2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)《全優(yōu)課堂》核心語法項(xiàng)項(xiàng)破課件：專題9 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣（新人教版）
根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1．I wish I _________(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2024天津) 2．Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I__________(dance) as well as her.(2024陜西)
3．We would rather our daughter ________(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.(2024陜西) 【答案】1.had been 2.danced 3.stayed 三、(should＋) do …結(jié)構(gòu)的虛擬語氣 1．用于表示建議、愿望、命令等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中 動(dòng)詞demand, order, require, insist, suggest, propose, advise, request, urge, command, prefer, desire, recommend等的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。
2．用于主語從句中 在It is desired/suggested/proposed/ recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essential＋ that從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 3．用于表語從句和同位語從句中 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，其構(gòu)成是“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 He recommended that the task should be finished tomorrow.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津】 當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“堅(jiān)持說”之意時(shí)，suggest/insist后的賓語從句不使用虛擬語氣，應(yīng)使用陳述語氣。
根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1．My mom suggests that we ________(eat) out for a change this weekend.(2024陜西) 2．Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam _________(be) at the age of six months old.(2024浙江) 3．The order came that the medical supplies_______ (send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon. 4．The expression on his face suggested that he ______(be) ill, and it was suggested that he ____________(send) to the hospital right now. 5．He insisted that he _______(not break) the law and he insisted that he __________(set) free right now.
【答案】1.(should) eat 2.(should) be 3．(should) be sent 4.was; (should) be sent 5．had not broken; should be set
四、含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣 有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示，而是由otherwise, but, or, without, but for (要不是；如果沒有)等來引導(dǎo)或者通過上下文引出。 根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1. It is lucky we booked a room, or we _________(have) nowhere to stay now.(2024安徽) 2. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________(not write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2024重慶) 3．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________ (come)to our help.(2024浙江) 4．We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we________ (visit) more places of interest yesterday.(2024福建) 5．We________(put)John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
【答案】1.would have 2.wouldn't have written 3．would have come 4.would have visited 5．would/could/might have put
五、其他句型中的虛擬語氣 1．在“It is (about/high) time＋that從句”中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用過去式或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。 2．在if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語氣表示愿望。 3．a(chǎn)s if, as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句和方式狀語從句中常用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過去時(shí)；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。 根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1. It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ________ (do)it？(2024重慶) 2．Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he _________(do) something instead of just talking.(2024遼寧) 3．Don't handle the vase as if it _________ (make) of steel.(2024北京) 4．Who does that shop assistant think he is？He behaves as if he__________ (own) the grocery. 5．—It's raining hard and we can't go picnicking today. —If only the weather______(be) fine! 【答案】1.had done 2.did/should do 3.were made
