（豫皖京閩粵通用）2024屆高考英語北師大版一輪自主復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：book8 Unit 23《conflict》
話題詞匯
1．quarrel v．& n．吵架，爭論
2．a(chǎn)void v．避開，避免
3．harmonious adj.和諧的
4．forgive v．原諒
5．communicate v．交流
6．considerate adj.考慮周到的
7．keep calm保持冷靜
8．put up with忍受，容忍
9．get along well with...和……相處得很好
10．conflict with沖突，與……抵觸
經(jīng)典語篇 (2024·江蘇)
生活中沖突時有發(fā)生。假設(shè)你班同學(xué)蘇華和李江打籃球時發(fā)生爭執(zhí)，導(dǎo)致關(guān)系緊張。請你結(jié)合此事，并根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一篇短文，向?qū)W校英文報“Happy Teens”專欄投稿。
簡要描述事情的經(jīng)過 打籃球、碰撞、爭執(zhí)，等等
分析發(fā)生沖突的原因
1.遇事不夠冷靜
2.……
談?wù)劚苊鉀_突的做法 (請考生根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷或感想，提出至少兩種做法)
注意：1.對所有要點逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯；
2．詞數(shù)150左右。
佳作欣賞
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.During the basketball game yesterday afternoon，Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other，trying to catch the ball.Then they started shouting and yelling，and it turned into a horrible quarrel.①
To be honest，it was Su’s fault，but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.They cared too much about winning and losing.As a matter of fact，blocking，pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.②
To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.③ It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.④
Don’t be self-centred and try to be considerate.We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.
思維發(fā)散
1．把第①句改為復(fù)合句
Then they started shouting and yelling，which turned into a horrible quarrel.
2．用as a matter of fact的同義短語(單詞)改寫第②句
In fact/Actually/In reality，blocking，pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.
3．用so as to改寫第③句
We should be kind to one another so as to avoid such conflicts，which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.
4．用rather than改寫第④句
We should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place rather than blame each other.
?、?重點單詞
A．寫作單詞
1．justice (n.)公正，正義
2．racial (adj.)種族之間的
race (n.)種族；比賽；競爭
3．expose (vt.)使置身于危險中；暴露
4．classify (vt.)把……分類；歸類
5．a(chǎn)ppoint (vt.)任命，委任
appointment (n.)任命，委任；約定；約會；預(yù)約
6．possession (n.)私有物品
possess (vt.)擁有
7．shoot (vt.&vi.)射擊
shot (n.)射擊，開槍
8．greet (vt.)問候，致意
greeting (n.)問候，致意
9．strengthen (vt.)(使)變強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng)
strength (n.)力量
strong (adj.)強(qiáng)壯的
10．intend (vt.)想要，打算
intention (n.)意圖，打算
11．expense (n.)費用，開支
expensive (adj.)昂貴的
B．閱讀單詞
12．betray (vt.)出賣，背叛
13．friction (n.)不和，沖突
14．compromise (n.&v.)妥協(xié)，讓步
15．prejudice (n.)偏見；成見
16．furnished (adj.)配有家具的
furnish (v.)在(房屋等)布置家具；提供
17．departure (n.)離開，離去
18．subscribe (to) (vi.)訂閱(雜志或報紙)
19．union (n.)聯(lián)合會，工會
unite (v.)聯(lián)合
united (adj.)聯(lián)合的
20．a(chǎn)llowance (n.)零用錢；津貼
21．contradict (vt.)反駁，糾正
22．security (n.)安全
secure (adj.)安全的
23．unconscious (adj.)失去知覺的
24．representative (n.)代表
represent (vt.)代表
25．remark (vt.)說起，談到
26．distribute (vt.)分發(fā)，分配
distribution (n.)分配；分布
27．consume (vt.)喝；消費，消耗
consumer (n.)消費者
28．salute (vt.)向……致敬
29．swear (vi.)發(fā)誓
30．a(chǎn)cquaintance (n.)相識的人
31．sponsor (vt.)贊助
32．liberation (n.)解放
liberate (v.)解放
33．ending (n.)結(jié)尾，結(jié)局
34．handful (n.)少數(shù)，一些
Ⅱ.重點短語
1．hand over把……交給
2．bid...goodbye to向……告別
3．be exposed to處于可能受傷害的境地
4．in a flash瞬間，即刻
5．stand up for保護(hù)，維護(hù)
6．talk sth.over with sb.與……詳細(xì)討論……
7．put forward提議，提出
8．from then on從那時起，以后
9．give in讓步，屈服
10．send for派人去叫……
11．call in請(某人)
12．have a gift for有……的天賦
13．keep off減去
14．hold out(在困境中)堅持
15．by and by不久以后
16．call on要求……介入
17．look down on看不起
18．keep one’s word遵守諾言
19．come about發(fā)生
20．in surprise吃驚地，驚奇地
21．in peace和平地
22．the more...the more...越……就越……
23．join up參軍
24．rope off用繩子圍起(隔開)
25．bring sth.on sb.給某人招來(不愉快的)事情
26．look into調(diào)查
27．sort out解決(問題或困難)
?、?經(jīng)典句式
1．Had they known their neighbour was a drummer，they wouldn’t have moved into the building.
