2024屆福建省高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專題練：6 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)（新人教版含解析）
語(yǔ)法專題六 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)
對(duì)應(yīng)演練
遷移運(yùn)用
.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)改編)It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.?
2.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)改編)This cycle (go) day after day.?
3.(2024·湖南改編)He must have sensed that I (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”?
4.(2024·福建改編)—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.?
5.(2024·天津改編)Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.?
6.(2024·天津改編)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.?
7.(2024·四川改編)More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.?
8.(2024·安徽江南十校聯(lián)考改編)About China,the most frequently used word by people is “exciting”,since the country (change)every day.?
9.(2024·山西四校聯(lián)考改編)That meant she was surrounded by either teachers who were busy teaching or students who (devote) to their studies.?
10.(2024·安徽江淮十校聯(lián)考改編)—How long do you suppose it (be) before the African can keep Ebola under control??
—As soon as possible.
11.(2024·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)模擬改編)The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an,one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China,(date) back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty.?
12.(2024·湖南衡陽(yáng)五校聯(lián)考改編)—You seem to be familiar with this city.
—I (live)here for four years.It’s great to be back.?
13.(2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州中學(xué)質(zhì)檢改編)As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot,I was sure I (pass).?
14.(2024·廣州一模改編)While still a beginner,he felt he should be given the freedom to do what he wished on stage and often (ignore) his directors’ instructions.?
15.(2024·云南部分名校1月統(tǒng)考改編)It is true that the Internet (change) the way we work and communicate.?
16.(2024·甘肅部分普通高中聯(lián)考改編)The new discovery (make)by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) last year.?
17.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)In the traditional Chinese calendar,each year (give) a name of 12 kinds of animal.?
18.(2024·山東改編)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we (expect).?
19.(2024·山東改編)They made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.?
20.(2024·陜西改編)During his stay in Xi’an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends (recommend).?
21.(2024·湖南改編)Since the time humankind started gardening,we (try) to make our environment more beautiful.?
22.(2024·安徽改編)The twins,who (finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.?
23.(2024·重慶改編)You’d better write down her phone number before you (forget) it.?
24.(2024·江西改編)—Tony,why are your eyes red?
—I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.?
25.(2024·浙江改編)Sofia looked around at all the faces:she had the impression that she (see) most of the guests before.?
.完成句子
1.她現(xiàn)在正在手術(shù)室接受手術(shù)。
She in the operating room now.?
2.我到門口時(shí),他們正在看電視。
They TV when I came to the door.?
3.到上周末為止,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了100篇短文了。
We 100 passages by the end of last weekend.?
4.明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候,我們肯定坐在大學(xué)的教室里了。
By this time next year,we in a classroom in university.?
5.這間辦公室禁止吸煙。
Smoking in this office.?
6.剛才我們給小女孩5分鐘時(shí)間決定是否做這件事。
The little girl five minutes to decide whether to do it or not just now.?
7.如果不制止城市噪音的持續(xù)上升,人們20年后甚至在同一張飯桌上都要提高嗓門說(shuō)話才能聽見。
If city noises from increasing,people will have to shout to be heard even at the same dinner table in 20 years.?
8.這工作一定是他昨天做的。
This work by him yesterday.?
9.要湊齊這套郵票,我還需要一張。
I need one more stamp before my collection of this kind .?
10.這種材料摸起來(lái)很柔軟。
This material very soft.?
.閱讀下面短文,用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空
My name is Robert Arthur.I work as a pilot for a major commercial airline.I 1.(work) as a pilot for over 30 years.After college I went into the U.S.Air Force,where I 2.(serve) for ten years.After I left the Air Force,I got a job with a major commercial airline and 3.(fly) commercially ever since.Lately I have been thinking about retirement because pilots have to 4.(retire) at the age of 60.?
People have often asked me how I 5.(become) interested in flying.Like most pilots,my interest in aviation(航空) 6. (go) back to my childhood,when I 7. (watch) birds and airplanes fly through the sky.?
