2024屆高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)48:語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練八之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
高考真題
1.(2011·全國(guó)Ⅰ)The next thing he saw was smoke ________ from behind the house.
A. rose
B. rising
C. to rise
D. risen
[解析]句意:隨后,他看見(jiàn)煙從房子后面冒出來(lái)。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ),修飾 smoke,故排除A項(xiàng)(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞);邏輯主語(yǔ) smoke 與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,而且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,故答案為B項(xiàng)。
[答案]B
2.(2011·全國(guó)Ⅱ)The island, ________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.
A. joining
B. to join
C. joined
D. having joined
[解析]句意:這個(gè)島由一座橋和大陸連著,很容易去的。island 和 join 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故需用過(guò)去分詞。joined to the mainland by a bridge 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句 which is joined to the mainland by a bridge。
[答案]C
3.(2011·全國(guó)Ⅱ)Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ________ nothing about the argument.
A. says
B. said
C. to say
D. saying
[解析]句意:Sarah 假裝很高興,沒(méi)有對(duì)這次爭(zhēng)論進(jìn)行評(píng)論。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知,此處是分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ),故排除A項(xiàng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式;say 與邏輯主語(yǔ) Sarah 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,排除表被動(dòng)的B項(xiàng);動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)通常表目的或出乎意料的結(jié)果,故C項(xiàng)與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。
[答案]D
4.(2011·山東)Look over there—there's a very long, winding path ________ up to the house.
A. leading
B. leads
C. led
D. to lead
[解析]句意:往那看——有一條很長(zhǎng)很曲折的小路通向那所房子。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在此作后置定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句 which leads up to the house。leads 在句中作謂語(yǔ);led 是 lead 的過(guò)去分詞形式,與 path 構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系;to lead 表示將來(lái),均不符合句意。
[答案]A
5.(2011·天津)Passengers are permitted ________ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A. to carry
B. carrying
C. to be carried
D. being carried
[解析]句意:旅客只被允許帶一件手提行李登機(jī)。permit sb.to do sth. 允許某人做某事,其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為:sb. be permitted to do sth.某人被允許做某事,所以A項(xiàng)正確。注意 permit 的另一用法:permit doing sth.允許做某事。
[答案]A
6.(2011·天津)________ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
A. Translating
B. Translated
C. To translate
D. Having translated
[解析]句意:被譯成英語(yǔ)后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子有了一個(gè)完全不同的語(yǔ)序。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)和句子主語(yǔ)保持一致,本句中的主語(yǔ) the sentence 與 translate 間為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除A、C、D三項(xiàng),只有B項(xiàng)表示被動(dòng),故為答案。
[答案]B
7.(2011·江西)On receiving a phone call from his wife______ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
A. says
B. said
C. saying
D. to say
[解析]句意:一接到妻子的電話(huà),說(shuō)她摔了一跤,戈登先生立即從他的辦公室跑回家了。say 與 phone call 之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用 saying 作定語(yǔ)。say:give information or instructions 表示(書(shū)、符號(hào)等)給出某信息或指示,又如:The book doesn't say where he was born.書(shū)上沒(méi)說(shuō)他是在哪里出生的。
[答案]C
8.(2011·陜西)Claire had her luggage ________ an hour before her plane left.
A. check
B. checking
C. to check
D. checked
[解析]句意:Claire 在飛機(jī)起飛一小時(shí)前對(duì)行李進(jìn)行了安檢。本句中 luggage 與 check 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞,構(gòu)成 have sth.done 結(jié)構(gòu)。故答案為D項(xiàng)。
[答案]D
9.(2011·陜西)More highways have been built in China, ________ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A. making
B. made
C. to make
D. having made
[解析]句意:中國(guó)又建了很多公路,這使得人們出行變得更加容易了??崭裉幏侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是逗號(hào)前面的內(nèi)容,和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,可排除B項(xiàng);C項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞不定式,通常表示目的,表出乎意料的結(jié)果時(shí)前面通常加 only 或 never,所以排除C項(xiàng);make 表達(dá)的動(dòng)作并非發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前,不用完成形式,故排除D,選A,making it much easier for people to travel...=which makes it much easier for people to travel...
[答案]A
10.(2011·北京)It's important for the figures ________ regularly.
A. to be updated
B. to have been updated
C. to update
D. to have updated
[解析]句意:這些數(shù)據(jù)定期升級(jí)是很重要的。figures 與 update 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng);此處表示一般性動(dòng)作,故排除B項(xiàng),選擇A項(xiàng)。
[答案]A
11.(2011·北京)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, ________ on your feet.
