【北師大版】2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案語篇微寫作強化系列Test 19

　　Test 19

　?、?完形填空

　　I was feeling a little blue.My mother had been laid off from her job，but she said she was OK since her boss wasn’t the nicest person __1__.

　　I got off the college bus and started walking.That’s__2__I heard piano music and singing rising above the__3__of the people and the traffic.I walked a little slower__4__I could find out where it was coming from.__5__the crowd I saw a young lady sitting at a piano with a __6__next to her，singing songs about love.The way she was singing__7__me a bit.I stood there watching her __8__for about fifteen minutes，thinking that it must take__9__to perform on her own in public.

　　Feeling my presence，she looked in my__10__.I walked over and put some money in her carriage.“I have been going through a __11__time lately，but you’re made me hopeful again.”

　　“I’m happy that I could __12__.Why are you so sad？”

　　“Well，my mum had got__13__from her job，but I’m not sure what to do.”

　　“You see，the way you were __14__，” she explained.“Don’t look defeated，__15__ comes in different ways.If your head is down you might never see it.Smile more...__16__ your head up.”

　　I smiled slightly，amazed by how she was__17__me.

　　“Why are you playing here？” I asked.

　　“I am not making music.I study psychology.I often see many__18__people and hope to relieve their __19__and make them think positively by sharing music.”

　　I smiled a little wider.She was doing a good thing.My heart was touched by a __20__soul.

　　1．A.instead

　　B．somehow

　　C．a(chǎn)nyway

　　D．either

　　答案　C

　　解析　因為她的老板怎么說都不算是個好人。instead相反，而不是；somehow不知怎么地；anyway無論如何；either也。

　　2．A.since

　　B．when

　　C．before

　　D．a(chǎn)fter

　　答案　B

　　解析　散步時，我聽到了琴聲和歌聲。表示時間概念，與時間無關(guān)，不是之前也不是之后，表示正在發(fā)生，故用when。

　　3．A.noise

　　B．view

　　C．scene

　　D．hurry

　　答案　A

　　解析　在嘈雜的人流和交通的噪音中。這種路邊的聲音應(yīng)是noise。

　　4．A.but

　　B．yet

　　C．or

　　D．so

　　答案　D

　　解析　我故意放慢腳步，這樣我就能知道這歌聲從哪里來的。前后是因果關(guān)系，故用so。

　　5．A.Across

　　B．Along

　　C．Beside

　　D．Through

　　答案　D

　　解析　“穿過人群”應(yīng)用介詞through，表示從中間穿過，強調(diào)空間上的穿過。across是指從表面的一邊到另一邊。

　　6．A.plate

　　B．carriage

　　C．basket

　　D．bowl

　　答案　B

　　解析　這里要根據(jù)后面提到的“I walked over and put some money in her carriage”確定放在旁邊的是carriage。

　　7．A.discouraged

　　B．disturbed

　　C．shocked

　　D．comforted

　　答案　D

　　解析　她唱歌的方式給我一些安慰。discourage使沮喪；disturb打擾；shock使震驚。

　　8．A.playing

　　B．begging

　　C．dancing

　　D．refreshing

　　答案　A

　　解析　我站在那里看她表演了大約15分鐘。play表演，演奏；beg乞討；dance跳舞；refresh提神。

　　9．A.image

　　B．belief

　　C．courage

　　D．time

　　答案　C

　　解析　我想在公共場合表演需要很大的勇氣。courage勇氣；image形象；belief相信；time時間。

　　10．A.instruction

　　B．direction

　　C．operation

　　D．intention

　　答案　B

　　解析　她感覺到我的存在，朝我的方向看。direction方向；instruction指示，說明；operation手術(shù)；intention打算。

　　11．A.peaceful B．nice

　　C．rough

　　D．pleasure

　　答案　C

　　解析　最近我日子有點不好過。 a rough time一段艱難的時光。

　　12．A.work

　　B．improve

　　C．stand

　　D．help

　　答案　D

　　解析　我很高興我能幫你。work起作用，improve提高，改善；stand 忍受。

　　13．A.lost

　　B．fired

　　C．stuck

　　D．tired

　　答案　B

　　解析　我媽媽被老板炒魷魚了。 be fired from job被解雇了。

　　14．A.sighing

　　B．listening

　　C．walking

　　D．talking

　　答案　C

　　解析　看你走路的樣子。因為前文中提到“I got off...started walking”，故此處為the way you were walking。

　　15．A.opportunity

　　B．possibility

　　C．performance

　　D．experience

　　答案　A

　　解析　別看起來像被打敗了的模樣，機遇隨時降臨。opportunity機會，機遇。possibility可能性；performance表演，演出；experience經(jīng)歷。