My job has taken me away from my home and my family much of the time.I’ve lived in many locations.For the past few years,however,I 8. (live) in Pittsburgh.To be a pilot,I have had to make many sacrifices.But there is nothing else I’d rather 9. (do).For me,flying 10. (present) an understanding of how one fits in with the rest of the world.
##
語(yǔ)法專題六 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)
對(duì)應(yīng)演練·遷移運(yùn)用
.1.arrived 根據(jù)前面的“was raining”可知,此句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
2.goes 本句講述的是事實(shí),故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)this cycle為第三人稱單數(shù),故用goes。
3.was looking 句意:他肯定已經(jīng)意識(shí)到我正在看著他。他突然看了我一眼,悄悄地說(shuō):“你為什么那樣盯著我?”。根據(jù)后句可知是“正在看著”,所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
4.has been writing 句意:——彼得在哪里?我到處找不到他?！顼埡笏D書館了,之后一直在那里寫論文。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ever since可知,此處用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,接下來(lái)可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。
5.will be teaching 句意:簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午三點(diǎn)的會(huì)議了,因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)時(shí)候她將正在上課。根據(jù)句意可知,“今天下午三點(diǎn)”是一個(gè)將來(lái)的時(shí)間;表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻正在做某事,應(yīng)該用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填will be teaching。
6.has been reached 句意:盡管之前有好幾輪的會(huì)談,但是迄今為止雙方仍然沒(méi)有達(dá)成協(xié)議。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far可知,空格處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),agreement與reach之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填has been reached。
7.will be built 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可以判斷,句子應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí);高速公路和建造之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)形式。故填will be built。句意:為了促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì),四川不久將建造更多的高速公路。
8.is changing 句意:關(guān)于中國(guó),人們使用最多的詞就是“激動(dòng)人心”,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)國(guó)家每天都在變化。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)every day可知此處表示變化一直都在進(jìn)行,沒(méi)有停下,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
9.were devoted 固定搭配be devoted to...“致力于……”;句中的or后是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是students,再由前一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知,此處填were devoted。
10.will be 句意:——你認(rèn)為還用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間非洲能夠控制住埃博拉?——盡可能快。題干中before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。根據(jù)句型:It will be+時(shí)間段+before+從句“要過(guò)多久才……”。故用will be。
11.dates 題干中的one of短語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),題干中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,date back“追溯”,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。指從現(xiàn)在追溯到唐朝,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
12.lived 句意:——你看起來(lái)對(duì)這個(gè)城市很熟?！以谶@里生活了四年,回來(lái)真好。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,這里只是描述的是過(guò)去的事情,故用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。
13.had passed 句意:只要我的駕駛教練告訴我駛進(jìn)停車場(chǎng),我相信我就通過(guò)了。pass“通過(guò)(考試等)”,根據(jù)題干中的was sure可知,此處表示發(fā)生在此之前的動(dòng)作,故判斷應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
14.ignored ignore與前文的felt是并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,它們應(yīng)在人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)上保持一致。故填ignored。
15.has changed 句意:因特網(wǎng)已經(jīng)改變了我們工作和交流的方式。根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)及常識(shí)可知從句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),且the Internet為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故用has changed。
16.was made 新發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個(gè)由幾個(gè)科學(xué)家組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)做出的,動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去;the discovery和make之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且是謂語(yǔ),故用was made。
17.is given 句意:在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)歷年中,每年都被給予了12種動(dòng)物中的一種動(dòng)物名稱。根據(jù)題干中的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是give的動(dòng)作承受者,且題干說(shuō)明的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
18.had expected 句意:手寫出所有的這些請(qǐng)?zhí)任覀冊(cè)阮A(yù)料的更費(fèi)時(shí)。根據(jù)前面的was可以看出,此處表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,且expect發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
19.would buy 句意:他們決定一旦拉里換了工作,他們就買一所新房子。根據(jù)句意可知buy這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)在made up their mind之后,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
20.had recommended 定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作“推薦”發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作“品嘗”之前,也就是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
