［分詞］分詞作定語

　　不及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達(dá)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)完成；及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)，過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)。分詞的完成式一般不作定語。分詞作其他成分時(shí)，也是如此。分詞作定語，單個(gè)的分詞作定語一般前置；分詞詞組，個(gè)別分詞如given， left等，修飾不定代詞等的分詞，作定語需后置。例如：

　　We can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到東升的旭日

　　He is a retired worker.　 他是位退休的工人

　　There was a girl sitting there.　有個(gè)女孩坐在那里

　　This is the question given.　　 這是所給的問題

　　There is nothing interesting.　 沒有有趣的東西

　　分詞作定語相當(dāng)于定語從句，如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.

　　典型例題

　　1） The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

　　A. have written　 B. to be written　 C. being written　 D. written

　　答案D. 書與寫作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞做定語表被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于定語從句 which was written

　　2）Whats the language ____ in Germany？

　　A. speaking　　B. spoken　　 C. be spoken　　D. to speak

　　答案B. 主語language與謂語動(dòng)詞之間有被動(dòng)的含義。spoken，在句中作定語，修飾主語language， spoken 與 language有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。該句可以理解為：Whats the language （which is） spoken in German？

　　不及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達(dá)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)完成；及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)，過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)。分詞的完成式一般不作定語。分詞作其他成分時(shí)，也是如此。分詞作定語，單個(gè)的分詞作定語一般前置；分詞詞組，個(gè)別分詞如given， left等，修飾不定代詞等的分詞，作定語需后置。例如：

　　We can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到東升的旭日

　　He is a retired worker.　 他是位退休的工人

　　There was a girl sitting there.　有個(gè)女孩坐在那里

　　This is the question given.　　 這是所給的問題

　　There is nothing interesting.　 沒有有趣的東西

　　分詞作定語相當(dāng)于定語從句，如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.

　　典型例題

　　1） The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

　　A. have written　 B. to be written　 C. being written　 D. written

　　答案D. 書與寫作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞做定語表被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于定語從句 which was written

　　2）Whats the language ____ in Germany？

　　A. speaking　　B. spoken　　 C. be spoken　　D. to speak

　　答案B. 主語language與謂語動(dòng)詞之間有被動(dòng)的含義。spoken，在句中作定語，修飾主語language， spoken 與 language有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。該句可以理解為：Whats the language （which is） spoken in German？