2024屆江蘇省高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破：語(yǔ)法 專(zhuān)題8 名詞性從句

　　專(zhuān)題八　名詞性從句

　　考點(diǎn)1　what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

　　1．A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not________ships are built for.(2024·安徽，25)

　　A．what

　　B．whom

　　C．why

　　D．when

　　2．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2024·浙江，6)

　　A．what

　　B．who

　　C．that

　　D．whoever

　　3．Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for ________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.(2024·陜西，19)

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．why

　　D．how

　　4．—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

　　—I’m not to blame，mum.I am ________ you have made me.(2024·江蘇，26)

　　A．how

　　B．what

　　C．that

　　D．who

　　考點(diǎn)歸納

　　what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn)，what在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。

　　What can be done today can’t be put off till tomorrow.

　　今天能做的事不要推到明天去做(今日事今日畢)。

　　Computers can only give out what has been stored in them.

　　計(jì)算機(jī)只能提供貯存在它里面的信息。

　　This is what we have been doing these days.

　　這就是我們近日來(lái)一直在做的事。

　　考點(diǎn)2　when，where，how，why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

　　1．We must find out ________ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.(2024·重慶，8)

　　A．when

　　B．how

　　C．where

　　D．why

　　2．________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(2024·北京，35)

　　A．Where

　　B．How

　　C．Why

　　D．When

　　3．The exhibition tells us________we should do something to stop air pollution.(2024·四川，8)

　　A．where

　　B．why

　　C．what

　　D．which

　　4．________ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it.(2024·江蘇，25)

　　A．That

　　B．Why

　　C．Where

　　D．How

　　5．You have to know ________ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(2024·湖南，26)

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．where

　　D．who

　　6．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That’s ________ I was born.”(2024·四川，2)

　　A．when

　　B．how

　　C．why

　　D．where

　　考點(diǎn)歸納

　　連接副詞指的是既具有副詞的特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)又能引導(dǎo)從句的詞，主要有when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever等。這些詞在從句中既作特定的成分，又有具體的含義，不能省略。大多數(shù)連接副詞表示疑問(wèn)意義。

　　When we shall meet again is unknown.

　　我們何時(shí)才能再相見(jiàn)還不知道呢。(when引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，表示疑問(wèn))

　　I don’t know how I can get out of such trouble.

　　我真不知道如何才能擺脫這種困境。(how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示疑問(wèn))

　　This is where the accident happened.

　　這是事故發(fā)生的地方。(where引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，不表疑問(wèn))

　　I have no idea why he left here.

　　我不知道他為什么離開(kāi)這里。(why引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，表示疑問(wèn))

　　考點(diǎn)3　連詞whether和that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

　　1．I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within.(2024·北京，33)

　　A．that

　　B．where

　　C．what

　　D．why

　　2．It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.(2024·陜西，20)

　　A．that

　　B．which

　　C．what

　　D．whether

　　3．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.(2024·浙江，16)

　　A．how

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．whether

　　考點(diǎn)歸納

　　that，whether既不是連接代詞也不是連接副詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起到連接從句的功能。that沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，而whether意為“是否”。

　　That you don’t like him is none of my business.

　　你不喜歡他不關(guān)我的事。(主語(yǔ)從句)

　　It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(2011·重慶，22)

　　老汽車(chē)站是否應(yīng)該被一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的賓館代替仍然在討論之中。(主語(yǔ)從句)

　　I don’t know whether or not he will come.

　　我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。(賓語(yǔ)從句)

　　The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.

　　事實(shí)就是我們應(yīng)該依靠自己。(表語(yǔ)從句)

　　We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.

　　我們懷疑他們是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。(同位語(yǔ)從句)

　　考點(diǎn)4　wh-ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

　　1．Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2024·北京，33)

　　A．whatever

　　B．whenever

　　C．wherever

　　D．however

　　2．________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.(2024·江西，30)

　　A．Whoever

　　B．Whatever

　　C．Whichever

　　D．Wherever

　　3．We promise ________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2024·福建，35)

　　A．who

　　B．whom

　　C．whoever

　　D．whomever

　　考點(diǎn)歸納

　　whichever，whatever，whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，它們本身有詞義，既有連接從句的作用，又在從句中分別充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)成分。起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，意思是“無(wú)論……，不管……”。

　　The club will give whoever wins a prize.

　　俱樂(lè)部將給得勝者獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。(賓語(yǔ)從句)

　　I believe whatever he says.

　　我相信他所說(shuō)的一切。(賓語(yǔ)從句)

　　Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps.

　　不論誰(shuí)，要想達(dá)到一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)大的目標(biāo)，就必須采取許多細(xì)小的步驟。(主語(yǔ)從句)

　　解題方法

　　方法1　位置判斷法

　　根據(jù)名詞性從句的句子特點(diǎn)及其所處的位置，判斷出屬于哪一種從句，從而確定連接詞的種類(lèi)，也有助于對(duì)句子的理解。

　　What he said astonished us.

　　他所說(shuō)的話(huà)使我們很驚奇。(從句在主語(yǔ)位置，為主語(yǔ)從句)

　　Everything depends on whether you have enough money.

　　一切都看你是否有足夠多的錢(qián)。(從句在介詞后，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，為賓語(yǔ)從句)

　　The question is where we’ll go this Sunday.

　　問(wèn)題是我們這周日去哪兒。(從句在is后，為表語(yǔ)從句)

　　He expressed the hope that he would come to China again.

　　他表達(dá)了再來(lái)中國(guó)的愿望。(從句在抽象名詞后，對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，為同位語(yǔ)從句)

　　(1)________ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.

