高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng) 狀語(yǔ)從句

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2009-03-18 11:31 來(lái)源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 作者：佚名 [打印] [評(píng)論]

一.定義: 在句中作狀語(yǔ)的從句就叫做狀語(yǔ)從句

二.分類(lèi): 狀語(yǔ)從句包括以下八類(lèi)

1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句: 由when, while, as, before, after, since, till / until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)

a. I shall tell him the good news when he comes.

2.原因狀語(yǔ)從句: 由because, as, since, for等引導(dǎo)

a. He didnt hear me because he was listening to the radio.

b. Since you are free today, you had better show me how to use the computer.

3.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句: 由where等引導(dǎo)

a. Please put the book where it was after you finish reading it.

4.條件狀語(yǔ)從句: 由if, unless等引導(dǎo)

a. I will come to see you if I have time on Sunday.

5.比較或方式狀語(yǔ)從句: 由than, as, as if, as...as...等引導(dǎo)

a. I know you do better than he does.

b. The old worker runs very fast as if he were a young man.

6.目的狀語(yǔ)從句: 由so that, in order that等引導(dǎo)

a. They set out early so that they could arrive at the station in good time.

7.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句: 由so, so that, so / such...that...等引導(dǎo)

a. They set out early so that they arrived at the station in good time.

b. He finished his work so well that the boss praised him in public.

8.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句: 由though / although, even if, whatever, whoever, whenever, no matter what / who等引導(dǎo)

a. He is in very good health though he is old.

b. They didnt stop working even if it began to rain hard.

三.應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題:

1.時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常用一般時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)

a. I will go and see a film if I have time tomorrow.

b. I will tell the about it as soon as he comes back.

c. He said he would go out for a walk when he finished his work.

2.狀語(yǔ)從句中可有省略: 在一個(gè)含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中, 如果主句和狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)相同, 或狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it, 并且狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí), 可以將狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和be一起省略掉

a. As (she was ) a child, she began to learn English.

b. If ( he was ) alive, he must be at least ninety years old.

c. Although ( he was ) told to stop, he kept on working.

d. If ( it is) necessary, ring me up.

e. He didnt say a single word until ( he was ) asked.

3.as和than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句中, 從句中和主句中相同的部分往往省略, 從句中只剩下比較對(duì)象

a. He is a head taller than I ( am tall ).

than之后的人稱(chēng)代詞是主格或賓格時(shí), 有時(shí)意思不同, 如:

a. She likes the dog more than me.=She likes the dog more than she likes me.她喜歡狗比喜歡我更多

b. She likes the dog more than I.=She likes the dog more than I like the god. 她比我更喜歡狗

4.含有no soonerthan和hardly / barely / scarcely when的句子相當(dāng)于含有as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子. no sooner或 hardly放在句首時(shí), 主謂要部分倒裝

a. He had no sooner seen the policeman than he ran away. =No sooner had he seen the policeman than he ran away. =He ran away as soon as he saw the policemen.

b. He had hardly sat down when the telephone rang. =Hardly had he sat down when the telephone rang. =The telephone rang as soon as he sat down.

5.immediately, directly, instantly等詞也可以作為連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 相當(dāng)于as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

a. I went to see him immediately I heard from him. =I went to see him as soon as I heard from him.

6.the moment, the minute, the second引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 相當(dāng)于as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

a. He let out a cry the moment he saw the snake.=He let out a cry as soon as he saw the snake.

7.each time, every time, any time, last time, next time, first time可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

a. They shake hands with each other each time they meet.

8.since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中, 若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 則其過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的完成或狀態(tài)的結(jié)束

a. It is five years since he lived here. 他不住這里己有五年了