2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題技能突破演練：48 語法（含解析）
專題技能突破(48) 語法
【技能講解】 英語語法是針對英語語言的語法進行的研究。語法是組詞造句的規(guī)則，是把合適的詞放進合適位置的藝術(shù)文化底蘊，語法可以分為兩大部分：詞法和句法。詞法包括各類詞的形態(tài)及其變化，句法主要講句子的種類、類型，句子成分及遣詞造句的規(guī)則。學(xué)生理解的語法往往很狹隘，把英語學(xué)不好簡單的歸咎為語法聽不懂。殊不知詞法也是語法中不可缺少的，最基礎(chǔ)、最重要的一部分。學(xué)習(xí)每一個單詞的過程也是學(xué)習(xí)語法的過程之一。因此，想學(xué)好語法，首先學(xué)好詞法。只有詞法掌握好了，即知道一個單詞的含義，詞性及用法，才能正確地把單詞組合成句子。句子主要分三種：簡單句，并列句和復(fù)合句。首先，必須學(xué)會分析簡單句的句子成分，即主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補、同位。然后，學(xué)會如何把并列句、復(fù)合句拆分為兩個或多個簡單句，這樣，長難句的理解就迎刃而解了。有時簡單句也可能很長，其實只要抓住句子的主干，剩下的部分就好理解了。總之，學(xué)好語法并不難，也不抽象，只要時時留心，處處留神，從每一個單詞學(xué)起，平時多積累，多整理，多分析句子，語法一定能學(xué)好。典例剖析It was so lovely that I liked very much.
________________________________________________________
[答案] like為及物動詞，故其后需加it作賓語。
不及物動詞后不能直接加賓語，有時可以加介詞，再接賓語，如改錯：
2．Please wait me for a moment.
________________________________________________________
[答案] wait為不及物動詞，故需加一個介詞for。
另外，還需要知道一個單詞往往不只一個詞性或不只有一種詞意，如：
present
3．One woman, Mrs Gilbert, ________ Dario's mother ________ a book of piano music by Chopin.[2024·北京高考，完形]
[答案] presented; with
在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中，如能多積累一詞多意，一詞多性的詞的用法，有助于在高考題中正確地并且迅速地理解文章意思，幫助考生做對題。如：
4．On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to Feed.” [2024·課標全國卷，完形]
spot: n. ________.
vt. ________
[答案] 點、斑點 發(fā)現(xiàn)
技能演練改錯
(1)China enters into a new five-year plan period next year.
________________________________________________________
(2)I will arrange someone to take you around.
________________________________________________________
答案：(1)enter為及物動詞，故刪去into。
(2)arrange for sb. to do sth.意為“安排某人做某事”，故arrange后加for。
2．寫出下列單詞的多重含義并判斷其在以下例句中的含義
(1)spare
She said that she could only spare 35 minutes for our meeting.
________________________________________________________
(2)strike
It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.
________________________________________________________
答案：(1)spare
spare：抽出
(2)strike
strike：某人突然想到
3．分析句子
(1)斷句，把下列長句子用“/”斷成幾個簡單句
It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.
(2)劃出下列句子的主干
Advice from graduates or current students can be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program.
答案：(1)It's about time/they had to be registered and insured，/so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident，/at least they can be traced and/there might be an opportunity to claim.
(2)Advice from graduates or current students can_be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program.
專題技能突破(48) 語法
【技能講解】 英語語法是針對英語語言的語法進行的研究。語法是組詞造句的規(guī)則，是把合適的詞放進合適位置的藝術(shù)文化底蘊，語法可以分為兩大部分：詞法和句法。詞法包括各類詞的形態(tài)及其變化，句法主要講句子的種類、類型，句子成分及遣詞造句的規(guī)則。學(xué)生理解的語法往往很狹隘，把英語學(xué)不好簡單的歸咎為語法聽不懂。殊不知詞法也是語法中不可缺少的，最基礎(chǔ)、最重要的一部分。學(xué)習(xí)每一個單詞的過程也是學(xué)習(xí)語法的過程之一。因此，想學(xué)好語法，首先學(xué)好詞法。只有詞法掌握好了，即知道一個單詞的含義，詞性及用法，才能正確地把單詞組合成句子。句子主要分三種：簡單句，并列句和復(fù)合句。首先，必須學(xué)會分析簡單句的句子成分，即主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補、同位。然后，學(xué)會如何把并列句、復(fù)合句拆分為兩個或多個簡單句，這樣，長難句的理解就迎刃而解了。有時簡單句也可能很長，其實只要抓住句子的主干，剩下的部分就好理解了。總之，學(xué)好語法并不難，也不抽象，只要時時留心，處處留神，從每一個單詞學(xué)起，平時多積累，多整理，多分析句子，語法一定能學(xué)好。典例剖析It was so lovely that I liked very much.
________________________________________________________
[答案] like為及物動詞，故其后需加it作賓語。
不及物動詞后不能直接加賓語，有時可以加介詞，再接賓語，如改錯：
2．Please wait me for a moment.
________________________________________________________
[答案] wait為不及物動詞，故需加一個介詞for。
另外，還需要知道一個單詞往往不只一個詞性或不只有一種詞意，如：
present
3．One woman, Mrs Gilbert, ________ Dario's mother ________ a book of piano music by Chopin.[2024·北京高考，完形]
[答案] presented; with
在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中，如能多積累一詞多意，一詞多性的詞的用法，有助于在高考題中正確地并且迅速地理解文章意思，幫助考生做對題。如：
4．On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to Feed.” [2024·課標全國卷，完形]
spot: n. ________.
vt. ________
[答案] 點、斑點 發(fā)現(xiàn)
技能演練改錯
(1)China enters into a new five-year plan period next year.
________________________________________________________
(2)I will arrange someone to take you around.
________________________________________________________
答案：(1)enter為及物動詞，故刪去into。
(2)arrange for sb. to do sth.意為“安排某人做某事”，故arrange后加for。
2．寫出下列單詞的多重含義并判斷其在以下例句中的含義
(1)spare
She said that she could only spare 35 minutes for our meeting.
________________________________________________________
(2)strike
It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.
________________________________________________________
答案：(1)spare
spare：抽出
(2)strike
strike：某人突然想到
3．分析句子
(1)斷句，把下列長句子用“/”斷成幾個簡單句
It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.
(2)劃出下列句子的主干
Advice from graduates or current students can be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program.
答案：(1)It's about time/they had to be registered and insured，/so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident，/at least they can be traced and/there might be an opportunity to claim.
(2)Advice from graduates or current students can_be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program.