21.have been trying 句意:自從人類開始園藝勞動(dòng)以來(lái),我們一直在設(shè)法使我們的環(huán)境變得更加美麗。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Since the time humankind started gardening可知,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且可能還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。
22.had finished “完成作業(yè)”發(fā)生在“被允許打羽毛球”之前,表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意:已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)的這對(duì)雙胞胎被允許在操場(chǎng)上打羽毛球。
23.forget 句意:你趁著還沒(méi)忘,最好把她的電話號(hào)碼記下來(lái)。此處是before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。
24.have been cutting 句意:——托尼,你的眼睛怎么是紅的?——最近五分鐘我一直在切辣椒。根據(jù)for the last five minutes及語(yǔ)境可知用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
25.had seen “她以前已經(jīng)見過(guò)絕大多數(shù)客人”是在“有這樣的印象”之前,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意:索菲婭環(huán)顧四周看了一下所有的面孔,她有這樣的印象:她以前見過(guò)絕大多數(shù)客人。
.1.is being operated on 2.were watching
3.had learned 4.shall/will be sitting 5.is forbidden/banned 6.was given 7.are not kept 8.must have been done 9.is completed
10.feels
.1.have been working 根據(jù)后面的for over 30 years可知此處表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,而且以后也可能繼續(xù)下去,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
2.served 此處表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,故用過(guò)去式。
3.have been flying 根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ever since可知此處表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,根據(jù)首句可知,“我”現(xiàn)在仍是一名飛行員。故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
4.retire have to do sth.“不得不做某事”為固定句式。
5.became 根據(jù)上下文可知“我”對(duì)“飛行”感興趣是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。故用過(guò)去式became。
6.goes 此處指現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,“對(duì)航空的興趣要追溯到童年”。
7.watched 此處指童年時(shí)期的動(dòng)作,故用過(guò)去式。
8.have been living 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“For the past few years”可知,此處表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
9.do 此處為固定句式would rather do sth.“寧愿做某事”。
10.presents 根據(jù)下文的“fits”可知此處表示現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
語(yǔ)法專題六 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)
對(duì)應(yīng)演練
遷移運(yùn)用
.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)改編)It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.?
2.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)改編)This cycle (go) day after day.?
3.(2024·湖南改編)He must have sensed that I (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”?
4.(2024·福建改編)—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.?
5.(2024·天津改編)Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.?
6.(2024·天津改編)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.?
7.(2024·四川改編)More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.?
8.(2024·安徽江南十校聯(lián)考改編)About China,the most frequently used word by people is “exciting”,since the country (change)every day.?
9.(2024·山西四校聯(lián)考改編)That meant she was surrounded by either teachers who were busy teaching or students who (devote) to their studies.?
10.(2024·安徽江淮十校聯(lián)考改編)—How long do you suppose it (be) before the African can keep Ebola under control??
—As soon as possible.
11.(2024·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)模擬改編)The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an,one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China,(date) back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty.?
12.(2024·湖南衡陽(yáng)五校聯(lián)考改編)—You seem to be familiar with this city.
—I (live)here for four years.It’s great to be back.?
13.(2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州中學(xué)質(zhì)檢改編)As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot,I was sure I (pass).?
14.(2024·廣州一模改編)While still a beginner,he felt he should be given the freedom to do what he wished on stage and often (ignore) his directors’ instructions.?
15.(2024·云南部分名校1月統(tǒng)考改編)It is true that the Internet (change) the way we work and communicate.?
16.(2024·甘肅部分普通高中聯(lián)考改編)The new discovery (make)by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) last year.?
17.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)In the traditional Chinese calendar,each year (give) a name of 12 kinds of animal.?
18.(2024·山東改編)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we (expect).?
19.(2024·山東改編)They made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.?
20.(2024·陜西改編)During his stay in Xi’an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends (recommend).?
21.(2024·湖南改編)Since the time humankind started gardening,we (try) to make our environment more beautiful.?
22.(2024·安徽改編)The twins,who (finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.?