4．owned 5.were 專題九 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣 一、常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法 1．can，could的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 can/ could 表能力 can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，could表示過去的能力。 表請求 could不表示過去，只表示語氣的委婉、客氣，但回答時(shí)必須用can。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 can/ could 表可能性 (1)一般用在否定句及疑問句中，could可用于肯定句； (2)用于肯定句，表示理論上的可能性或一時(shí)的情況；常譯為“有時(shí)會(huì)”。 表情感 用于否定句、疑問句和感嘆句中，表驚奇、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。 固定句型 cannot…too/enough表示“無論……也不過分；越……越好”； cannot but do sth.表示“只能，不得不”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 易錯(cuò) 點(diǎn)津 (1)表示能力時(shí)，can與be able to意義相同，但是can僅用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)及一般過去時(shí)(could)，be able to可用于更多時(shí)態(tài)； (2)過去形式的could與was/were able to相比，could僅說明具備某種能力，而was/were able to則側(cè)重通過某種努力已經(jīng)達(dá)到某種結(jié)果，常譯為“成功做到了”。
2.may，might的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 may/ might 表請求、允許 might不表示過去，僅表示語氣更加委婉、客氣。 表可能性 表示把握性不大的推測，不用于疑問句中；might表示的可能性比may更小。 情態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 用法 may/ might 表祝愿 表示祝愿時(shí)將may放在句首，其后的句子要用動(dòng)詞原形。 固定 用法 may/might as well do sth.是其常見的固定用法，意為“不妨做某事；還是做某事為好”。 3.will，would的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 will/ would 用于第二人稱作主語的疑問句，表示請求、建議等。 表示意志、決心或愿望。 表示客觀上的習(xí)慣，will表示現(xiàn)在，would表示過去。 表示推測或猜想。 表示按規(guī)律“注定會(huì)”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 would表示過去的習(xí)慣時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作，而且不與現(xiàn)在作對比；used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而且與現(xiàn)在作對比，說明現(xiàn)在這種動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)不存在。 4.should，shall，ought to的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 shall 用在第一、三人稱的疑問句中，表示征求對方的意見或請示。 用于第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話者的命令、警告、許諾、威脅等語氣；此外，用于法律、規(guī)定時(shí)用shall。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 should 表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任、勸告或建議，意為“應(yīng)該”，與ought to基本相同；should表示主觀，ought to表示客觀。 用于表示預(yù)測，意為“應(yīng)該會(huì)；按理說；想必會(huì)”。 用在表示感情或意志等的that從句中，意為“竟然……；居然……”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 ought to 表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”，語氣比should強(qiáng)。 表示“推測”，常用于肯定句、否定句中。 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 ought to表推測時(shí)，語氣要比must輕，表示并非十分肯定，而must則表示十分肯定。
5.must，have to的用法 情態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 用法 must must表示非常有把握的推測，僅用于肯定句。 表示“必須；應(yīng)該”。 表示說話者的感情色彩，暗含不耐煩或與自己的愿望相反，意為“偏要；非要”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 have to 意為“必須；不得不”時(shí)，意義與must相近，但must表示說話人的主觀看法；而have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 (1)在回答must的問句時(shí)，否定回答通常用needn't或don't have to;
(2)mustn't表示“禁止；不許”；而don't have to表示“不必”； (3)must只有一種形式，而have to有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)的變化。 6.need，dare的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 need 表示“需要、必要”之意，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，僅用于否定句和疑問句中，且只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其他時(shí)態(tài)常用have to的相應(yīng)形式代替。 若用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其變化與一般動(dòng)詞相同，后面可以接“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”作賓語。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 dare 表示“敢，敢于”之意，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，一般不用于肯定句中。 用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其變化形式與一般動(dòng)詞相同，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式，在否定句和疑問句中，dare后面既可接帶to的不定式，也可接不帶to的不定式。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 易錯(cuò) 點(diǎn)津 (1)dare用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有dare，dared兩種形式； (2)dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接不定式，不定式符號to可省去，但dare以分詞形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，不定式符號to不能省略。 根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞完成下面的句子 1. —Can't you stay a little longer? —It's getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.(2024北京) 2．You _________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.(2024陜西) 3．You _________ be careful with the camera.It costs！(2024四川) 4. It was so noisy that we ________ hear ourselves speak.(2024浙江) 5．You ________be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.(2024重慶) 6．It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.(2024江蘇) 7．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.(2024四川) 8. I've ordered some pizza, so we________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.(2024重慶) 9．One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.