　　16．A.drop

　　B．lift

　　C．pick

　　D．knock

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據(jù)前句，“如果你低著頭就看不到它，多點微笑?！贝颂幗酉聛碚f的該是“把頭抬起來”。lift sth.up抬起……。

　　17．A.depressing

　　B．encouraging

　　C．frightening

　　D．surprising

　　答案　B

　　解析　此句意思為“我微笑著，對于她鼓勵我的方式感到很吃驚。”上文說到，彈琴的人告訴作者別沮喪，抬起頭，微笑面對生活，機遇隨時都會降臨，這些都是鼓勵的話語，故此處選擇encouraging。

　　18．A.active

　　B．thoughtful

　　C．negative

　　D．surprising

　　答案　C

　　解析　我經(jīng)?？吹胶芏鄮е麡O情緒的人們。這里是和后句呼應(yīng)的，故用negative。

　　19．A.pain

　　B．sight

　　C．respect

　　D．a(chǎn)ttention

　　答案　A

　　解析　relieve their pain緩解他們的痛苦。

　　20．A.classical

　　B．serious

　　C．curious

　　D．musical

　　答案　D

　　解析　我的心被一個音樂人打動了。

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　After moving to the United States，immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study finds.That’s one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America.

　　The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents’food choices.After being questioned about their ability to speak English,75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite.Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.

　　When their American identities were called into question during a follow-up study，Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwiches.In the experiment,55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant.Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study.Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat(飽和脂肪)．

　　“People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，” said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington.“If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health.” Cheryan added.

　　Social pressures，the study concluded，are at the heart of the problem.“In American society today，being American is associated with being white.Americans，who don’t fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that they’re Americans，” said Cheryan.

　　1．The author wants to show that ________.

　　A．more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks

　　B．immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in

　　C．most Americans are at the risk of heart disease

　　D．a(chǎn)ll the American people have a bad eating habit

　　答案　B

　　解析　本文是一篇研究報道，第一段是文章的中心段，根據(jù)本段第一句中的內(nèi)容可知作者意在表明移民傾向于食用高能量食物以便融入美國社會。

　　2．According to the survey，________.

　　A．Asian-Americans care less about their health

　　B．25 percent of Americans like junk food

　　C．choosing food is related to Asian-Americans’situation

　　D．immigrants are forced to eat junk food

　　答案　C

　　解析　從第二段的研究可知，75%的被詢問過英語能力的亞裔美國人將一種典型的美國食物看做他們的最愛，而只有25%的沒有被詢問是否說英語的亞裔美國人這樣做，由此可推斷選擇食物與亞裔美國人的處境有關(guān)。

　　3．The underlined word “fare” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．

　　A．food offered as a meal

　　B．a(chǎn) person taking a taxi

　　C．money spent on food

　　D．a(chǎn)n arranged thing to do

　　答案　A

　　解析　結(jié)合上文中的“In the experiment,55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant.”以及劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容可推知劃線詞表示的是提供的食物。

　　4．According to Sauna Cheryan，________.

　　A．what immigrants have done is ridiculous

　　B．American traditional foods are healthier

　　C．immigrants risk their health in order to fit in

　　D．American culture affects immigrants deeply

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段后半部分中的內(nèi)容可推斷此人認為移民不惜以健康為代價去融入美國社會。

　　5．Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?

　　A．The situation of employment.

　　B．The traditional culture.

　　C．The American government.

　　D．The pressures from society.

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知應(yīng)該把不良的飲食習(xí)慣歸咎于社會壓力。

　?、?微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．當今，在校園中，亂扔亂畫現(xiàn)象比較普遍。

　　2．應(yīng)該鼓勵學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，更好地表現(xiàn)自己。

　　3．我相信在師生的共同努力下，我們學(xué)校在不久的將來會變成一個更加舒適的場所。

　　(素材來源于2011·浙江·書面表達)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：it作形式主語；be encouraged to do；賓語從句等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Nowadays it is common to litter and scribble in the school yard.Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.I believe that，with the joint efforts of both teachers and students，our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.