A. to keep
B. keeping
C. having kept
D. to have kept
[解析]句意:坐下,Emma。站著只會(huì)讓你更加勞累。邏輯主語(yǔ) you 與 keep 之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以選擇B項(xiàng),現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。A、D兩項(xiàng)為不定式,通常表示目的,所以排除;C項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,不表示伴隨,故排除。
[答案]B
12.(2011·福建)Tsinghua University, ________ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A. found
B. founding
C. founded
D. to be founded
[解析]句意:清華大學(xué),創(chuàng)辦于1911年,是許多杰出人物的母校。首先排除 found,因?yàn)?found 作“創(chuàng)辦”講時(shí),為動(dòng)詞原形,不是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;被修飾詞 Tsinghua University 與 found (創(chuàng)辦)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除B項(xiàng);C項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)且完成;D項(xiàng)表將來(lái)。根據(jù)題意可知C項(xiàng)為正確答案。founded in 1911在句中相當(dāng)于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 which was founded in 1911。
[答案]C
13.(2011·福建)The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ________.
A. held
B. holding
C. be held
D. to hold
[解析]句意:厚度和重量與先前版本的不同使得 iPad2 拿著更舒服。形容詞 easy,hard,difficult,comfortable 作表語(yǔ),后面需用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意思,故正確答案為D項(xiàng)。
[答案]D
14.(2011·浙江)Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ________ a life span of around 20 years.
A. having
B. had
C. have
D. to have
[解析]句意:蝙蝠是一種壽命長(zhǎng)得驚人的生物,一些蝙蝠壽命可長(zhǎng)達(dá)約20年。題干中并沒(méi)有從屬連詞或并列連詞,設(shè)空處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,故排除B、C兩項(xiàng);D項(xiàng)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A項(xiàng)。
[答案]A
15.(2011·浙江)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ for words.
A. lose
B. lost
C. to lose
D. having lost
[解析]句意:甚至連最好的作家有時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)自己詞窮(找不到好詞)。(be) lost for words 表示“難以用言語(yǔ)表達(dá)、無(wú)以應(yīng)對(duì)”。
[答案]B
16.(2011·浙江)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ________ by their enthusiastic supporters.
A. being cheered
B. be cheered
C. to be cheered
D. were cheered
[解析]句意:如果他們今晚贏了決賽,隊(duì)員們將游覽全城,去接受熱情的支持者的歡呼。首先排除B、D兩項(xiàng),這兩項(xiàng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;A項(xiàng)表正在進(jìn)行;C項(xiàng)表將來(lái)或目的。根據(jù)句意,答案為C項(xiàng)。
[答案]C
17.(2011·江蘇)Recently a survey ________ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
A. compared
B. comparing
C. compares
D. being compared
[解析]句意:最近,一項(xiàng)對(duì)比兩家不同超市同種貨物價(jià)格的調(diào)查引起了市民們的熱議。C項(xiàng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式,故排除;survey 與 compare 之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除A、D兩項(xiàng),所以選擇B項(xiàng)。
[答案]B
18.(2011·安徽)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ________ into small pieces.
A. break
B. breaking
C. broken
D. to break
[解析]句意:湯姆問(wèn)糖果制造商他們是否可以把巧克力制作得更容易弄碎些。be+easy/difficult/hard...后常跟不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,故答案為D項(xiàng)。
[答案]D
19.(2011·湖南)The ability ________ an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A. expressing
B. expressed
C. to express
D. to be expressed
[解析]句意:表達(dá)觀(guān)點(diǎn)的能力與觀(guān)點(diǎn)本身同等重要??疾樵谔囟ㄕZ(yǔ)境中使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的能力?!白瞿呈碌哪芰Α睉?yīng)該表達(dá)為“the ability to do sth.”,故選C項(xiàng)。
[答案]C
20.(2011·湖南)The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A. selecting
B. to select
C. selected
D. having selected
[解析]句意:人們期待著從全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)挑選出來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員們?cè)诮衲甑南募具\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上給我們帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)。select (挑選)與其邏輯主語(yǔ) the players 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞,A、B、D三項(xiàng)是表示主動(dòng)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,故排除。
[答案]C
21.(2011·湖南)Do you wake up every morning ________ energetic and ready to start a new day?
A. feel
B. to feel
C. feeling
D. felt
[解析]句意:你每天早上醒來(lái)的時(shí)候都會(huì)感到精力充沛,準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)始新的一天嗎?設(shè)空處前并沒(méi)有連詞,故判斷設(shè)空處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ),故排除A項(xiàng);主語(yǔ) you 和 feel (感覺(jué))為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除D項(xiàng);根據(jù)句意設(shè)空處應(yīng)作伴隨狀語(yǔ),而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)不能作伴隨狀語(yǔ),故排除B項(xiàng),故答案為C項(xiàng)。
[答案]C
22.(2011·遼寧)________ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.