要是早知道他們的鄰居是一位鼓手，他們就不會搬進(jìn)這座大樓。
2．No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.
他們剛一搬進(jìn)去噪音就開始了，而且他們幾乎沒有睡過一個囫圇覺。
3．Smith lives above the McKays and it appears that not only is he a keen gardener，he is also a fish collector.
史密斯住在麥凱一家人的樓上，看起來他不僅熱衷于園藝，還是個魚類收藏家。
4．Unless I receive a positive reply within the next three weeks，I intend to take further action.
如果在接下來的三周之內(nèi)我得不到令人滿意的答復(fù)，我將采取進(jìn)一步的行動。
5．Neither could they relax or read a book without plugging their ears.
不塞住他們的耳朵，他們既不能放松，也不能讀書。
?、?課文語法填空
Drummer hits the road
Yang Ming,1.a drummer and bachelor，held parties every night,2.which has caused many complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep.They say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.Since they 3.moved(move) into the building，they have rarely got a full night’s sleep.They even couldn’t get relaxed or read without plugging their ears.Moreover，one neighbour thinks Yang is an alcoholic and had a bad influence on his son.Finally，the local council took action.Yang Ming had to leave his furnished apartment.His departure has made his neighbours’ life return 4.to normal.
Grandpa jailed after one shower too many
Smith，a keen gardener and fish collector，lives above the Mckays.5.Unluckily(luck)，the water he sent over his balcony every day dropped on the Mckays’，or too often，on the Mckays 6.themselves.It was not so much the water falling onto their balcony 7.but the way he cleaned his fish tanks 8.that bothered them.They were sitting there happily 9.reading(read) their newspapers when so much water would come from above so that they got wet all over.
On Saturday evening，when it was James’ eightieth birthday，Smith emptied one larger tank and both the Mckays and the cake were wet through.James，who is usually a peaceful person，couldn’t tolerate it any more.He was up there in a flash and hit Smith on the head with his walking stick.As a result，James spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely 10.the most exciting(exciting) birthday ever.
1
expose v.使置身于危險中；暴露；揭露；使曝光
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 非謂語動詞句法功能的考查
expose...to使顯露；暴露
be exposed to暴露于；經(jīng)受……
expose sth./sb./oneself to...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……
(1)They have not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.
城市人口中多數(shù)常見的疾病他們都沒有接觸到。
(2)These units exposed children to many viewpoints of a given issue.
這些單元讓孩子們接觸到有關(guān)某一特定問題的多種觀點。
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)同義詞語替換
The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.let out/gave away
(2)同義句改寫
?、貰eing exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.
a．Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(用v.-ing的主動形式作主語改寫)
b．If exposed to the sunlight for too long，you will get your skin harmed.(用if省略句改寫)
②He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.(用過去分詞短語作原因狀語改寫)
Exposed to the rain and wind last night，he was ill.
