淺談雅思閱讀中段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題答題訣竅
通常在解答雅思閱讀中段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)這種題型時(shí),很多考生習(xí)慣于機(jī)械地通過(guò)閱讀各個(gè)段落的首句,第二句或者最后一句來(lái)尋找各個(gè)段落的主題句,即該段中歸納概括段落大意或中心思想的句子。然而,在全面分析完劍橋雅思全真試題集1-6中所有收錄的段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題后,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),絕大部分此類題的正確答案確實(shí)可以通過(guò)確定主題句獲得,但有些段落安排以及正確選項(xiàng)的歸納并沒(méi)有考生期待得那么簡(jiǎn)單。粗略歸納一下,大致有以下幾個(gè)特殊性。本文將從這些特殊段落的特點(diǎn)出發(fā),舉實(shí)例來(lái)具體分析其應(yīng)對(duì)策略。
特點(diǎn)1:段落內(nèi)容均為舉例
策略:略讀舉例內(nèi)容,大致了解舉例目的,并將其與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)照,與舉例目的表達(dá)相同觀點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)即為正解。
例: The Dutch are not the only would-be moles. Growing numbers of Europeans are burrowing below ground to create houses, offices, discos and shopping malls in winter months in Montreal, Canada, for instance, citizens can escape the cold in an underground complex compete with shops and even health clinics. In Tokyo builders are planning a massive underground city to be begun in the next decade, and underground shopping malls are already common in Japan
分析:很明顯,此段沒(méi)有所謂的主題句,而是以Europe, Canada 以及Tokyo為例.在快速看完舉例部分后,我們不難總結(jié)出,舉例的目的是要說(shuō)明世界各地正著手開(kāi)發(fā)包括地下城市,地下診所,地下舞廳和地下購(gòu)物中心在內(nèi)的多樣化地下服務(wù)設(shè)施.而這一觀點(diǎn)正好跟選項(xiàng)Developing underground services around the world 相吻合。
特點(diǎn)2:段落本身有主題句,但正確選項(xiàng)并未根據(jù)主題句歸納
策略:繼續(xù)讀主題句后面部分的內(nèi)容,即擴(kuò)展句部分,正確選項(xiàng)往往就是對(duì)擴(kuò)展句具體涉及內(nèi)容的概括。
例: There are big advantages, too, when it comes to private homes. A development of 194 houses which would take up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2.7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be halved An underground dweller himself, Carpenter has never paid a heating bill
分析:不難看出,劃線的句子作為本段的首句,具有概括性,實(shí)為主題句。如果正確選項(xiàng)是依據(jù)此句來(lái)歸納的話,那理應(yīng)包含advantages 或是同樣表示優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)、長(zhǎng)處的其它詞??墒聦?shí)是,所給選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有一項(xiàng)涉及此類詞。單純找主題句看來(lái)對(duì)于這個(gè)段落已不適用。繼續(xù)往后讀,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),后面部分其實(shí)是對(duì)地下住宅所具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步舉例解釋。列舉數(shù)字無(wú)非是要說(shuō)明地下住宅節(jié)省土地和空間;而以Carpenter這個(gè)地下住宅居住者為例,就是要說(shuō)明這種住宅既省錢又節(jié)能。由此,答案鎖定為Demands on space and energy are reduced.
通常在解答雅思閱讀中段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)這種題型時(shí),很多考生習(xí)慣于機(jī)械地通過(guò)閱讀各個(gè)段落的首句,第二句或者最后一句來(lái)尋找各個(gè)段落的主題句,即該段中歸納概括段落大意或中心思想的句子。然而,在全面分析完劍橋雅思全真試題集1-6中所有收錄的段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題后,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),絕大部分此類題的正確答案確實(shí)可以通過(guò)確定主題句獲得,但有些段落安排以及正確選項(xiàng)的歸納并沒(méi)有考生期待得那么簡(jiǎn)單。粗略歸納一下,大致有以下幾個(gè)特殊性。本文將從這些特殊段落的特點(diǎn)出發(fā),舉實(shí)例來(lái)具體分析其應(yīng)對(duì)策略。
特點(diǎn)1:段落內(nèi)容均為舉例
策略:略讀舉例內(nèi)容,大致了解舉例目的,并將其與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)照,與舉例目的表達(dá)相同觀點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)即為正解。
例: The Dutch are not the only would-be moles. Growing numbers of Europeans are burrowing below ground to create houses, offices, discos and shopping malls in winter months in Montreal, Canada, for instance, citizens can escape the cold in an underground complex compete with shops and even health clinics. In Tokyo builders are planning a massive underground city to be begun in the next decade, and underground shopping malls are already common in Japan
分析:很明顯,此段沒(méi)有所謂的主題句,而是以Europe, Canada 以及Tokyo為例.在快速看完舉例部分后,我們不難總結(jié)出,舉例的目的是要說(shuō)明世界各地正著手開(kāi)發(fā)包括地下城市,地下診所,地下舞廳和地下購(gòu)物中心在內(nèi)的多樣化地下服務(wù)設(shè)施.而這一觀點(diǎn)正好跟選項(xiàng)Developing underground services around the world 相吻合。
特點(diǎn)2:段落本身有主題句,但正確選項(xiàng)并未根據(jù)主題句歸納
策略:繼續(xù)讀主題句后面部分的內(nèi)容,即擴(kuò)展句部分,正確選項(xiàng)往往就是對(duì)擴(kuò)展句具體涉及內(nèi)容的概括。
例: There are big advantages, too, when it comes to private homes. A development of 194 houses which would take up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2.7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be halved An underground dweller himself, Carpenter has never paid a heating bill
分析:不難看出,劃線的句子作為本段的首句,具有概括性,實(shí)為主題句。如果正確選項(xiàng)是依據(jù)此句來(lái)歸納的話,那理應(yīng)包含advantages 或是同樣表示優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)、長(zhǎng)處的其它詞??墒聦?shí)是,所給選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有一項(xiàng)涉及此類詞。單純找主題句看來(lái)對(duì)于這個(gè)段落已不適用。繼續(xù)往后讀,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),后面部分其實(shí)是對(duì)地下住宅所具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步舉例解釋。列舉數(shù)字無(wú)非是要說(shuō)明地下住宅節(jié)省土地和空間;而以Carpenter這個(gè)地下住宅居住者為例,就是要說(shuō)明這種住宅既省錢又節(jié)能。由此,答案鎖定為Demands on space and energy are reduced.