumbles by ISPs that it does not contribute directly to the costof their networks. It is also used to governments, such as Chinas, blocking its services for political reasons. But never has itfaced an attack of this type from a private company.
據(jù)稱美國公司與FREE公司就是否為訂閱鏈接而直接向ISP付費(fèi)問題進(jìn)行磋商。網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，按慣例，類似于FREE的ISP公司向訂閱者繳費(fèi)用以支付網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本，而非向內(nèi)容供應(yīng)商索取費(fèi)用。谷歌對ISP公司稱其不對網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本直接負(fù)責(zé)的抱怨習(xí)以為常。也習(xí)慣于中國政府等政府出于政治原因封鎖其服務(wù)的行為。
Freewas showing its clout by threatening to damage Googlesadvertising-driven business model in France. Mr Nielscalculation was that few of his 5m-odd customers would leave just because thedefault settings deprived them of Googles ads. Defaultsettings are quite easy to change, after all. Free is also suspected ofdeliberately choking off its subscribers connection toYouTube, Googles video-streaming service, during peakhours. YouTube takes up lots of bandwidth on the internet, especially as morepeople choose to watch Gangnam Style and Dumb Ways to Die in high definition. The telecoms regulator is investigating.
FREE公司威脅損壞谷歌在法國的廣告驅(qū)動商業(yè)模式，以展現(xiàn)其影響力。尼爾估計公司的500完用戶很少會因?yàn)槟J(rèn)攔截谷歌的廣告而流失掉。畢竟，默認(rèn)設(shè)置輕易就可以改變。FREE公司也涉嫌高峰時段故意攔截YouTube，谷歌視頻流服務(wù)鏈接。YouTube占用大量寬帶，尤其當(dāng)更過的人觀看高清版江南Style，蠢蠢的死法的時候。電信監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)正在介入調(diào)查。
MrNiel responded to the accusations last year by pointing out that many YouTubevideos can in any case be watched on Dailymotion, a video-sharing website thathappens to be French and partly owned by the government.
去年，尼爾回應(yīng)眾多指控指出在很多情況下，許多 YouTube視頻都可以視頻分享網(wǎng)站每日影像上觀看。每日影像恰巧是法語播放，并由法國政府部分控股。
Advertisersand newspaper websites immediately cried foul and got the government to lean onFree to remove the ad block, which it did on January 8th. Supporters of networkneutrality, the idea that the internets tubes shouldtreat all packets of data in exactly the same way regardless of origin,denounced Free for trampling on web freedom.
廣告商和報紙網(wǎng)站立即叫屈，要求政府依靠FREE公司撤銷1月8號的攔截。認(rèn)為持有網(wǎng)絡(luò)線路無論出處對所有數(shù)據(jù)包一視同仁這一網(wǎng)絡(luò)中立觀點(diǎn)的支持者譴責(zé)FREE公司踐踏網(wǎng)絡(luò)自由。
Despitethe governments involvement in ending the block, MrNiel may have its tacit support for his move against Google. France is alreadyinvestigating whether the company pays much less tax than it should . Frees strike at Google may even give the hungry finance ministry ideasabout how to force it to pay more taxes, says CdricManara, a professor of internet law at EDHEC, a French business school.
盡管政府介入解除攔截，尼爾針對谷歌的措施將得到背地的支持。法國已經(jīng)開始調(diào)查該公司是否偷稅漏稅。法國商學(xué)院EDHEC的網(wǎng)絡(luò)法律專家 CdricManara表示，F(xiàn)REE針對谷歌的行為甚至?xí)l(fā)困乏的財務(wù)部，迫使公司繳納更多的稅款。
Frenchnewspapers, too, are trying to force Google to pay them for referencing theircontent. This week Fleur Pellerin, Frances digitalminister, said, backing Free, that there are real questions over how web firmscontribute to the financing of networks. There will be a government debate onthe subject on January 15th.
法國報刊也試圖迫使谷歌為引用其報刊內(nèi)容而付費(fèi)。本周支持FREE公司的法國數(shù)據(jù)部長Fleur Pellerin表示，網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司怎樣為網(wǎng)絡(luò)融資出力確實(shí)存在爭議。1月15日政府將就此展開討論。
Manypeople expect the fight to continue well after that. The stakes are high.Should Google cave in to Free in France by paying high fees to reach itssubscribers, it would face calls to do the same elsewhere. Google can arguethat the only reason why ISPs like Free have a business model at all is thatpeople want the content that it and other companies provide.
許多人認(rèn)為此后爭斗將持續(xù)進(jìn)行。利益巨大。如果谷歌屈服于法國FREE公司，支付高額費(fèi)用以溝通用戶，他將可能面臨其他地方的各種付費(fèi)要求。谷歌爭辯到類似FREE的ISP公司擁有其商業(yè)模式的唯一原因在于大眾需要谷歌和其他公司提供的內(nèi)容。
MrNiel will be loth to raise more revenue by charging subscribers more whencheapness is his selling point. Frees launch of acheap mobile-phone service last year had a spectacular impact on the Frenchmarket, notes Franois Godard of Enders Analysis, a research firm. The averageprice of all French mobile-phone calls fell by nearly a fifth as millions ofpeople flocked to his new product. For this he is heartily disliked by rivalFrench telecoms bosses. But if he can win against Google, they will be toastinghim with champagne.
尼爾的賣點(diǎn)在于廉價，因此他不愿向用戶收取更多費(fèi)用增加收益。調(diào)查公司 Franois Godard of Enders Analysis表示，去年，F(xiàn)REE發(fā)行了一款便宜的手機(jī)服務(wù)，對法國市場影響巨大。由于千萬的消費(fèi)者涌向新產(chǎn)品，法國手機(jī)平均價格下跌五分之一。與其競爭的法國電信老總都極為討厭尼爾。但是，如果他可以勝過谷歌，他們將舉杯相慶。
