2024屆高考英語一輪基礎知識復習：Unit 1 Friendship（新人教版必修1）

　　Unit 1 Friendship

　?、?閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·陜西省西安地區(qū)八校聯(lián)考三)

　　Katie was in big trouble.She was such a sweet kid; a third-grade teacher always dreamed of having a classroom filled with Katies; she was never ever a discipline(紀律) problem. I just couldn't imagine why she had made her parents so angry.

　　It seemed that Katie had been running up sizable charges in the lunchroom.Her parents explained that Katie brought a great homemade lunch each day, and there was no reason for her to buy school lunch. They assumed a sit-down with Katie would solve the problem, but failed.So they asked me to help them get to the bottom of this situation.

　　So the next day, I asked Katie to my office.“Why are you charging lunches, Katie? What happened to your homemade lunch？” I asked. “I lose it，” she responded. I leaned back in my chair and said, “I don't believe you, Katie.” She didn't care.“Is someone stealing your lunch, Katie？” I took a new track. “No.I just lose it，” she said.Well, there was nothing else I could do.

　　The problem was still unsolved the next week when I noticed a boy who was new to the school sitting alone at a lunch table. He always looked sad.I thought I would go and sit with him for a while.As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “ Katie ” .

　　Now I understood and I talked to Katie.It seemed that the new boy never brought a lunch, and he wouldn't go to the lunch line for a free lunch.He had told Katie his secret and asked her not to tell anyone that his parents wanted him to get a free lunch at school. Katie asked me not to tell her parents, but I drove to her house that evening after I was sure that she was in bed. I had never seen parents so proud of their child.Katie didn't care that her parents and teacher were disappointed in her.But she cared about a little boy who was hungry and scared.

　　Katie still buys lunch every day at school. And every day, as she heads out of the door, her mom hands her a delicious homemade lunch.

　　文章大意：本文講述的是Katie為了幫助一個挨餓的、恐懼的新生而要家里做的和學校里的兩份午餐，雖然面對著老師和父母的誤解，她依然幫助新同學。

　　1．What did the author think of Katie?

　　A．She performed well at school.

　　B．She was a girl filled with love.

　　C．She often made trouble at school.

　　D．She used to be a discipline problem.

　　答案：A　推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章第一段的a sweet kid和文中老師對她的愛戴可推斷她在學校表現(xiàn)很好。故選A。

　　2．Why did Katie eat school lunch instead of her homemade lunch every day?

　　A．She lost her homemade lunch.

　　B．She had her homemade lunch stolen.

　　C．She didn't like the taste of her homemade lunch.

　　D．She gave her homemade lunch to a hungry boy.

　　答案：D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “ Katie ” 可知Katie將自己母親給做的午餐讓給了新同學。故選D。

　　3．What was Katie's parents' reaction to the truth about the lunch?

　　A．They were very angry.

　　B．They were proud of Katie.

　　C．They were disappointed.

　　D．They were rather upset.

　　答案：B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的I had never seen parents so proud of their child推斷她的父母親以她為自豪。故選B。

　　4．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．Katie was informed that her parents had known her secret.

　　B．Katie told the author the truth of her lunch during their first talk.

　　C．Katie's secret of lunch was discovered by the author by accident.

　　D．Katie stopped buying lunch at school after her secret was discovered.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中作者和Katie的約定排除A；根據(jù)文章第三段排除B；根據(jù)文章的最后一段排除D；根據(jù)文章的第四段可知作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的Katie的秘密。故選C。

　　B

　　(2024·福建省普通高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)

　　So many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other painful events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.

　　A friend of mine, recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can't do that. He's the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.

　　Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff(問題)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.

　　You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right，” they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You'll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you'll be more peaceful yourself.

　　文章大意：該文章主要告訴我們在與別人爭執(zhí)時先向?qū)Ψ降狼福徑馀笥阎g的關系，享受友情。

　　5．The underlined word “rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．

　　A．recover B．develop

　　C．a(chǎn)ccept D．replace

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。recover修復；develop發(fā)展；accept接受；replace代替。根據(jù)前文的forgive判斷選A。

　　6．In the author's opinion, we hold on to our anger often because we think ________.

　　A．we can turn small issues into big ones

　　B．our positions are higher than others

　　C．our own opinions matter most

　　D．others will be less defensive

　　答案：C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段前兩句話Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff(問題)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness可知我們總是認為我們自己的意見更重要。故選C。

　　7．The best thing to do after a quarrel is to ______.