　　1．relieve v．減輕　relief n．輕松；緩解　in relief如釋重負　to one’s relief令某人放松的是　relieve sb.of...減輕某人的……；解除……

　　2．tend v．傾向；易于　tendency n．傾向　tend to do...傾向于做……；易于……　tend (to) sb./sth.照顧；服侍　have an tendency to do...有做……的傾向

　　3．lead to導(dǎo)致(同義短語：contribute to，result in，make for，give rise to，bring on/about等) 　lead sb.to do...使某人做……　lead a．..life過著……的生活

　　4．lay off解雇　lay out展開　lay aside儲存；擱置　lay down放下

　　5．Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.

　　句子的主干是Only_25_percent_of_Asian-Americans_did_the_same.。who had not been asked if they spoke English為定語從句修飾Asian-Americans，if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

　　利用語法知識解答完形填空題

　　在完形填空中對語法的考查主要集中在定語從句(連接詞、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別、定語從句與其他主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別)、狀語從句、名詞性從句、非謂語動詞、時態(tài)和語態(tài)、特殊句型(省略句、倒裝句、強調(diào)句等)以及一些固定搭配知識等語法項目上。如本節(jié)完形填空中的第19空I often see many __18_(negative)__ people and hope to relieve their __19__ and make them think positively by sharing music.，此題考查固定搭配relieve one’s pain, pain和relieve搭配使用。在完形填空中考查語法主要體現(xiàn)在對復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞的判定，尤其是復(fù)雜句中的多種從句類型交錯使用，致使考生在閱讀時不知所云，無從下手。如本節(jié)完形填空中的第2空：That’s__2__ I heard piano music and singing rising above the__3_(noise) of the people and the traffic.句意為：散步時，我聽到了琴聲和歌聲。表示時間概念，與時間無關(guān)，不是之前也不是之后，表示正在發(fā)生，故用when。因此，對于這一類難點，考生首先要分析長難句，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意。其次，考生應(yīng)結(jié)合語境來猜測或推斷設(shè)空處所需詞的要求或條件。最后，考生應(yīng)仔細辨析各個選項之間的細微差異，辨別真?zhèn)?，這樣才能得出正確答案。

　　Test 19

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　I was feeling a little blue.My mother had been laid off from her job，but she said she was OK since her boss wasn’t the nicest person __1__.

　　I got off the college bus and started walking.That’s__2__I heard piano music and singing rising above the__3__of the people and the traffic.I walked a little slower__4__I could find out where it was coming from.__5__the crowd I saw a young lady sitting at a piano with a __6__next to her，singing songs about love.The way she was singing__7__me a bit.I stood there watching her __8__for about fifteen minutes，thinking that it must take__9__to perform on her own in public.

　　Feeling my presence，she looked in my__10__.I walked over and put some money in her carriage.“I have been going through a __11__time lately，but you’re made me hopeful again.”

　　“I’m happy that I could __12__.Why are you so sad？”

　　“Well，my mum had got__13__from her job，but I’m not sure what to do.”

　　“You see，the way you were __14__，” she explained.“Don’t look defeated，__15__ comes in different ways.If your head is down you might never see it.Smile more...__16__ your head up.”

　　I smiled slightly，amazed by how she was__17__me.

　　“Why are you playing here？” I asked.

　　“I am not making music.I study psychology.I often see many__18__people and hope to relieve their __19__and make them think positively by sharing music.”

　　I smiled a little wider.She was doing a good thing.My heart was touched by a __20__soul.

　　1．A.instead

　　B．somehow

　　C．a(chǎn)nyway

　　D．either

　　答案　C

　　解析　因為她的老板怎么說都不算是個好人。instead相反，而不是；somehow不知怎么地；anyway無論如何；either也。

　　2．A.since

　　B．when

　　C．before

　　D．a(chǎn)fter

　　答案　B

　　解析　散步時，我聽到了琴聲和歌聲。表示時間概念，與時間無關(guān)，不是之前也不是之后，表示正在發(fā)生，故用when。

　　3．A.noise

　　B．view

　　C．scene

　　D．hurry

　　答案　A

　　解析　在嘈雜的人流和交通的噪音中。這種路邊的聲音應(yīng)是noise。

　　4．A.but

　　B．yet

　　C．or

　　D．so

　　答案　D

　　解析　我故意放慢腳步，這樣我就能知道這歌聲從哪里來的。前后是因果關(guān)系，故用so。

　　5．A.Across

　　B．Along

　　C．Beside

　　D．Through

　　答案　D

　　解析　“穿過人群”應(yīng)用介詞through，表示從中間穿過，強調(diào)空間上的穿過。across是指從表面的一邊到另一邊。

　　6．A.plate

　　B．carriage

　　C．basket

　　D．bowl

　　答案　B

　　解析　這里要根據(jù)后面提到的“I walked over and put some money in her carriage”確定放在旁邊的是carriage。

