2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精練：2.3 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣 Section Ⅰ（新人教版含解析）

　　PartⅠ　真題變式體驗(yàn)

　　1．[2024·福建高考]－Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

　?。璒h, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.

　　答案：should　根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法，結(jié)合語(yǔ)義，可知此處表示“本應(yīng)該做而未做的事”，故填should，暗含對(duì)對(duì)方的責(zé)怪。

　　2．[2024·陜西高考]You________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　答案：may　根據(jù)句中的“but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it”可判斷出，表示對(duì)前面情況的一種推測(cè)，所以用may“也許，可能”。

　　3．[2024·重慶高考]You ________ be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

　　答案：must　依據(jù)第二句可知，此處應(yīng)用must表示很有把握的推測(cè)，意為“一定，肯定”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。

　　4．[2024·陜西高考]Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。再根據(jù)句意，此處表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的一種假設(shè)，所以從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般過(guò)去式。

　　5．[2024·重慶高考]Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________ (write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　答案：wouldn't have written　該句使用了含有without的含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣，依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)，因此主句用would＋have done結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　6．[2024·天津高考]I ________ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　答案：needn't　根據(jù)語(yǔ)義可知此處表示“沒(méi)必要做某事反而做了，”故用“needn't have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　7．[2024·四川高考]You________ be careful with the camera. It costs!

　　答案：must　句意：你一定要小心這個(gè)相機(jī)。它很貴的！根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“一定”，故用must。

　　8．[2024·福建高考]________ (be) there

　　no

　　modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

　　答案：Were　本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)主句謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)would have

　　to可知設(shè)空處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，if條件從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)為“動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式”，即If there were...，在虛擬條件句中可以省略if，把were提到句首。句意：要是沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代化的通訊工具，我們要等上幾周才能獲取世界各地的資訊。

　　9．[2024·陜西高考]We

　　would

　　rather

　　our

　　daughter ________ (stay) at

　　home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child

　　any longer.

　　答案：stayed'考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。would rather...表示“寧愿，希望”，其后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：I'd rather I had not gone wrong yesterday.要是我昨天不出錯(cuò)就好了。句意：我們希望女兒待在家里和我們?cè)谝黄?，但這是她的選擇，她不再是個(gè)孩子了。

　　10．[2024·重慶高考]It was John who broke the window. Why are you

　　talking to me as if I ________ (do) it?

　　答案：had done'本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。第一句已經(jīng)說(shuō)明是John打壞的窗戶，所以第二句中as if后面要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而且是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，故填had done。句意：是約翰打壞的窗戶，你為什么和我說(shuō)呢？好像是我打壞的一樣?！?/p>

　　PartⅡ　語(yǔ)篇真題演練

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　[2024·廣東高考]One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __16__ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much __17__ too little.”

　　His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, __18__ not save a bit of money？”

　　“That would be a very __19__ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours，” Nick said.

　　Step 1：通讀全文，掌握主旨大意。

　　本文講述的是尼克叫兒子去買些鹽，并交代兒子要以合理公平的價(jià)格買，不能破壞市場(chǎng)平衡的故事，告訴我們要懂得尊重他人的勞動(dòng)和維護(hù)生活中的公平。

　　Step 2：逐題解答，確定答案。

　　16．found?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)?！八l(fā)現(xiàn)他的鹽已經(jīng)用完了?！庇汕耙痪渲械摹癘ne day, Nick invited.”可知答案。

　　17．nor?？疾楦痹~。此處為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　18．why。考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示尼克兒子的疑問(wèn)。

　　19．reasonable。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾名詞用形容詞。

　　20．who?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)且指人，可確定答案。

　　21．a(chǎn)t?？疾榻樵~?！耙员容^低的價(jià)格”。Nick's guests, __20__ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt __21__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing

　　a lack of respect __22__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”

　　“But such a small thing couldn't __23__ (possible) destroy a village.”

　　“In

　　the beginning, there was only __24__ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always __25__ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”

　　22.for。考查固定短語(yǔ)?！皊how respect for”對(duì)……表示尊重。

　　23．possibly?？疾楦痹~。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。

　　24．a(chǎn)。考查冠詞。表示“一點(diǎn)兒，少量的”。

　　25．thinking?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。everyone是主語(yǔ)，added是謂語(yǔ)，think的邏輯主語(yǔ)是everyone，兩者之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。

　　Step 3：代入驗(yàn)證。

　　需考慮語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)正確且語(yǔ)義符合邏輯，語(yǔ)法結(jié)合語(yǔ)義才能確保萬(wàn)無(wú)一失。

　　PartⅠ　真題變式體驗(yàn)

　　1．[2024·福建高考]－Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

　　－Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.