　　A．let go of our own rights

　　B．realize that you are wrong

　　C．expect others to give in

　　D．a(chǎn)pologize to others first

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的故事可知爭吵之后要做的最好的事情就是首先要向?qū)Ψ降狼?，故選D。

　　8．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Be Peaceful B．Reach Out and Give

　　C．Small and Big Stuff D．Enjoy Your Friendship

　　答案：B　主旨大意題。A項是和平的；B項是給予和道歉；C項是小的和大的問題；D項是享受你的友誼。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二、三段的內(nèi)容可知是給予和道歉，故選B。

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·莆田高中畢業(yè)班教學質(zhì)量檢查改編)

　　I never thought I __1__(be) friends with an Israeli girl, because Israel always seemed so distant.However it just happened __2__(natural)．

　　In September, I took part in a cultural exchange activity at my school and hosted __3__ Israeli girl called Maayan, my best foreign friend ever.

　　When I first met her, she told me in a very embarrassing way that she __4__(leave) her luggage at the airport. I had to contact the airport and asked them to send __5__ to my home. This incident brought us closer, because we can both be careless. There __6__(be) no better and faster way to make friends than sharing the same shortcoming.

　　We did everything that close friends would do during her stay in China. I found it __7__(amaze) to have so much in common with someone from somewhere far away from China. We __8__(exchange) knowledge of our countries' traditions and histories. Time flew. We had to be apart __9__ we knew it. At the airport, we made the promise to send emails regularly. And since then we __10__(keep) in touch.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　答案：

　　1．would be　此處表示“從來沒有想到會做……”，故從句用過去將來時。

　　2．naturally　修飾動詞happen應用副詞。

　　3．a(chǎn)n　泛指“一個以色列女孩”，用不定冠詞；Israeli是以元音音素開頭的單詞，故填an。

　　4．had left　leave her luggage這一動作發(fā)生在過去動作told之前，應用過去完成時。

　　5．it　send的賓語指的是前面提到的行李，故用代詞it代替。

　　6．is　there be句式中的be動詞與其后的名詞way一致，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀事實，故填is。

　　7．a(chǎn)mazing　修飾指代事物的賓語it，作補語，填形容詞amazing“令人驚訝的”。

　　8．exchanged　由本段前面句子的時態(tài)判斷可知，exchange knowledge是過去的事情，本句應用一般過去時。

　　9．before　本句意為“不知不覺中我們就不得不要分開了”，be apart應是在knew之前發(fā)生，故填before。

　　10．have kept　由since then可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時。

　?、?短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　(2024·浙江衢州五校聯(lián)考)

　　I have a good friend who's name is Han Meimei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent students in our class. Although she is clever, but she works very hard. We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. She was doing her homework while she smelt something burning. She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor's house. She called 119 immediate. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. His neighbor was very thankful for her help.

　　答案：

　　I have a good friend

　　name is Han Meimei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent students in our class. Although she is clever,

　　but

　　she works very hard. We have a lot

　　common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents

　　out. She was doing her homework

　　she smelt something burning. She stopped

　　look out of the window and

　　a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor's house. She called 119 . Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out

　　fire.

　　neighbor was very thankful for her help.

　　1．命題立意：考查定語從句引導詞。

　　解析：who's→whose　此處是一個定語從句，修飾friend, whose在從句中作定語修飾name。

　　2．命題立意：考查連詞。

　　解析：刪除but　在although/though引導的狀語從句中，它們與but不能同時存在。

　　3．命題立意：考查介詞。

　　解析：第三處：on→in　have a lot in common是固定短語，意為“有許多共同之處”。

　　4．命題立意：考查主謂一致。

　　解析：第四處：was→were　時間狀語從句中的主語her parents是復數(shù)，故其系動詞改為were。

　　5．命題立意：考查固定搭配。

　　解析：第五處：while→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事時，這時/突然……”。

　　6．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。

　　解析：第六處：stopped后加to　句意為：她停下來去看窗外。stop to do sth. 意為“停下來去做某事”。

　　7．命題立意：考查時態(tài)。

　　解析：第七處：find→found　and前后的并列謂語的時態(tài)應是一致的，前面是stopped，故后面也應用過去式found。

　　8．命題立意：考查副詞。

　　解析：第八處：immediate→immediately　修飾動詞called應用副詞。

　　9．命題立意：考查冠詞。

　　解析：第九處：out后加the　此處表特指，應用定冠詞。

　　10．命題立意：考查冠詞。

　　解析：第十處：His→Her　根據(jù)上下文人稱對應關系可知應用Her。

　　Unit 1 Friendship

　?、?閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·陜西省西安地區(qū)八校聯(lián)考三)

　　Katie was in big trouble.She was such a sweet kid; a third-grade teacher always dreamed of having a classroom filled with Katies; she was never ever a discipline(紀律) problem. I just couldn't imagine why she had made her parents so angry.