23.(2024·重慶改編)You’d better write down her phone number before you (forget) it.?
24.(2024·江西改編)—Tony,why are your eyes red?
—I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.?
25.(2024·浙江改編)Sofia looked around at all the faces:she had the impression that she (see) most of the guests before.?
.完成句子
1.她現(xiàn)在正在手術(shù)室接受手術(shù)。
She in the operating room now.?
2.我到門口時(shí),他們正在看電視。
They TV when I came to the door.?
3.到上周末為止,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了100篇短文了。
We 100 passages by the end of last weekend.?
4.明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候,我們肯定坐在大學(xué)的教室里了。
By this time next year,we in a classroom in university.?
5.這間辦公室禁止吸煙。
Smoking in this office.?
6.剛才我們給小女孩5分鐘時(shí)間決定是否做這件事。
The little girl five minutes to decide whether to do it or not just now.?
7.如果不制止城市噪音的持續(xù)上升,人們20年后甚至在同一張飯桌上都要提高嗓門說(shuō)話才能聽見。
If city noises from increasing,people will have to shout to be heard even at the same dinner table in 20 years.?
8.這工作一定是他昨天做的。
This work by him yesterday.?
9.要湊齊這套郵票,我還需要一張。
I need one more stamp before my collection of this kind .?
10.這種材料摸起來(lái)很柔軟。
This material very soft.?
.閱讀下面短文,用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空
My name is Robert Arthur.I work as a pilot for a major commercial airline.I 1.(work) as a pilot for over 30 years.After college I went into the U.S.Air Force,where I 2.(serve) for ten years.After I left the Air Force,I got a job with a major commercial airline and 3.(fly) commercially ever since.Lately I have been thinking about retirement because pilots have to 4.(retire) at the age of 60.?
People have often asked me how I 5.(become) interested in flying.Like most pilots,my interest in aviation(航空) 6. (go) back to my childhood,when I 7. (watch) birds and airplanes fly through the sky.?
My job has taken me away from my home and my family much of the time.I’ve lived in many locations.For the past few years,however,I 8. (live) in Pittsburgh.To be a pilot,I have had to make many sacrifices.But there is nothing else I’d rather 9. (do).For me,flying 10. (present) an understanding of how one fits in with the rest of the world.
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語(yǔ)法專題六 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)
對(duì)應(yīng)演練·遷移運(yùn)用
.1.arrived 根據(jù)前面的“was raining”可知,此句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
2.goes 本句講述的是事實(shí),故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)this cycle為第三人稱單數(shù),故用goes。
3.was looking 句意:他肯定已經(jīng)意識(shí)到我正在看著他。他突然看了我一眼,悄悄地說(shuō):“你為什么那樣盯著我?”。根據(jù)后句可知是“正在看著”,所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
4.has been writing 句意:——彼得在哪里?我到處找不到他。——早飯后他去圖書館了,之后一直在那里寫論文。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ever since可知,此處用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,接下來(lái)可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。
5.will be teaching 句意:簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午三點(diǎn)的會(huì)議了,因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)時(shí)候她將正在上課。根據(jù)句意可知,“今天下午三點(diǎn)”是一個(gè)將來(lái)的時(shí)間;表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻正在做某事,應(yīng)該用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填will be teaching。
6.has been reached 句意:盡管之前有好幾輪的會(huì)談,但是迄今為止雙方仍然沒(méi)有達(dá)成協(xié)議。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far可知,空格處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),agreement與reach之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填has been reached。
7.will be built 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可以判斷,句子應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí);高速公路和建造之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)形式。故填will be built。句意:為了促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì),四川不久將建造更多的高速公路。
8.is changing 句意:關(guān)于中國(guó),人們使用最多的詞就是“激動(dòng)人心”,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)國(guó)家每天都在變化。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)every day可知此處表示變化一直都在進(jìn)行,沒(méi)有停下,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
9.were devoted 固定搭配be devoted to...“致力于……”;句中的or后是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是students,再由前一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知,此處填were devoted。
10.will be 句意:——你認(rèn)為還用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間非洲能夠控制住埃博拉?——盡可能快。題干中before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。根據(jù)句型:It will be+時(shí)間段+before+從句“要過(guò)多久才……”。故用will be。