　　7．A.discouraged

　　B．disturbed

　　C．shocked

　　D．comforted

　　答案　D

　　解析　她唱歌的方式給我一些安慰。discourage使沮喪；disturb打擾；shock使震驚。

　　8．A.playing

　　B．begging

　　C．dancing

　　D．refreshing

　　答案　A

　　解析　我站在那里看她表演了大約15分鐘。play表演，演奏；beg乞討；dance跳舞；refresh提神。

　　9．A.image

　　B．belief

　　C．courage

　　D．time

　　答案　C

　　解析　我想在公共場合表演需要很大的勇氣。courage勇氣；image形象；belief相信；time時間。

　　10．A.instruction

　　B．direction

　　C．operation

　　D．intention

　　答案　B

　　解析　她感覺到我的存在，朝我的方向看。direction方向；instruction指示，說明；operation手術(shù)；intention打算。

　　11．A.peaceful B．nice

　　C．rough

　　D．pleasure

　　答案　C

　　解析　最近我日子有點不好過。 a rough time一段艱難的時光。

　　12．A.work

　　B．improve

　　C．stand

　　D．help

　　答案　D

　　解析　我很高興我能幫你。work起作用，improve提高，改善；stand 忍受。

　　13．A.lost

　　B．fired

　　C．stuck

　　D．tired

　　答案　B

　　解析　我媽媽被老板炒魷魚了。 be fired from job被解雇了。

　　14．A.sighing

　　B．listening

　　C．walking

　　D．talking

　　答案　C

　　解析　看你走路的樣子。因為前文中提到“I got off...started walking”，故此處為the way you were walking。

　　15．A.opportunity

　　B．possibility

　　C．performance

　　D．experience

　　答案　A

　　解析　別看起來像被打敗了的模樣，機遇隨時降臨。opportunity機會，機遇。possibility可能性；performance表演，演出；experience經(jīng)歷。

　　16．A.drop

　　B．lift

　　C．pick

　　D．knock

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據(jù)前句，“如果你低著頭就看不到它，多點微笑?！贝颂幗酉聛碚f的該是“把頭抬起來”。lift sth.up抬起……。

　　17．A.depressing

　　B．encouraging

　　C．frightening

　　D．surprising

　　答案　B

　　解析　此句意思為“我微笑著，對于她鼓勵我的方式感到很吃驚。”上文說到，彈琴的人告訴作者別沮喪，抬起頭，微笑面對生活，機遇隨時都會降臨，這些都是鼓勵的話語，故此處選擇encouraging。

　　18．A.active

　　B．thoughtful

　　C．negative

　　D．surprising

　　答案　C

　　解析　我經(jīng)常看到很多帶著消極情緒的人們。這里是和后句呼應(yīng)的，故用negative。

　　19．A.pain

　　B．sight

　　C．respect

　　D．a(chǎn)ttention

　　答案　A

　　解析　relieve their pain緩解他們的痛苦。

　　20．A.classical

　　B．serious

　　C．curious

　　D．musical

　　答案　D

　　解析　我的心被一個音樂人打動了。

　?、?閱讀理解

　　After moving to the United States，immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study finds.That’s one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America.

　　The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents’food choices.After being questioned about their ability to speak English,75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite.Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.

　　When their American identities were called into question during a follow-up study，Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwiches.In the experiment,55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant.Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study.Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat(飽和脂肪)．

　　“People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，” said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington.“If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health.” Cheryan added.

　　Social pressures，the study concluded，are at the heart of the problem.“In American society today，being American is associated with being white.Americans，who don’t fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that they’re Americans，” said Cheryan.

　　1．The author wants to show that ________.