　　It seemed that Katie had been running up sizable charges in the lunchroom.Her parents explained that Katie brought a great homemade lunch each day, and there was no reason for her to buy school lunch. They assumed a sit-down with Katie would solve the problem, but failed.So they asked me to help them get to the bottom of this situation.

　　So the next day, I asked Katie to my office.“Why are you charging lunches, Katie? What happened to your homemade lunch？” I asked. “I lose it，” she responded. I leaned back in my chair and said, “I don't believe you, Katie.” She didn't care.“Is someone stealing your lunch, Katie？” I took a new track. “No.I just lose it，” she said.Well, there was nothing else I could do.

　　The problem was still unsolved the next week when I noticed a boy who was new to the school sitting alone at a lunch table. He always looked sad.I thought I would go and sit with him for a while.As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “ Katie ” .

　　Now I understood and I talked to Katie.It seemed that the new boy never brought a lunch, and he wouldn't go to the lunch line for a free lunch.He had told Katie his secret and asked her not to tell anyone that his parents wanted him to get a free lunch at school. Katie asked me not to tell her parents, but I drove to her house that evening after I was sure that she was in bed. I had never seen parents so proud of their child.Katie didn't care that her parents and teacher were disappointed in her.But she cared about a little boy who was hungry and scared.

　　Katie still buys lunch every day at school. And every day, as she heads out of the door, her mom hands her a delicious homemade lunch.

　　文章大意：本文講述的是Katie為了幫助一個挨餓的、恐懼的新生而要家里做的和學校里的兩份午餐，雖然面對著老師和父母的誤解，她依然幫助新同學。

　　1．What did the author think of Katie?

　　A．She performed well at school.

　　B．She was a girl filled with love.

　　C．She often made trouble at school.

　　D．She used to be a discipline problem.

　　答案：A　推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章第一段的a sweet kid和文中老師對她的愛戴可推斷她在學校表現(xiàn)很好。故選A。

　　2．Why did Katie eat school lunch instead of her homemade lunch every day?

　　A．She lost her homemade lunch.

　　B．She had her homemade lunch stolen.

　　C．She didn't like the taste of her homemade lunch.

　　D．She gave her homemade lunch to a hungry boy.

　　答案：D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “ Katie ” 可知Katie將自己母親給做的午餐讓給了新同學。故選D。

　　3．What was Katie's parents' reaction to the truth about the lunch?

　　A．They were very angry.

　　B．They were proud of Katie.

　　C．They were disappointed.

　　D．They were rather upset.

　　答案：B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的I had never seen parents so proud of their child推斷她的父母親以她為自豪。故選B。

　　4．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．Katie was informed that her parents had known her secret.

　　B．Katie told the author the truth of her lunch during their first talk.

　　C．Katie's secret of lunch was discovered by the author by accident.

　　D．Katie stopped buying lunch at school after her secret was discovered.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中作者和Katie的約定排除A；根據(jù)文章第三段排除B；根據(jù)文章的最后一段排除D；根據(jù)文章的第四段可知作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的Katie的秘密。故選C。

　　B

　　(2024·福建省普通高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)

　　So many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other painful events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.

　　A friend of mine, recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can't do that. He's the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.

　　Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff(問題)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.

　　You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right，” they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You'll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you'll be more peaceful yourself.

　　文章大意：該文章主要告訴我們在與別人爭執(zhí)時先向?qū)Ψ降狼?，緩解朋友之間的關系，享受友情。

　　5．The underlined word “rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．

　　A．recover B．develop

　　C．a(chǎn)ccept D．replace

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。recover修復；develop發(fā)展；accept接受；replace代替。根據(jù)前文的forgive判斷選A。

　　6．In the author's opinion, we hold on to our anger often because we think ________.

　　A．we can turn small issues into big ones

　　B．our positions are higher than others

　　C．our own opinions matter most

　　D．others will be less defensive

　　答案：C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段前兩句話Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff(問題)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness可知我們總是認為我們自己的意見更重要。故選C。

　　7．The best thing to do after a quarrel is to ______.