10．I________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 【答案】1.must 2.may/might 3.must 4.couldn't 5．must 6.should 7.would 8.needn't 9．shall 10.can't
二、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”的?？加梅?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done 用法 must have done sth. 一定做過某事，其否定形式為can't/couldn't have done。 can/could have done sth. 1.本來能夠做但卻未做；2.可能做過某事。 can't/couldn't have done sth. 不可能做過某事。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done 用法 may/might have done sth. 或許/可能做過某事。 should/ought to have done sth. 本該做但卻未做某事，其否定形式表示本不該做但卻做了。 needn't have done sth. 做了本沒有必要做的某事。 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下面的句子 1. I ___________(本沒必要擔(dān)心) before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(2024天津) 2．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. —Oh, it's too bad.You _______(本應(yīng)做) full preparations.(2024福建) 3. I ______________(不可能玩) myself more—it was a perfect day.(2024浙江) 4. Since nobody gave him any help, he ____________ (一定做)the research on his own.(2024課標(biāo)Ⅱ) 5. —Why are your eyes so red? You ______________(不可能睡好) last night. —Yeah. I stayed up late writing a report.(2024四川)
【答案】1.needn't have worried 2.should have made 3．couldn't have enjoyed 4.must have done 5．could't have slept well 一、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)性條件句中的用法 虛擬語氣 時(shí)間 虛擬條件從句 主句 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí) 相反的假設(shè) If＋主語＋動(dòng)詞的過去式(be動(dòng)詞用were)。 主語＋should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。 與過去事實(shí) 相反的假設(shè) If＋主語＋had＋過去分詞。 主語＋should/would/could/might＋have＋過去分詞。 時(shí)間 虛擬條件從句 主句 與將來事實(shí) 相反的假設(shè) 1.If＋主語＋動(dòng)詞的過去式。 2．If＋主語＋were to＋動(dòng)詞原形。 3．If＋主語＋should＋動(dòng)詞原形。 主語＋should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。 時(shí)間 虛擬條件從句 主句 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 (1)在虛擬語氣的從句中，動(dòng)詞be的過去時(shí)態(tài)一律用were，不用was，即從句中的be用were代替； (2)當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整； (3)在虛擬條件狀語從句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。 根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1．If I _________(not see) it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.(2024北京) 2．It might have saved me some trouble _________(I know) the schedule.(2024江蘇) 3．We ________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.(2024北京) 4．Had he caught the morning train, he __________________ (not be) late for the meeting.(2024天津) 5．If Mr.Dewey ________ (be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.(2024湖南) 【答案】1.hadn't seen 2.had I known 3.would be 4．would not have been 5.had been 二、wish與would rather賓語從句的虛擬語氣 wish與would rather賓語從句的虛擬語氣。 時(shí)間 would rather wish 過去 主語＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞。 現(xiàn)在 主語＋動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)。 將來 主語＋動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)。 主語＋would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。
根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1．I wish I _________(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2024天津) 2．Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I__________(dance) as well as her.(2024陜西)
3．We would rather our daughter ________(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.(2024陜西) 【答案】1.had been 2.danced 3.stayed 三、(should＋) do …結(jié)構(gòu)的虛擬語氣 1．用于表示建議、愿望、命令等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中 動(dòng)詞demand, order, require, insist, suggest, propose, advise, request, urge, command, prefer, desire, recommend等的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。
2．用于主語從句中 在It is desired/suggested/proposed/ recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essential＋ that從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 3．用于表語從句和同位語從句中 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，其構(gòu)成是“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 He recommended that the task should be finished tomorrow.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津】 當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“堅(jiān)持說”之意時(shí)，suggest/insist后的賓語從句不使用虛擬語氣，應(yīng)使用陳述語氣。
根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1．My mom suggests that we ________(eat) out for a change this weekend.(2024陜西) 2．Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam _________(be) at the age of six months old.(2024浙江) 3．The order came that the medical supplies_______ (send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon. 4．The expression on his face suggested that he ______(be) ill, and it was suggested that he ____________(send) to the hospital right now. 5．He insisted that he _______(not break) the law and he insisted that he __________(set) free right now.
