2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測：必修5.1《Great Scientists》（練）（解析版）

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　?。ň殻?2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測（解析版）

　　人教版2024屆高三一輪英語復習資料

　　必修5

　　Unit 1 Great Scientists

　?、?詞義辨析

　　1.Finding information in today’s world is easy. The _________is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.

　　A．inquiry

　　B．challenge

　　C．victim

　　D．universe

　　2.Police _________that she had some connection with last week’s robbery of the bank.

　　A．suspected

　　B．absorbed

　　C．handled

　　D．instructed

　　3．The boy was found seated on a bench，completely _________in a novel.

　　A．defeated

　　B．delivered

　　C．absorbed

　　D．exposed

　　4．He found the cholera outbreak was so __________that more than 500 people died in 10 days.

　　A．positive

　　B．severe

　　C．strict

　　D．cautious

　　5．The salesgirl is very good at __________difficult customers，which pleases the manager very much.

　　A．confusing

　　B．expanding

　　C．disturbing

　　D．handling

　　6．The new railway is still under________ .It will be months before it is completed.

　　A．occupation

　　B．function

　　C．addition

　　D．construction

　　7．Eating too much fat can ___________to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

　　A．contribute

　　B．respond

　　C．attend

　　D．Amount

　　8．The singer was very popular and got an _________reception when he appeared on the stage.

　　A．informal

　　B．optimistic

　　C．enthusiastic

　　D．accurate

　　9．I think you should be ___________about giving your address to strangers. It might be dangerous.

　　A．confident

　　B．cautious

　　C．scientific

　　D．positive

　　10．The idea that the earth was flat and the sun moved around the earth was ________centuries ago.

　　A．instructed

　　B．polluted

　　C．rejected

　　D．reduced

　　【答案】1—5 B A C B D 6—10 D A C B C

　?、?情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣專練

　　1．(2024·北京昌平統(tǒng)考二)—Well，I missed the early train to Suzhou.

　　—But had you hurried，you ________ .

　　2．(2024·浙江省高三第二次五校聯(lián)考)That night，trapped alone in the mountain，she felt cold，hungry and scared.She ________ (cry)．

　　3．(2024·杭州高級中學月考)If he ________ (insist)that he ________ (go)to work there，everything would be OK now.

　　4．(2024·四川涼山三診)—Without your help，we ________ (finish)this task on time.

　　—My pleasure.

　　5．(2024·三峽名校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)I would rather

　　________

　　(go)to work after my graduation，but my father would rather I

　　________

　　(go)abroad for further education.

　　6．(2024·北京海淀一模)—Jeff, what’s up？You are not yourself today.

　　—Oh，Mom. I really wish I ________(get) the chance but I failed.

　　7．(2024·四川綿陽南山中學調研)The weather turned out to be fine.I________(not take) the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.

　　8．(2024·山東4月模擬沖刺) Don’t be angry with us. We________(eat)out with you together, but we were busy with our final reports when you called in.

　　9．(2024·浙江高考最后沖刺卷)It is required by law that enough evidence________(provide) to prove one is innocent of a crime.

　　10．(2024·江西大聯(lián)考)But for the fact that China________(be) also affected by the global economic crisis, we ________(have) fewer unemployed workers now.

　　2．could have cried　考查情態(tài)動詞與完成時連用的用法。句意：那夜，被單獨困在山中，她感到又冷又餓又害怕。她本來能夠哭出來。根據(jù)語境是過去時，應用情態(tài)動詞與完成時連用。could have done沒有做本來能夠做的事情。]

　　3．had insisted；be sent　考查虛擬語氣在insist從句中的用法。若insist表示“堅持要求做某事”從句中應用should＋v.，should可省略；若insist表示“堅持說，堅持認為”則從句需根據(jù)句意選擇合適的時態(tài)。本句句意為：如果他堅持要求被派往那兒的話，現(xiàn)在一切都好了。事實上并非如此。]

　　4．would not have finished　without，but for；要沒有……，相當于if從句。本句可改為if you hadn’t helped us，we ________ this task on time。這是與過去事實相反的句子。]

　　5．go；went　句意：我愿意畢業(yè)后參加工作，但我父親卻愿意我出國進修。“would rather＋動詞原形”表示：愿意現(xiàn)在或將來做某事，故第一空用動詞原形；在“would rather＋ that從句”句型中，that從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或將來的假設；用過去完成時表示過去的假設。]

　　6．had got　句意：杰夫，怎么了？你今天感覺不舒服吧。哦，媽媽。我真的希望我能把握住這個機會，可是我失敗了。wish后面接的是賓語從句，從but I failed可以知道與過去事實相反，故采用過去完成時態(tài)。]

　　7．needn’t have taken　表示“本來沒有必要做……結果卻做了”，是一種表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。]

　　8．could have eaten　句意：不要生我們的氣。我們本來要與你一起外出吃飯的，但你打電話時，我們正在忙著完成最后的報告。此處表示與過去的情況相反的虛擬語氣，主句的謂語要用could have done，表示“本來能夠/本來會……的，但實際情況不是這樣”。]

　　9．be provided　句意：據(jù)法律要求，要有足夠的證據(jù)被提供以證實一個人是無罪的。表示“要求”的動詞require，與其相關的名詞性從句用虛擬語氣，采用“(should＋)do”的形式。]

　　0．is; would have　句意：要不是中國也受全球經濟危機的影響這一事實，我們現(xiàn)在失業(yè)的工人就會更少。其條件隱含在But for...里，that后是一個同位語從句，指現(xiàn)在的情況，是事實，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，而后面部分是主句，表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況，因此用虛擬語氣。].短語填空

　　put forward；link...to...；apart from；lead to；make sense；expose...to；look into；slow down；die of；at times

　　1．A black car cut in ahead of me，forcing me to________.