　　A．Whether

　　B．What

　　C．That

　　D．How

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意為：一些人眼中的缺點(diǎn)是別人眼中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。分析句子可知，________ some people regard as a drawback為主語(yǔ)從句，且從句中缺賓語(yǔ)，只能用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)；that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句不作成分。

　　(2)One reason for her preference for city life is ________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.

　　A．that

　　B．how

　　C．what

　　D．why

　　答案　A

　　解析　系動(dòng)詞is之后是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，而從句的結(jié)構(gòu)完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用that引導(dǎo)。

　　方法2　語(yǔ)序判斷法

　　一般來(lái)說(shuō)，名詞性從句中(當(dāng)然不只是名詞性從句，其他從句也是如此)，從句的語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序，這樣也就很容易作答了。

　　When changing lanes，a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ________.

　　A．he is entering which lane

　　B．which lane he is entering

　　C．is he entering which lane

　　D．which lane is he entering

　　答案　B

　　解析　which引導(dǎo)的句子作know的賓語(yǔ)，句子用陳述語(yǔ)序。故B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

　　方法3　句子成分分析法

　　看從句缺不缺成分，不缺就用that，whether或if；缺成分就用wh-類(lèi)連接詞(包括how，because等)。

　　(1)We haven’t discussed yet ________ we are going to place our new furniture.

　　A．that

　　B．which

　　C．what

　　D．where

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意為：我們還沒(méi)有討論把我們的新家具放在哪里。分析句子可知，此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此選擇D。

　　(2)As a new graduate，he doesn’t know ________ it takes to start a business here.

　　A．how

　　B．what

　　C．when

　　D．which

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意為：作為一名新畢業(yè)生，他不知道需要什么才能在這里開(kāi)始經(jīng)營(yíng)。空格后的賓語(yǔ)從句中takes是動(dòng)詞，其后缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以引導(dǎo)該賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞要用what。

　　1．If I could interview him，I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.(2024·安徽)

　　如果我能采訪(fǎng)他，我會(huì)問(wèn)他，是什么讓他成為了宇航員以及他是如何訓(xùn)練的。

　　2．I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.(2024·安徽)

　　我還想問(wèn)他在太空的感受以及太空旅行是否和我在書(shū)上讀到的那樣有趣。

　　3．If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true，we can find the correct answer and learn more.(2024·湖北)

　　如果我們養(yǎng)成質(zhì)疑我們所接受的東西是否真實(shí)的習(xí)慣，我們就能發(fā)現(xiàn)正確的答案并且會(huì)學(xué)到很多東西。

　　4．The reasons are as follows：(2024·湖南)

　　理由如下：

　　5．I would appreciate it if I was offered with an opportunity to display my talent.(2024·陜西)

　　如果提供給我一個(gè)展示才能的機(jī)會(huì)我將非常感激。

　　6．I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.(2024·四川)

　　我從海報(bào)上得知你想提高你的普通話(huà)水平。

　　7．That’s why I am writing to you.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)

　　那就是我給你寫(xiě)信的原因。

　　8．Firstly，it is an obvious sign that what I have done is appreciated by the teacher especially in public.(2024·湖南)

　　首先，我的行為被老師當(dāng)眾贊賞是一個(gè)明顯的跡象。

　　提醒：完成作業(yè)　強(qiáng)化練(八)

　　強(qiáng)化練(八)強(qiáng)化練(八)　名詞性從句

　　(建議用時(shí)：12分鐘)

　　1．—How do you find the new cell phone?

　　—Oh，quite good.A new function has been developed on this new type ________ it can show you vividly what is around the person you are talking to.(2024·泰州二模，29)

　　A．how

　　B．which

　　C．what

　　D．that

　　2．The single most shattering statistic about life in America in the late 1990s was ________ tobacco killed more people than the combined total of those who died from AIDS，car accidents，alcohol，murder，suicide，illegal drugs and fire.(2024·常州二模，27)

　　A．what

　　B．when

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　3．She is ________ is known as a nosy person—she is always dying to know what’s going on in others’ lives.(2024·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模，28)

　　A．what

　　B．who

　　C．whom

　　D．that

　　4．Having a good command of the language of the country where you are going to study is necessary，because language skills affect ________ you perform academically.(2024·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模，28)

　　A．how

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．when

　　5．Now all of our concentration is on ________ it is that the global environment will return to normal.(2024·南通、連云港二模，26)

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．where

　　D．when

　　6．—What is upsetting you，dear?

　　—________ it is necessary for us to move our home to the city.(2024·南通第二次調(diào)研，25)

　　A．Why

　　B．How

　　C．That

　　D．Whether

　　7．The question was frequently referred to at the conference ________ it is a good idea to build nuclear power plants in developed cities.(2024·蘇北四市一模，29)

　　A．why

　　B．where

　　C．that

　　D．whether

　　8．—What impresses you most about Mrs.Flower’s garden，the flowers，the bushes or whatever?

　　—________ the garden is laid out.

　　A．Where

　　B．How

　　C．Because

　　D．When

　　9．In the English language，sentence stress is like word stress and is ________ gives English its rhythm.

　　A．when

　　B．why

　　C．that

　　D．what

　　10．A project has recently been launched by the charity organization ________ people should donate books to remote mountainous schools.

　　A．that

　　B．what

　　C．which

　　D．a(chǎn)s

　　11．There is a strong possibility ________ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.

　　A．that

　　B．which

　　C．what

　　D．when

　　12．What I really doubt is ________ the western media，as they say，is really that objective and just.

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．whether

　　D．that

　　13．It is still a complete mystery ________ caused the accident.

　　A．what

　　B．how

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　14．There is no possibility ________ he will keep his word.He is always telling lies.