　　答案：should　根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法，結(jié)合語(yǔ)義，可知此處表示“本應(yīng)該做而未做的事”，故填should，暗含對(duì)對(duì)方的責(zé)怪。

　　2．[2024·陜西高考]You________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　答案：may　根據(jù)句中的“but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it”可判斷出，表示對(duì)前面情況的一種推測(cè)，所以用may“也許，可能”。

　　3．[2024·重慶高考]You ________ be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

　　答案：must　依據(jù)第二句可知，此處應(yīng)用must表示很有把握的推測(cè)，意為“一定，肯定”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。

　　4．[2024·陜西高考]Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。再根據(jù)句意，此處表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的一種假設(shè)，所以從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般過(guò)去式。

　　5．[2024·重慶高考]Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________ (write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　答案：wouldn't have written　該句使用了含有without的含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣，依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)，因此主句用would＋have done結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　6．[2024·天津高考]I ________ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　答案：needn't　根據(jù)語(yǔ)義可知此處表示“沒(méi)必要做某事反而做了，”故用“needn't have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　7．[2024·四川高考]You________ be careful with the camera. It costs!

　　答案：must　句意：你一定要小心這個(gè)相機(jī)。它很貴的！根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“一定”，故用must。

　　8．[2024·福建高考]________ (be) there

　　no

　　modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

　　答案：Were　本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)主句謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)would have

　　to可知設(shè)空處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，if條件從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)為“動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式”，即If there were...，在虛擬條件句中可以省略if，把were提到句首。句意：要是沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代化的通訊工具，我們要等上幾周才能獲取世界各地的資訊。

　　9．[2024·陜西高考]We

　　would

　　rather

　　our

　　daughter ________ (stay) at

　　home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child

　　any longer.

　　答案：stayed'考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。would rather...表示“寧愿，希望”，其后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：I'd rather I had not gone wrong yesterday.要是我昨天不出錯(cuò)就好了。句意：我們希望女兒待在家里和我們?cè)谝黄穑@是她的選擇，她不再是個(gè)孩子了。

　　10．[2024·重慶高考]It was John who broke the window. Why are you

　　talking to me as if I ________ (do) it?

　　答案：had done'本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。第一句已經(jīng)說(shuō)明是John打壞的窗戶，所以第二句中as if后面要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而且是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，故填had done。句意：是約翰打壞的窗戶，你為什么和我說(shuō)呢？好像是我打壞的一樣?！?/p>

　　PartⅡ　語(yǔ)篇真題演練

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　[2024·廣東高考]One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __16__ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much __17__ too little.”

　　His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, __18__ not save a bit of money？”

　　“That would be a very __19__ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours，” Nick said.

　　Step 1：通讀全文，掌握主旨大意。

　　本文講述的是尼克叫兒子去買些鹽，并交代兒子要以合理公平的價(jià)格買，不能破壞市場(chǎng)平衡的故事，告訴我們要懂得尊重他人的勞動(dòng)和維護(hù)生活中的公平。

　　Step 2：逐題解答，確定答案。

　　16．found。考查時(shí)態(tài)。“他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的鹽已經(jīng)用完了?！庇汕耙痪渲械摹癘ne day, Nick invited.”可知答案。

　　17．nor。考查副詞。此處為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　18．why。考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示尼克兒子的疑問(wèn)。

　　19．reasonable?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾名詞用形容詞。

　　20．who。考查定語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)且指人，可確定答案。

　　21．a(chǎn)t?？疾榻樵~?！耙员容^低的價(jià)格”。Nick's guests, __20__ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt __21__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing

　　a lack of respect __22__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”

　　“But such a small thing couldn't __23__ (possible) destroy a village.”

　　“In

　　the beginning, there was only __24__ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always __25__ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”

　　22.for?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)?！皊how respect for”對(duì)……表示尊重。

　　23．possibly。考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。

　　24．a(chǎn)?？疾楣谠~。表示“一點(diǎn)兒，少量的”。

　　25．thinking?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。everyone是主語(yǔ)，added是謂語(yǔ)，think的邏輯主語(yǔ)是everyone，兩者之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。

　　Step 3：代入驗(yàn)證。

　　需考慮語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)正確且語(yǔ)義符合邏輯，語(yǔ)法結(jié)合語(yǔ)義才能確保萬(wàn)無(wú)一失。