A. Gather
B. To gather
C. Gathering
D. To be gathering
[解析]句意:那些旅行者們聚在篝火周?chē)彤?dāng)?shù)厝艘黄鹛?。本句沒(méi)有連詞,可判斷本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ),故首先排除A項(xiàng);不定式作狀語(yǔ)且置于句首時(shí)常作目的狀語(yǔ),不符合句意,故排除B、D兩項(xiàng);本題設(shè)空處作伴隨狀語(yǔ),只有C項(xiàng)符合要求。
[答案]C
23.(2011·重慶)More TV programs,according to government officials, will be produced ________ people's concern over food safety.
A. to raise
B. raising
C. to have raised
D. having raised
[解析]句意:根據(jù)政府官員的說(shuō)法,將創(chuàng)作更多的電視節(jié)目以提高人們對(duì)食品安全的關(guān)注。根據(jù)句意可知本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作目的狀語(yǔ),故排除B、D兩項(xiàng),因?yàn)檫@兩項(xiàng)不能用作目的狀語(yǔ);盡管C項(xiàng)也為不定式,但不定式的完成式也不能作目的狀語(yǔ),也被排除。故選A。
[答案]A
24.(2011·重慶)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.
A. reminding
B. to remind
C. reminded
D. remind
[解析]句意:邁克爾把姚明的畫(huà)像掛在床邊,目的是提醒自己記住自己的夢(mèng)想。賓語(yǔ) himself 與 remind 為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故答案為C項(xiàng)。
[答案]C
25.(2011·四川)Lydia doesn't feel like ________ abroad. Her parents are old.
A. study
B. studying
C. studied
D. to study
[解析]句意:Lydia 不想出國(guó)讀書(shū)。因?yàn)樗母改付祭狭?。這里用固定搭配 feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”,只有B項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在分詞形式符合搭配。
[答案]B
26.(2011·四川)Simon made a big bamboo box ________ the little sick bird till it could fly.
A. keep
B. kept
C. keeping
D. to keep
[解析]句意:Simon 做了一個(gè)大的竹盒子,用來(lái)裝那只生病的小鳥(niǎo),直到它能飛翔。從語(yǔ)境看,這里用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),因此選D。
[答案]D
27.(2011·四川)________ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.
A. Offer
B. Offering
C. Offered
D. To offer
[解析]句意:Andy 被提供了在一部新影片里扮演一個(gè)重要的角色的機(jī)會(huì),他有機(jī)會(huì)出名了。動(dòng)詞 offer 與句子主語(yǔ)是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)和已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
[答案]C
28.(2011·上海)It's no use ________ without taking any action.
A. complain
B. complaining
C. being complained
D. to be complained
[解析]句意:不采取行動(dòng)而只是抱怨是沒(méi)有用的。It's no use doing 是固定句式,所以B為正確答案。
[答案]B
29.(2011·上海)The rare fish, ________ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.
A. saved
B. saving
C. to be saved
D. having saved
[解析]句意:那條罕見(jiàn)的魚(yú)已被放回到海中,它是被從燒鍋里救出來(lái)的。fish 和選項(xiàng)中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除B和D兩項(xiàng);A項(xiàng)過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)和完成,C項(xiàng)不定式表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,由語(yǔ)境可知A為正確答案。
[答案]A
30.(2011·上海)At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ________ that he could do nothing to help.
A. to realize
B. realized
C. realizing
D. being realized
[解析]句意:我曾經(jīng)下決心要和 Sam 叔叔談?wù)???珊髞?lái)我改變了想法,意識(shí)到他根本幫不上忙。空格處非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ) I 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,可排除表被動(dòng)的B和D兩項(xiàng);A項(xiàng)不定式通常表目的,在此不符合語(yǔ)境,也被排除。此題中用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ),表原因。
[答案]C
31.(2011·上海)Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing...but we seem ________ the art of communicating facetoface.
A. losing
B. to be losing
C. to be lost
D. having lost
[解析]句意:現(xiàn)在我們有聊天室,能傳遞文本信息,還可發(fā)電子郵件……但是我們似乎正在失去面對(duì)面交流的技能。seem 后通常用動(dòng)詞不定式,排除A和D兩項(xiàng);此處非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后有名詞 the art of communicating face-to-face 作其賓語(yǔ),所以排除C項(xiàng)(被動(dòng)形式),故選B。
[答案]B
32.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅰ)Mrs White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library.
A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed
D. borrowing
[解析]句意:懷特老師把從圖書(shū)館借來(lái)的幾張舊地圖展示給學(xué)生看。the map 和 borrow 之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,而且表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,因此用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。
[答案]C
33.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅰ)With Father's Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ________ presents for my dad.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. to have bought
[解析]句意:父親節(jié)就要到了,我已經(jīng)從銀行取了些錢(qián)出來(lái)準(zhǔn)備給爸爸買(mǎi)些禮物。從語(yǔ)境看,本空在句中作目的狀語(yǔ),用不定式,因此A的動(dòng)詞原形,C的現(xiàn)在分詞,D的不定式完成式都不符合句意。