雅思閱讀:題型歸納Summary (Part 4)
二、Summary的變體
我們已經(jīng)對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型的Summary進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明,那么Summary的變體是什么呢?我們來(lái)看看雅思題型中的Notes Completion。
所謂變體,即在符合Summary基本特征的同時(shí)具備某些特殊性。Notes Completion是 這樣的么?讓我們先回答幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:
Question One:Notes在這里指什么?
Answer:注意,這里的notes不是紙條,不是便簽,而是筆記!
Question Two:我們一般什么時(shí)候記筆記?
Answer:上課,聽(tīng)講座等時(shí)候都是taking notes的經(jīng)典場(chǎng)合。
Question Three:怎么記筆記呢什么信息都可以放在筆記里面嗎?
Answer:答案是否定的。出現(xiàn)在notes里的信息,首先要能夠幫助讀者掌握大意,而不是無(wú)關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)。但同時(shí),由于僅僅是notes,所以和Summary相比,相對(duì)缺乏內(nèi)容的完整性和豐滿性。從某種意義上說(shuō),notes更像是一個(gè)outline,通過(guò)一定的結(jié)構(gòu)編寫(xiě)出來(lái),間或插入一些用以示例的重要細(xì)節(jié)。
也正是因?yàn)楹褚稽c(diǎn),盡管看起來(lái)往往不像Summary那樣是由完整、連續(xù)的多個(gè)句子所構(gòu)成的段落,notes所包含的不完整的句子同樣能夠通過(guò)信息的編排方式體現(xiàn)出句子與句子之間、短語(yǔ)和短語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。而這,是notes之所以在本書(shū)被認(rèn)為是Summary的變體的根本原因Summary一定要體現(xiàn)出前后文字間的特定邏輯。
另外,從純粹的外觀和完成答案的方式來(lái)看,Notes Completion也和Summary一樣是填空題的一種,所以在內(nèi)在的語(yǔ)法制約層面也是相似的。我們來(lái)看一些劍橋雅思系列中出現(xiàn)的Notes Completion的實(shí)例。
1. 整句型Notes Completion
Questions 8-13
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
In the first strategy, words with the lowest absenteeism in different periods would win prizes denoted by
In the second strategy, staff were given more control over their
In the third strategy, nurses who appeared to be taking ... sick leave or were identified and counseled.
Initially, there was a per cent decrease in absenteeism.
The first strategy was considered ineffective and stopped. The second and third strategies generally resulted in better among staff.
二、Summary的變體
我們已經(jīng)對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型的Summary進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明,那么Summary的變體是什么呢?我們來(lái)看看雅思題型中的Notes Completion。
所謂變體,即在符合Summary基本特征的同時(shí)具備某些特殊性。Notes Completion是 這樣的么?讓我們先回答幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:
Question One:Notes在這里指什么?
Answer:注意,這里的notes不是紙條,不是便簽,而是筆記!
Question Two:我們一般什么時(shí)候記筆記?
Answer:上課,聽(tīng)講座等時(shí)候都是taking notes的經(jīng)典場(chǎng)合。
Question Three:怎么記筆記呢什么信息都可以放在筆記里面嗎?
Answer:答案是否定的。出現(xiàn)在notes里的信息,首先要能夠幫助讀者掌握大意,而不是無(wú)關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)。但同時(shí),由于僅僅是notes,所以和Summary相比,相對(duì)缺乏內(nèi)容的完整性和豐滿性。從某種意義上說(shuō),notes更像是一個(gè)outline,通過(guò)一定的結(jié)構(gòu)編寫(xiě)出來(lái),間或插入一些用以示例的重要細(xì)節(jié)。
也正是因?yàn)楹褚稽c(diǎn),盡管看起來(lái)往往不像Summary那樣是由完整、連續(xù)的多個(gè)句子所構(gòu)成的段落,notes所包含的不完整的句子同樣能夠通過(guò)信息的編排方式體現(xiàn)出句子與句子之間、短語(yǔ)和短語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。而這,是notes之所以在本書(shū)被認(rèn)為是Summary的變體的根本原因Summary一定要體現(xiàn)出前后文字間的特定邏輯。
另外,從純粹的外觀和完成答案的方式來(lái)看,Notes Completion也和Summary一樣是填空題的一種,所以在內(nèi)在的語(yǔ)法制約層面也是相似的。我們來(lái)看一些劍橋雅思系列中出現(xiàn)的Notes Completion的實(shí)例。
1. 整句型Notes Completion
Questions 8-13
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
In the first strategy, words with the lowest absenteeism in different periods would win prizes denoted by
In the second strategy, staff were given more control over their
In the third strategy, nurses who appeared to be taking ... sick leave or were identified and counseled.
Initially, there was a per cent decrease in absenteeism.
The first strategy was considered ineffective and stopped. The second and third strategies generally resulted in better among staff.