11.dates 題干中的one of短語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),題干中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,date back“追溯”,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。指從現(xiàn)在追溯到唐朝,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
12.lived 句意:——你看起來(lái)對(duì)這個(gè)城市很熟?！以谶@里生活了四年,回來(lái)真好。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,這里只是描述的是過(guò)去的事情,故用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。
13.had passed 句意:只要我的駕駛教練告訴我駛進(jìn)停車場(chǎng),我相信我就通過(guò)了。pass“通過(guò)(考試等)”,根據(jù)題干中的was sure可知,此處表示發(fā)生在此之前的動(dòng)作,故判斷應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
14.ignored ignore與前文的felt是并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,它們應(yīng)在人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)上保持一致。故填ignored。
15.has changed 句意:因特網(wǎng)已經(jīng)改變了我們工作和交流的方式。根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)及常識(shí)可知從句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),且the Internet為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故用has changed。
16.was made 新發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個(gè)由幾個(gè)科學(xué)家組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)做出的,動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去;the discovery和make之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且是謂語(yǔ),故用was made。
17.is given 句意:在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)歷年中,每年都被給予了12種動(dòng)物中的一種動(dòng)物名稱。根據(jù)題干中的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是give的動(dòng)作承受者,且題干說(shuō)明的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
18.had expected 句意:手寫出所有的這些請(qǐng)?zhí)任覀冊(cè)阮A(yù)料的更費(fèi)時(shí)。根據(jù)前面的was可以看出,此處表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,且expect發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
19.would buy 句意:他們決定一旦拉里換了工作,他們就買一所新房子。根據(jù)句意可知buy這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)在made up their mind之后,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
20.had recommended 定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作“推薦”發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作“品嘗”之前,也就是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
21.have been trying 句意:自從人類開始園藝勞動(dòng)以來(lái),我們一直在設(shè)法使我們的環(huán)境變得更加美麗。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Since the time humankind started gardening可知,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且可能還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。
22.had finished “完成作業(yè)”發(fā)生在“被允許打羽毛球”之前,表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意:已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)的這對(duì)雙胞胎被允許在操場(chǎng)上打羽毛球。
23.forget 句意:你趁著還沒(méi)忘,最好把她的電話號(hào)碼記下來(lái)。此處是before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。
24.have been cutting 句意:——托尼,你的眼睛怎么是紅的?——最近五分鐘我一直在切辣椒。根據(jù)for the last five minutes及語(yǔ)境可知用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
25.had seen “她以前已經(jīng)見過(guò)絕大多數(shù)客人”是在“有這樣的印象”之前,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意:索菲婭環(huán)顧四周看了一下所有的面孔,她有這樣的印象:她以前見過(guò)絕大多數(shù)客人。
.1.is being operated on 2.were watching
3.had learned 4.shall/will be sitting 5.is forbidden/banned 6.was given 7.are not kept 8.must have been done 9.is completed
10.feels
.1.have been working 根據(jù)后面的for over 30 years可知此處表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,而且以后也可能繼續(xù)下去,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
2.served 此處表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,故用過(guò)去式。
3.have been flying 根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ever since可知此處表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,根據(jù)首句可知,“我”現(xiàn)在仍是一名飛行員。故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
4.retire have to do sth.“不得不做某事”為固定句式。
5.became 根據(jù)上下文可知“我”對(duì)“飛行”感興趣是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。故用過(guò)去式became。
6.goes 此處指現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,“對(duì)航空的興趣要追溯到童年”。
7.watched 此處指童年時(shí)期的動(dòng)作,故用過(guò)去式。
8.have been living 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“For the past few years”可知,此處表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
9.do 此處為固定句式would rather do sth.“寧愿做某事”。
10.presents 根據(jù)下文的“fits”可知此處表示現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
