2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)單元訓(xùn)練：6.5《The power of nature》（新人教版含解析）
?、?閱讀理解(建議用時(shí)16′)
A
[2024·廣東揭陽(yáng)一中檢測(cè)]When traveling, it's important to learn about the customs and etiquette of the global village. What we consider polite behavior at home isn't always accepted outside our borders.
●Etiquette of Gift Giving
Gift giving should be a happy, positive experience. When selecting a present for someone in Netherlands, don't purchase fancy kitchen knives or scissors. Giving sharp, pointy objects as gifts is considered unlucky. Be careful when presenting flowers to a friend or a business partner in Russia. Yellow blooms suggest cheat or a relationship break up. Traditionally, red carnations are placed on the tombs of the dead. Writing cards or notes while visiting South Korea, be mindful of your pen's ink color. Writing a person's name in red ink traditionally suggests that the person has passed away—an important point to remember when giving a birthday card.
●Eating Customs
Being early or on time is viewed as being rude, too eager or even greedy in Venezuela. If you are invited to someone's home for a meal, it's recommended that you arrive 10 minutes later than the requested time. When having a meal in Egypt, don't use the salt shaker (鹽瓶). It's insulting to your host to spread salt on your food, which means that you find the meal terrible. Japan is a very polite nation, and their fondness for etiquette extends to the use of chopsticks. According to Japanese custom, if you're in the middle of eating, use the opposite end of your chopsticks to secure food from a shared plate. When doing business in Turkey, it's the custom for your host to pay for your meal. Requests to split the bill won't be accepted. If you would like to pay your fair share, Turks recommend inviting your host to a follow-up meal.
本文講述的是兩種旅游禮儀——送禮物和就餐禮儀。
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Giving a fancy kitchen knife to a friend from Russia is a good choice.
B.You can use blue ink to write notes to your friend from South Korea.
C.Dining with Japanese, one can use either end of the chopsticks to get food from shared plates.
D.Invited to a meal, one should arrive earlier to show respect for the host.
答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“giving a kitchen knife與Netherlands有關(guān)”，C項(xiàng)未提及，根據(jù)“be mindful of your pen's ink color.”故選B。
2．What does the underlined word “insulting” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Respectful. B．Challenging.
C.Indifferent.
D.Offensive.
答案：D 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“which means that you find the meal terrible.”可推測(cè)insulting的意思應(yīng)表示對(duì)主人不敬，故選D。
3．Where is this passage probably from?
A．A news report.
B.A travel essay.
C．A culture column.
D.A food magazine.
答案：C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段講述的內(nèi)容可知本文講述的是與旅游相關(guān)的禮節(jié)、禮儀或風(fēng)俗問(wèn)題，故答案為C。
1．polite adj. 有禮貌的
2.unlucky adj. 不幸的
3．greedy adj. 貪婪的
4.extend vi. 延伸；伸出
5．secure adj. 安全的；可靠的
1．pass away 去世
2.according to 根據(jù)；依據(jù)
原文：If you are invited to someone's home for a meal, it's recommended that you arrive 10 minutes later than the requested time.(recommended的用法)
譯文：如果你被邀請(qǐng)到某人家就餐，建議你比要求的時(shí)間晚十分鐘到。
仿寫：The doctor strongly recommended that he_take_a_holiday.
醫(yī)生強(qiáng)烈建議他去休假。
B
[2024·蘭州一中期中]It is commonly believed that the earliest Chinese paper-cuts appeared during the sixth century. Some
scholars believe it was even earlier. Legend has it that during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24), Emperor Wudi was very sad after one of his favorite concubines, Madame Li, died. A Taoist priest, Li Shaoweng, cut a piece of hemp paper in the shape of Madame Li. When evening fell, the emperor's servants lit candles in his bedroom; the reflection of that paper-cut on the wall made the emperor think about his beloved concubine.
The Yuxian paper-cut is different from most paper-cuts produced in other regions of China. Paper-cuts from other regions are mostly cut—with scissors or knives—from single-colored paper, such as red or black paper.
There are four major procedures to making the Yuxian paper-cut: First, sketch the pattern on the draft paper; second, fasten the draft to the paper to be cut; third, use a knife to carve out the pattern; and fourth, dye (染色) the paper-cut with various colors.
Precise cutting skills are needed to make a piece of the Yuxian paper-cut, which highlights the craft maker's artistic taste and dyeing skills. That explains the following saying: “The successful making of a Yuxian paper-cut is 30 percent dependent on the maker's cutting skills, and 70 percent on the maker's dyeing skills.”
The traditional Yuxian paper-cut highlights two themes: Flowers and characters in Chinese operas. The paper-cut is particularly known for its vivid description of characters in various traditional Chinese operas. In October 2009, the art of Yuxian's paper-cut was added to the list of intangible Cultural Heritage (非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)) established by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)．
本文講述的是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化——剪紙藝術(shù)的歷史以及蔚縣剪紙的特點(diǎn)。
4．The first paragraph is actually about ________.
A．Emperor Wudi's favorite concubine
B．the origins of Chinese paper-cuts
C．the inventor of Chinese paper-cut
D．one of the themes of Yuxian paper-cut
答案：B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句可以概括本段的主旨大意。“It is commonly believed that the earliest Chinese paper-cuts appeared during the sixth century.”可知。
5．Which is the most important skill of making paper-cut?
A．Drawing
skill.
B．Cutting skill.
C．Dyeing skill.
D．Carving skill.
答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The successful...is 30 percent dependent on the maker's cutting skills...”可知。
6．According to the passage, Yuxian paper-cut is especially famous for its ________.