【答案】1.(should) eat 2.(should) be 3．(should) be sent 4.was; (should) be sent 5．had not broken; should be set
四、含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣 有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示，而是由otherwise, but, or, without, but for (要不是；如果沒有)等來引導(dǎo)或者通過上下文引出。 根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1. It is lucky we booked a room, or we _________(have) nowhere to stay now.(2024安徽) 2. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________(not write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2024重慶) 3．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________ (come)to our help.(2024浙江) 4．We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we________ (visit) more places of interest yesterday.(2024福建) 5．We________(put)John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
【答案】1.would have 2.wouldn't have written 3．would have come 4.would have visited 5．would/could/might have put
五、其他句型中的虛擬語氣 1．在“It is (about/high) time＋that從句”中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用過去式或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。 2．在if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語氣表示愿望。 3．a(chǎn)s if, as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句和方式狀語從句中常用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過去時(shí)；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。 根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1. It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ________ (do)it？(2024重慶) 2．Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he _________(do) something instead of just talking.(2024遼寧) 3．Don't handle the vase as if it _________ (make) of steel.(2024北京) 4．Who does that shop assistant think he is？He behaves as if he__________ (own) the grocery. 5．—It's raining hard and we can't go picnicking today. —If only the weather______(be) fine! 【答案】1.had done 2.did/should do 3.were made
4．owned 5.were 專題九 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣 一、常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法 1．can，could的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 can/ could 表能力 can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，could表示過去的能力。 表請求 could不表示過去，只表示語氣的委婉、客氣，但回答時(shí)必須用can。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 can/ could 表可能性 (1)一般用在否定句及疑問句中，could可用于肯定句； (2)用于肯定句，表示理論上的可能性或一時(shí)的情況；常譯為“有時(shí)會(huì)”。 表情感 用于否定句、疑問句和感嘆句中，表驚奇、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。 固定句型 cannot…too/enough表示“無論……也不過分；越……越好”； cannot but do sth.表示“只能，不得不”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 易錯(cuò) 點(diǎn)津 (1)表示能力時(shí)，can與be able to意義相同，但是can僅用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)及一般過去時(shí)(could)，be able to可用于更多時(shí)態(tài)； (2)過去形式的could與was/were able to相比，could僅說明具備某種能力，而was/were able to則側(cè)重通過某種努力已經(jīng)達(dá)到某種結(jié)果，常譯為“成功做到了”。
2.may，might的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 may/ might 表請求、允許 might不表示過去，僅表示語氣更加委婉、客氣。 表可能性 表示把握性不大的推測，不用于疑問句中；might表示的可能性比may更小。 情態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 用法 may/ might 表祝愿 表示祝愿時(shí)將may放在句首，其后的句子要用動(dòng)詞原形。 固定 用法 may/might as well do sth.是其常見的固定用法，意為“不妨做某事；還是做某事為好”。 3.will，would的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 will/ would 用于第二人稱作主語的疑問句，表示請求、建議等。 表示意志、決心或愿望。 表示客觀上的習(xí)慣，will表示現(xiàn)在，would表示過去。 表示推測或猜想。 表示按規(guī)律“注定會(huì)”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 would表示過去的習(xí)慣時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作，而且不與現(xiàn)在作對比；used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而且與現(xiàn)在作對比，說明現(xiàn)在這種動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)不存在。 4.should，shall，ought to的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 shall 用在第一、三人稱的疑問句中，表示征求對方的意見或請示。 用于第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話者的命令、警告、許諾、威脅等語氣；此外，用于法律、規(guī)定時(shí)用shall。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 should 表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任、勸告或建議，意為“應(yīng)該”，與ought to基本相同；should表示主觀，ought to表示客觀。 用于表示預(yù)測，意為“應(yīng)該會(huì)；按理說；想必會(huì)”。 用在表示感情或意志等的that從句中，意為“竟然……；居然……”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 ought to 表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”，語氣比should強(qiáng)。 表示“推測”，常用于肯定句、否定句中。 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 ought to表推測時(shí)，語氣要比must輕，表示并非十分肯定，而must則表示十分肯定。
5.must，have to的用法 情態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 用法 must must表示非常有把握的推測，僅用于肯定句。 表示“必須；應(yīng)該”。 表示說話者的感情色彩，暗含不耐煩或與自己的愿望相反，意為“偏要；非要”。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 have to 意為“必須；不得不”時(shí)，意義與must相近，但must表示說話人的主觀看法；而have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 (1)在回答must的問句時(shí)，否定回答通常用needn't或don't have to;
(2)mustn't表示“禁止；不許”；而don't have to表示“不必”； (3)must只有一種形式，而have to有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)的變化。 6.need，dare的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 need 表示“需要、必要”之意，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，僅用于否定句和疑問句中，且只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其他時(shí)態(tài)常用have to的相應(yīng)形式代替。 若用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其變化與一般動(dòng)詞相同，后面可以接“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”作賓語。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 dare 表示“敢，敢于”之意，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，一般不用于肯定句中。 用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其變化形式與一般動(dòng)詞相同，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式，在否定句和疑問句中，dare后面既可接帶to的不定式，也可接不帶to的不定式。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 用法 易錯(cuò) 點(diǎn)津 (1)dare用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有dare，dared兩種形式； (2)dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接不定式，不定式符號to可省去，但dare以分詞形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，不定式符號to不能省略。 根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞完成下面的句子 1. —Can't you stay a little longer? —It's getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.(2024北京) 2．You _________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.(2024陜西) 3．You _________ be careful with the camera.It costs！(2024四川) 4. It was so noisy that we ________ hear ourselves speak.(2024浙江) 5．You ________be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.(2024重慶) 6．It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.(2024江蘇) 7．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.(2024四川) 8. I've ordered some pizza, so we________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.(2024重慶) 9．One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.