　　A．more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks

　　B．immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in

　　C．most Americans are at the risk of heart disease

　　D．a(chǎn)ll the American people have a bad eating habit

　　答案　B

　　解析　本文是一篇研究報道，第一段是文章的中心段，根據(jù)本段第一句中的內(nèi)容可知作者意在表明移民傾向于食用高能量食物以便融入美國社會。

　　2．According to the survey，________.

　　A．Asian-Americans care less about their health

　　B．25 percent of Americans like junk food

　　C．choosing food is related to Asian-Americans’situation

　　D．immigrants are forced to eat junk food

　　答案　C

　　解析　從第二段的研究可知，75%的被詢問過英語能力的亞裔美國人將一種典型的美國食物看做他們的最愛，而只有25%的沒有被詢問是否說英語的亞裔美國人這樣做，由此可推斷選擇食物與亞裔美國人的處境有關(guān)。

　　3．The underlined word “fare” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．

　　A．food offered as a meal

　　B．a(chǎn) person taking a taxi

　　C．money spent on food

　　D．a(chǎn)n arranged thing to do

　　答案　A

　　解析　結(jié)合上文中的“In the experiment,55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant.”以及劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容可推知劃線詞表示的是提供的食物。

　　4．According to Sauna Cheryan，________.

　　A．what immigrants have done is ridiculous

　　B．American traditional foods are healthier

　　C．immigrants risk their health in order to fit in

　　D．American culture affects immigrants deeply

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段后半部分中的內(nèi)容可推斷此人認為移民不惜以健康為代價去融入美國社會。

　　5．Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?

　　A．The situation of employment.

　　B．The traditional culture.

　　C．The American government.

　　D．The pressures from society.

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知應(yīng)該把不良的飲食習(xí)慣歸咎于社會壓力。

　?、?微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．當今，在校園中，亂扔亂畫現(xiàn)象比較普遍。

　　2．應(yīng)該鼓勵學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，更好地表現(xiàn)自己。

　　3．我相信在師生的共同努力下，我們學(xué)校在不久的將來會變成一個更加舒適的場所。

　　(素材來源于2011·浙江·書面表達)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：it作形式主語；be encouraged to do；賓語從句等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Nowadays it is common to litter and scribble in the school yard.Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.I believe that，with the joint efforts of both teachers and students，our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.

　　1．relieve v．減輕　relief n．輕松；緩解　in relief如釋重負　to one’s relief令某人放松的是　relieve sb.of...減輕某人的……；解除……

　　2．tend v．傾向；易于　tendency n．傾向　tend to do...傾向于做……；易于……　tend (to) sb./sth.照顧；服侍　have an tendency to do...有做……的傾向

　　3．lead to導(dǎo)致(同義短語：contribute to，result in，make for，give rise to，bring on/about等) 　lead sb.to do...使某人做……　lead a．..life過著……的生活

　　4．lay off解雇　lay out展開　lay aside儲存；擱置　lay down放下

　　5．Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.

　　句子的主干是Only_25_percent_of_Asian-Americans_did_the_same.。who had not been asked if they spoke English為定語從句修飾Asian-Americans，if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

　　利用語法知識解答完形填空題

　　在完形填空中對語法的考查主要集中在定語從句(連接詞、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別、定語從句與其他主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別)、狀語從句、名詞性從句、非謂語動詞、時態(tài)和語態(tài)、特殊句型(省略句、倒裝句、強調(diào)句等)以及一些固定搭配知識等語法項目上。如本節(jié)完形填空中的第19空I often see many __18_(negative)__ people and hope to relieve their __19__ and make them think positively by sharing music.，此題考查固定搭配relieve one’s pain, pain和relieve搭配使用。在完形填空中考查語法主要體現(xiàn)在對復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞的判定，尤其是復(fù)雜句中的多種從句類型交錯使用，致使考生在閱讀時不知所云，無從下手。如本節(jié)完形填空中的第2空：That’s__2__ I heard piano music and singing rising above the__3_(noise) of the people and the traffic.句意為：散步時，我聽到了琴聲和歌聲。表示時間概念，與時間無關(guān)，不是之前也不是之后，表示正在發(fā)生，故用when。因此，對于這一類難點，考生首先要分析長難句，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意。其次，考生應(yīng)結(jié)合語境來猜測或推斷設(shè)空處所需詞的要求或條件。最后，考生應(yīng)仔細辨析各個選項之間的細微差異，辨別真?zhèn)?，這樣才能得出正確答案。