A．lively images of characters in classic operas
B．traditional Chinese operas
C．Chinese cultural influence on operas
D．a(chǎn)dvanced cutting techniques
答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“...known for its vivid description of characters in various traditional...”。可知。
7．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Earliest Chinese Legend
B．The Yuxian Paper-cut Skills
C．Emperor Wudi's Sad Story
D．Chinese Yuxian Paper-cut
答案：D 主旨大意題。本文第一段由剪紙歷史引出話題，從第二段便展開(kāi)對(duì)蔚縣剪紙進(jìn)行介紹，由此選D項(xiàng)。
1．reflection n. 反射；沉思
2.highlight vt. 突出；強(qiáng)調(diào)
3．dependent adj. 依靠的
4.particularly adv. 特別；尤其
5．establish vt. 建立；創(chuàng)辦
1．in the shape of 以……的形式；呈……的形狀
2．be different from 與……不同；不同于……
原文：It is commonly believed that the earliest Chinese paper-cuts appeared during the sixth century.(主語(yǔ)從句)
譯文：人們普遍認(rèn)為，中國(guó)最早的剪紙出現(xiàn)在六世紀(jì)。
仿寫：It is acknowledged that_he_is_innocent.
大家公認(rèn)他是無(wú)辜的。
Ⅱ.七選五(建議用時(shí)7′)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
[2024·福建檢測(cè)]Most of you love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!
The making of a movie usually begins with a script (劇本). __1__ The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating (協(xié)調(diào)) aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!
__2__ The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble (聚集) all the other people who will be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, stuntmen, cameramen, and, of course, actors!
Next, shooting begins! __3__ Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day's work. __4__ So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects or touch-ups.
The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it's ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. __5__
A．Scenes are also usually not shot in order.
B．The actual filming can be a slow process.
C．The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.
D．It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.
E．The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.
F．In movies, the director's job is to bring the script to life on camera.
G．People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.
本文講述的是電影從劇本到拍攝再到后期制作的整個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要過(guò)程。
1．D 根據(jù)上文中．..begins with a script(劇本)以及選項(xiàng)D中的代詞It指代的重要性可知。
2．F 根據(jù)下文講述的內(nèi)容可知，此空概括全段的主旨大意，核心內(nèi)容與導(dǎo)演有關(guān)。
3．B 根據(jù)“shooting begins！”可知該段講述的是拍攝電影，選項(xiàng)B中filming意思與shooting相近。
4．A 根據(jù)上句中講述的內(nèi)容可知，該空與拍攝場(chǎng)景有關(guān)，故答案是A項(xiàng)。
5．G 電影拍攝過(guò)程及制作結(jié)束后，最后應(yīng)該是由觀眾來(lái)觀賞，故選G項(xiàng)。
?、?語(yǔ)法填空(建議用時(shí)8′)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
[2024·天津月考]A man requested an old scholar to get rid of his son's bad habits. The scholar took the boy for __1__ walk through a garden. Suddenly he stopped __2__ (ask) the boy to pull out a tiny plant growing there.
The boy held the plant between his thumb and forefinger and pulled it out. The old man then asked him to pull out a slightly __3__ (big) plant. The boy pulled hard and the plant came out, roots and all. “Now pull out that one，” said the old man __4__ (point) to a bush. This time, the boy managed it but with great __5__ (difficult)．
After that, the old man led him to a big tree and said, “Now take this one out，” the boy grasped the trunk and tried his best to pull it out. But it would not move. “It's __6__ (possible)，” said the boy, breathing __7__ (heavy) with effort.
“So it is with bad habits，” said the wise man. “When they are weak, it is easy to pull them out but when they become strong they cannot __8__ (remove)．
The walk __9__ the old man changed the boy's life. So don't wait for bad habits to take root. Get rid of them while you have control over them, __10__ they will control you.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
一位學(xué)者通過(guò)讓小男孩拔起由小到大的植物教育他要及時(shí)改掉壞習(xí)慣。
1．a(chǎn) 考查冠詞。walk在此指散步，作可數(shù)名詞且泛指。
2．to ask 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處“stop to do sth.”意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”。
3．bigger 考查比較級(jí)。與上文a tiny plant對(duì)比，且slightly常與比較級(jí)連用。
4．pointing 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。pointing作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
5．difficulty 作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)且由great修飾。
6．impossible 考查構(gòu)詞法。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)為possible的反義詞。
7．heavily 考查副詞。修飾breathing。
8．be removed 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。remove與they是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
9．with 考查介詞。和老人一起的那次散步改變了男孩的生活。
10．or/otherwise 考查連詞。祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句，此結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)否定意義的條件句。
?、?書面表達(dá)(建議用時(shí)20′)
[2024·九江一模]近日，你們班就“學(xué)校每天清晨開(kāi)展冬季跑操活動(dòng)”進(jìn)行了一次討論。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，給學(xué)校英文報(bào)編輯寫一篇短文：
支持(大部分)：增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)；磨煉意志；放松自我……
反對(duì)(少數(shù))：?jiǎn)握{(diào)；天氣寒冷；學(xué)業(yè)繁重……
你的觀點(diǎn)：……
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右(開(kāi)頭已寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school.__________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Recently_our_class_had_a_heated_discussion_about_the_Winter_Morning_Jogging_Activity_in_our_school. Opinions are divided on this topic.
Most students are in favor of this activity. They believe that the activity in winter can not only help improve physical health but develop a strong will. Besides, it's a good way to relieve stress. On the other hand, a minority of the students are opposed to it.
They think the activity is too dull.
In addition, there is so much heavy study and it's so cold outside that they would rather stay in the classroom to study.
As far as I'm concerned, I support the activity because it benefits
us
greatly.
The
modern
society
requires
many qualities of us, so bookworms can't keep up with the times any longer.