2
classify vt.編排；把……分類；歸類
classify sb./sth.by/according to sth.根據(jù)……劃分……
classify sb./sth.into sth.把……分為……
classify sth.as...把某事物歸類為……
(1)It is necessary initially to classify the headaches into certain types.
首先，必須將頭痛分為幾個類型。
(2)These cows are now classified as a rare breed.
這些奶?，F(xiàn)在被歸為稀有動物。
多維訓(xùn)練
單句語法填空
(1)Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
(2)Our class was then classified into four groups.
(3)In the study families are classified by their income.
3
possession n.個人財產(chǎn)，私有物品；擁有，具有
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] be in possession of 作為高級詞匯替換own，belong to
?1?be in possession of擁有……?主語為人?,be in the possession of ?某物?被?某人?所擁有,come into one’s possession為某人所擁有
take/come into possession of占有；擁有
?2?be possessed of?＝possess oneself of?具有；擁有
(1)When her father died，she came into possession of a large fortune.
她父親去世時，她繼承了一大筆財產(chǎn)。
(2)We took possession of the enemy’s stronghold.
我們占領(lǐng)了敵人的要塞。
(3)His family was possessed of a large fortune.
他家擁有大筆財富。
多維訓(xùn)練
同義句改寫
He is in possession of the company.
(1)The company is in the possession of him.(用the company作主語改寫)
(2)He is possessed of the company.(用possess短語改寫)
(3)He possesses the company. (用possess v．改寫)
4
remark n.談?wù)?；言論；評述；v.評論；談?wù)?；說起，談到
[多詞一義] remarkable，distinguished，excellent，brilliant
?1?make a remark/remarks on/over/about就……發(fā)表意見
?2?remark on/upon對……進(jìn)行評論
remark that...說……；談到……
(1)I remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon.
我說過我那天下午要去購物。
(2)She has made outspoken remarks about the legalization of cannabis in Britain.
她對英國關(guān)于大麻的立法進(jìn)行了大膽評論。
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)單句語法填空
?、貯nna got really angry by Jack’s rude remarks about/on/over her figure.
?、贗t’s bad manners to remark(remark) on others.
?、跡llen later regretted her remarks(remark) about his private affairs.
(2)同義句改寫
Don’t remark on her appearance rudely.(用remark的名詞短語改寫)
Don’t make rude remarks on her appearance.
(3)翻譯句子
她父親說該走了。(remark v．)
Her father remarked that it was time to leave.
5
distribute vt.分發(fā)?deliver?；分配?share?
[多詞一義] distribute，hand out，spread，divide，deliver
?1?distribute sth.to sb.把某物分配?發(fā)?給某人
distribute sth.among sb.在某人中分配……
?2?distribution n.分配；配給；分送；分布?區(qū)域?
(1)Textbooks are distributed free of charge.
教科書是免費發(fā)放的。
(2)In the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed among friends.
大部分家具在搬家的時候都留給了鄰居或送了朋友。
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)單句語法填空
?、貾lease distribute these pictures among/to the children.
?、赑ines have a very wide distribution(distribute)．
?、跿he Red Cross has started distributing(distribute) food and blankets to villages in the flood area.
(2)完成句子
?、貰ut its wealth was distributed unfairly among the population.
但是它的財富卻在人口中分配不公。
?、赥his kind of plant is widely distributed throughout China.
這種植物在中國有廣泛的分布。
6
intend vt.打算；計劃?plan?；想要?want?；意指?mean?
intend to do/doing sth.打算、意圖做某事
intend sb.to do sth.打算讓某人做某事
be intended for/to do...旨在，預(yù)定……用途；為……打算的
had intended to do...＝intended to have done...本打算做……
(1)He intends to study/studying abroad next year.
他打算明年去國外留學(xué)。
(2)I intend you to come with me.
我想讓你跟我一塊去。
(3)This book is intended for children.
這本書是供孩子們用的。
多維訓(xùn)練
同義句改寫
(1)They intended that the plan should be put into practice within this year.(改為簡單句)