　　A．let go of our own rights

　　B．realize that you are wrong

　　C．expect others to give in

　　D．a(chǎn)pologize to others first

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的故事可知爭吵之后要做的最好的事情就是首先要向?qū)Ψ降狼?，故選D。

　　8．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Be Peaceful B．Reach Out and Give

　　C．Small and Big Stuff D．Enjoy Your Friendship

　　答案：B　主旨大意題。A項是和平的；B項是給予和道歉；C項是小的和大的問題；D項是享受你的友誼。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二、三段的內(nèi)容可知是給予和道歉，故選B。

　?、?語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·莆田高中畢業(yè)班教學質(zhì)量檢查改編)

　　I never thought I __1__(be) friends with an Israeli girl, because Israel always seemed so distant.However it just happened __2__(natural)．

　　In September, I took part in a cultural exchange activity at my school and hosted __3__ Israeli girl called Maayan, my best foreign friend ever.

　　When I first met her, she told me in a very embarrassing way that she __4__(leave) her luggage at the airport. I had to contact the airport and asked them to send __5__ to my home. This incident brought us closer, because we can both be careless. There __6__(be) no better and faster way to make friends than sharing the same shortcoming.

　　We did everything that close friends would do during her stay in China. I found it __7__(amaze) to have so much in common with someone from somewhere far away from China. We __8__(exchange) knowledge of our countries' traditions and histories. Time flew. We had to be apart __9__ we knew it. At the airport, we made the promise to send emails regularly. And since then we __10__(keep) in touch.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　答案：

　　1．would be　此處表示“從來沒有想到會做……”，故從句用過去將來時。

　　2．naturally　修飾動詞happen應用副詞。

　　3．a(chǎn)n　泛指“一個以色列女孩”，用不定冠詞；Israeli是以元音音素開頭的單詞，故填an。

　　4．had left　leave her luggage這一動作發(fā)生在過去動作told之前，應用過去完成時。

　　5．it　send的賓語指的是前面提到的行李，故用代詞it代替。

　　6．is　there be句式中的be動詞與其后的名詞way一致，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀事實，故填is。

　　7．a(chǎn)mazing　修飾指代事物的賓語it，作補語，填形容詞amazing“令人驚訝的”。

　　8．exchanged　由本段前面句子的時態(tài)判斷可知，exchange knowledge是過去的事情，本句應用一般過去時。

　　9．before　本句意為“不知不覺中我們就不得不要分開了”，be apart應是在knew之前發(fā)生，故填before。

　　10．have kept　由since then可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時。

　?、?短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　(2024·浙江衢州五校聯(lián)考)

　　I have a good friend who's name is Han Meimei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent students in our class. Although she is clever, but she works very hard. We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. She was doing her homework while she smelt something burning. She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor's house. She called 119 immediate. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. His neighbor was very thankful for her help.

　　答案：

　　I have a good friend

　　name is Han Meimei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent students in our class. Although she is clever,

　　but

　　she works very hard. We have a lot

　　common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents

　　out. She was doing her homework

　　she smelt something burning. She stopped

　　look out of the window and

　　a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor's house. She called 119 . Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out

　　fire.

　　neighbor was very thankful for her help.

　　1．命題立意：考查定語從句引導詞。

　　解析：who's→whose　此處是一個定語從句，修飾friend, whose在從句中作定語修飾name。

　　2．命題立意：考查連詞。

　　解析：刪除but　在although/though引導的狀語從句中，它們與but不能同時存在。

　　3．命題立意：考查介詞。

　　解析：第三處：on→in　have a lot in common是固定短語，意為“有許多共同之處”。

　　4．命題立意：考查主謂一致。

　　解析：第四處：was→were　時間狀語從句中的主語her parents是復數(shù)，故其系動詞改為were。

　　5．命題立意：考查固定搭配。

　　解析：第五處：while→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事時，這時/突然……”。

　　6．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。

　　解析：第六處：stopped后加to　句意為：她停下來去看窗外。stop to do sth. 意為“停下來去做某事”。

　　7．命題立意：考查時態(tài)。

　　解析：第七處：find→found　and前后的并列謂語的時態(tài)應是一致的，前面是stopped，故后面也應用過去式found。

　　8．命題立意：考查副詞。

　　解析：第八處：immediate→immediately　修飾動詞called應用副詞。

　　9．命題立意：考查冠詞。

　　解析：第九處：out后加the　此處表特指，應用定冠詞。

　　10．命題立意：考查冠詞。

　　解析：第十處：His→Her　根據(jù)上下文人稱對應關系可知應用Her。