雅思閱讀“段落標(biāo)題”的趨勢閱讀法
有些時候，選項標(biāo)題不是對于段落的概括，而是對于段落中某處細(xì)節(jié)的概括。在這種情況下，題目就會變得很難。做題方法依然不變。這種題目一開始肯定無從選擇，所以放在最后用排出法做，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)選項中沒有一個標(biāo)題能涵蓋段意。到此為止，除了通讀全段別無他法。當(dāng)然通讀也應(yīng)得法。在這兒順便講一種方法，我稱之為主題趨勢閱讀法，此法主要用于段落中大量細(xì)節(jié)的掃讀，省時省力。在閱讀中碰到長句時，不能從左到右，依次逐字讀之，而先是要查找句子的主題。主題一般為具體名詞，出現(xiàn)在主語和賓語的位置上。然后查看主題的趨向，通常就是作者對主題的態(tài)度，有褒貶之分，所以主要看句內(nèi)的形容詞和動詞。掌握這兩點(diǎn)，其實(shí)句子的意思就已經(jīng)掌握。然后依次類推，讀完段內(nèi)所有句子。請再看一實(shí)例：
life for the descendants of the thule people is still harsh. nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the north pole. its currently home to 2500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous inuit. over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territorys 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing. provisions available in local shops have to be flown into nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. it would cost a family around 7,000 pounds a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. economic opportunities are scarce, and for many people state benefits are their only income.
讓我們一句句看。首句主題是當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳?，趨勢是艱苦的;接下來幾句主題是當(dāng)?shù)厝艘约爸苓叺牡乩怼膒rovisions一句起至段末，文章一直在談給養(yǎng)和糧食的問題。讀完段落，再看選項。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有iii alternative sources of essential supplies一項可能性最大，因為其中的essential supplies和段落最后一部分關(guān)于給養(yǎng)的主題吻合。驗證一下，看alternative能否在文中找到替換。就從provisions開始往下找，發(fā)現(xiàn)replace和alternative在上下文中表達(dá)的是一個意思，于是鎖定答案。
筆者寫這篇文章的目的與其說是為了探討段落標(biāo)題題，不如說是提醒考生讀文章的重要性?？偠灾?，考生在準(zhǔn)備考試時，切不可只顧做題，而忽視了閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練。就拿劍橋這幾本書來說，要考高分，上面的文章必須逐一精讀。
有些時候，選項標(biāo)題不是對于段落的概括，而是對于段落中某處細(xì)節(jié)的概括。在這種情況下，題目就會變得很難。做題方法依然不變。這種題目一開始肯定無從選擇，所以放在最后用排出法做，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)選項中沒有一個標(biāo)題能涵蓋段意。到此為止，除了通讀全段別無他法。當(dāng)然通讀也應(yīng)得法。在這兒順便講一種方法，我稱之為主題趨勢閱讀法，此法主要用于段落中大量細(xì)節(jié)的掃讀，省時省力。在閱讀中碰到長句時，不能從左到右，依次逐字讀之，而先是要查找句子的主題。主題一般為具體名詞，出現(xiàn)在主語和賓語的位置上。然后查看主題的趨向，通常就是作者對主題的態(tài)度，有褒貶之分，所以主要看句內(nèi)的形容詞和動詞。掌握這兩點(diǎn)，其實(shí)句子的意思就已經(jīng)掌握。然后依次類推，讀完段內(nèi)所有句子。請再看一實(shí)例：
life for the descendants of the thule people is still harsh. nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the north pole. its currently home to 2500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous inuit. over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territorys 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing. provisions available in local shops have to be flown into nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. it would cost a family around 7,000 pounds a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. economic opportunities are scarce, and for many people state benefits are their only income.
讓我們一句句看。首句主題是當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳?，趨勢是艱苦的;接下來幾句主題是當(dāng)?shù)厝艘约爸苓叺牡乩怼膒rovisions一句起至段末，文章一直在談給養(yǎng)和糧食的問題。讀完段落，再看選項。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有iii alternative sources of essential supplies一項可能性最大，因為其中的essential supplies和段落最后一部分關(guān)于給養(yǎng)的主題吻合。驗證一下，看alternative能否在文中找到替換。就從provisions開始往下找，發(fā)現(xiàn)replace和alternative在上下文中表達(dá)的是一個意思，于是鎖定答案。
筆者寫這篇文章的目的與其說是為了探討段落標(biāo)題題，不如說是提醒考生讀文章的重要性?？偠灾?，考生在準(zhǔn)備考試時，切不可只顧做題，而忽視了閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練。就拿劍橋這幾本書來說，要考高分，上面的文章必須逐一精讀。