10．I________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 【答案】1.must 2.may/might 3.must 4.couldn't 5．must 6.should 7.would 8.needn't 9．shall 10.can't
二、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”的?？加梅?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done 用法 must have done sth. 一定做過某事，其否定形式為can't/couldn't have done。 can/could have done sth. 1.本來能夠做但卻未做；2.可能做過某事。 can't/couldn't have done sth. 不可能做過某事。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done 用法 may/might have done sth. 或許/可能做過某事。 should/ought to have done sth. 本該做但卻未做某事，其否定形式表示本不該做但卻做了。 needn't have done sth. 做了本沒有必要做的某事。 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下面的句子 1. I ___________(本沒必要擔(dān)心) before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(2024天津) 2．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. —Oh, it's too bad.You _______(本應(yīng)做) full preparations.(2024福建) 3. I ______________(不可能玩) myself more—it was a perfect day.(2024浙江) 4. Since nobody gave him any help, he ____________ (一定做)the research on his own.(2024課標(biāo)Ⅱ) 5. —Why are your eyes so red? You ______________(不可能睡好) last night. —Yeah. I stayed up late writing a report.(2024四川)
【答案】1.needn't have worried 2.should have made 3．couldn't have enjoyed 4.must have done 5．could't have slept well 一、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)性條件句中的用法 虛擬語氣 時(shí)間 虛擬條件從句 主句 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí) 相反的假設(shè) If＋主語＋動(dòng)詞的過去式(be動(dòng)詞用were)。 主語＋should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。 與過去事實(shí) 相反的假設(shè) If＋主語＋had＋過去分詞。 主語＋should/would/could/might＋have＋過去分詞。 時(shí)間 虛擬條件從句 主句 與將來事實(shí) 相反的假設(shè) 1.If＋主語＋動(dòng)詞的過去式。 2．If＋主語＋were to＋動(dòng)詞原形。 3．If＋主語＋should＋動(dòng)詞原形。 主語＋should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。 時(shí)間 虛擬條件從句 主句 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津 (1)在虛擬語氣的從句中，動(dòng)詞be的過去時(shí)態(tài)一律用were，不用was，即從句中的be用were代替； (2)當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整； (3)在虛擬條件狀語從句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。 根據(jù)括號中的動(dòng)詞提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣完成下面的句子 1．If I _________(not see) it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.(2024北京) 2．It might have saved me some trouble _________(I know) the schedule.(2024江蘇) 3．We ________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.(2024北京) 4．Had he caught the morning train, he __________________ (not be) late for the meeting.(2024天津) 5．If Mr.Dewey ________ (be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.(2024湖南) 【答案】1.hadn't seen 2.had I known 3.would be 4．would not have been 5.had been 二、wish與would rather賓語從句的虛擬語氣 wish與would rather賓語從句的虛擬語氣。 時(shí)間 would rather wish 過去 主語＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞。 現(xiàn)在 主語＋動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)。 將來 主語＋動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)。 主語＋would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。