　　2．Without plenty of water，you will easily _________thirst in the desert.

　　3．This essay is quite good

　　a couple of spelling mistakes.

　　4．There is no doubt that stress can __________physical illness.

　　5．I don’t think it ___________to focus only on providing basic services.

　　6．I wrote a letter of complaint，and the airline have promised to ________the matter.

　　7．Andrew can be very bad tempered _________even though he is friendly in general.

　　8．A new approach to teaching languages was ___________at the meeting last week.

　　9．These colors will not last if they __________the sun.

　　10．Scientists now _______certain types of cancer ________the amount of junk food that people eat.

　　【答案】1. slow down 2. die of 3. apart from

　　4. lead to

　　5. makes sense

　　6. look into 7. at times 8. put forward 9. are exposed to

　　10. link；to

　　IV.完成句子

　　1．To prevent this from happening again，he suggested ______________________________

　　(所有的水源都要經過檢測)．(examine)

　　2．The water companies were instructed _____________________________(不能再讓人們接

　　觸被污染的水)．(expose)

　　3．Yet Copernicus’ theory is now ____________________________________________________(我們的宇宙

　　觀賴以建立的基礎)．(basis)

　　【答案】1. the source of all the water supplies be examined 2. not to expose people to polluted water any more 3. the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built

　　V.模仿造句

　　1．It seemed that the water was to blame.

　　翻譯]我們不知道該怪誰。

　　___________________________________________

　　2．A woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.

　　翻譯]我們剛才請人把機器修好了。

　　_____________________________________________________

　　3．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

　　翻譯]我只有找到了工作才有足夠的錢上學。

　　____________________________________________________________

　　4．They believed God had made the world and the earth must be the centre of the solar system.

　　翻譯]那不是解決問題的唯一辦法，肯定有另外的辦法。

　　_____________________________________________________________

　　5．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it.

　　翻譯]在亞洲的某些地方，你坐著時你的腳不能朝向別人。

　　_______________________________________________________________

　　【答案】1. We don’t know who is to blame.

　　2. I had the machine mended just now.

　　3. Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 4. That can’t be the only way. There must be other ways of solving the problem. 5. In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.

　　VI．語法填空

　　【黑龍江省哈爾濱市第六中學2024屆高三上學期開學考試】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式.

　　way for small companies to rent small space in great locations.

　　In 2008，many businesses had to shut down. Shops and some offices

　　(leave)empty when people stopped

　　(run) them. Smart businessmen occupied some of them quickly because they could start a business with much

　　(low) risk. The temporary nature of a pop一up gave them the opportunity

　　( test) a product and develop a customer base. Being small made

　　easier for pop-ups to expand if they were successful.

　　Pop-up shops can take many different forms. They might be temporary shops in the high street or a shopping centre. hey might be simple market stalls. According to a 2024 report made

　　the Centre of Economic and Business Research, the pop-up industry was worth ?. 1 billion

　　it is expected to grow by 8.4% this year.

　　Almost anything

　　can be on a high street can also be a pop-up. In an age of fast tchanging habits, the pop-up idea might be here to stay.

　　1.arrangements

　　考查名詞。此處需要的是名詞形式，根據(jù)前文的are可知復數(shù)形式。故填arrangements。

　　2.original

　　考查形容詞。根據(jù)前文的were，此處為系表結構，故填original。

　　3.were left

　　考查被動語態(tài)。此處指的是商店是被離開的，故填were left。

　　4.running

　　考查固定用法。Stop doing停止做某事指停止做原來的事情。故填running。

　　5.lower

　　考查比較級。對much+形容詞或副詞的比較級，表示加強比較級的語氣.故填lower。

　　6.to test

　　考查固定用法。an opportunity to do做某事的機會。故填to test。

　　7.it

　　考查固定用法。Make it + adj + to do是使得做某事怎么樣的意思。故填it。

　　8.by

　　考查介詞。此處指的是由…，故填by。

　　9.and

　　考查連詞。此處前后文是連接關系，應該用and連接。故填and。

　　10.that

　　考查連詞?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處的先行詞是anything，應該用that。故填that。

　　考點：考查語法填空

　　VII．完形填空

　　完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

　　閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　When you eat out in a restaurant, it is not unusual to hear people yelling, “Let me get this one!” Sometimes you can see them

　　or arm wrestling to fight for the

　　for paying the bill. These fights are often very loud and active. Each person

　　shows an honest desire to pick up the bill, and in the end, all the people at the table give the winner praise and

　　In fact, figuring out who will get the bill is always a

　　for Chinese people at formal meals. Although the people who

　　the meal are very likely to pay the check, it is a

　　practice to make an effort to pay the bill. But you will

　　them if you do end up actually collecting money.

　　In recent years, going Dutch has been embraced by many young people.

　　, older generations who fear “l(fā)osing

　　” still find it embarrassing and mean to calculate each person’s

　　of the bill.

　　But these days,

　　digital payment apps, splitting (分攤) the bill

　　is becoming widely-accepted idea. Even people from

　　generations may want to do so. By scanning a code

　　paying their share via WeChat or Alipay on their phones in one easy click, Chinese are

　　it easy to relieve the embarrassment of figuring out each person’s payment when they order a meal. This function has made going Dutch less

　　and more fun in China. “Many of us are never without our phones ___18___ they are convenient. And person-to-person mobile payment services are incredibly

　　to use and at the same time save the trouble of

　　change,” said 18-year-old Han Chen, a student from Senior High School.

　　1. A. talking

　　B. arguing

　　C. pushing

　　D. carrying

　　2. A. turn

　　B. privilege

　　C. order

　　D. right

　　3. A. involved

　　B. called