雞尾酒會效應(yīng) cocktail party effect

　　你身處一場熱鬧的派對，音樂聲、說笑聲不絕于耳。你和同伴聊天都得喊著說話?？墒牵坏┲車腥颂岬侥愕拿?，你立馬就能聽到，似乎周圍的喧鬧都被神秘地屏蔽了。這種情況就叫cocktail party effect（雞尾酒會效應(yīng)）。

　　The cocktail party effect (also known as selective attention) is the phenomenon of being able to focus one's auditory attention on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli, much the same way that a partygoer can focus on a single conversation in a noisy room.

　　雞尾酒會效應(yīng)（cocktail party effect），也叫選擇性關(guān)注（selective attention），指將自己的聽覺注意力放在某一個特定的關(guān)注興奮點而將其余的點全部過濾出去的能力，就好像身處熱鬧派對中的人仍然能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谝欢螌υ挕?/p>

　　This effect is what allows most people to "tune in" to a single voice and "tune out" all others. It may also describe a similar phenomenon that occurs when one can immediately detect words of importance originating from unattended stimuli, for instance hearing one's name in another conversation.

　　這種效應(yīng)能夠讓多數(shù)人將很多其他無關(guān)的聲音關(guān)掉，只選擇聽自己關(guān)注的那一個聲音。還有一個類似的情況是，人們能夠從毫不關(guān)注的興奮點中立即識別對自己重要的文字信息。例如，在別人聊天時聽到自己的名字被提及。