高三英語(yǔ)備考總復(fù)習(xí)課件人教版：專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法4-形容詞和副詞 102張
必 修 2
Units 3～
專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法四 形容詞和副詞
要點(diǎn)精析
一、形容詞、副詞的特殊用法
1．多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的排列順序
限定詞(these, those...)＋描繪性形容詞(表示人們觀點(diǎn)的形容詞，如beautiful, bad, cold等)＋表示大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低的形容詞＋表示形狀的形容詞(如round, square等)＋表示年齡、新舊的形容詞＋表示顏色的形容詞＋表示國(guó)籍或地區(qū)的形容詞＋表示材料的形容詞(如wooden)＋表示用途、類別的形容詞＋被修飾的名詞。
a beautiful old brown French handmade desk 一張漂亮的褐色法國(guó)手工制作的舊桌子
all these last few days 最近的這些日子
a light blue silk skirt 一件淺藍(lán)色絲裙
another three English books 另外三本英語(yǔ)書(shū)
some beautiful little red flowers 一些美麗的小紅花
a beautiful white Japanese military jeep 一輛漂亮的白色的日本軍用吉普車
the first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge 第一座美麗的中國(guó)小白木橋
例 (2010·撫州一中測(cè)試)It is said that the________building was designed by a famous Frenchman, who has thousands of excellent works all over the world.
A．red stone beautiful
B．stone beautiful red
C．beautiful stone red
D．beautiful red stone
解析：本題考查形容詞排序。冠詞、數(shù)詞排最前，接下來(lái)是主觀性的形容詞，最靠近被修飾的名詞的是表客觀性的形容詞，如顏色、國(guó)籍和材料等。
答案：D
2．形容詞作狀語(yǔ)
形容詞作狀語(yǔ)表示伴隨或結(jié)果，并不表達(dá)動(dòng)作的方式。
He went to bed, cold and hungry.
他又冷又餓地去睡覺(jué)了。
He lay in bed, wide awake.
他躺在床上醒著。
He is standing there, full of fear.
他非常擔(dān)心地站在那里。
3．can not/never與enough或too連用表示“無(wú)論怎樣都不過(guò)分；越……越好”。
You can not be careful enough/too careful to study.
在學(xué)習(xí)方面，你再細(xì)心也不過(guò)分。
—Mary, look, what did I find?
瑪麗，你看，我找到什么了？
—Oh, my lost key? I can't thank you too much.(＝I can't thank you much enough.)
噢，我丟失的鑰匙？太感謝你了。
例 (2010·金華調(diào)研)—I always look out when crossing the street.
—You're right. You cannot be too________.
A．nervous B．careful
C．hurried
D．careless
解析：考查雙重否定的用法。You can't be too careful.你怎么小心也不為過(guò)。can't是否定，too＋adj./adv.也有否定意義，所以用雙重否定表肯定。
答案：B
4．熟記下列幾句有關(guān)形容詞、副詞的固定搭配
He's dead/blind drunk.(＝very drunk)
他喝得酩酊大醉。
He's wide awake.
他完全沒(méi)有睡意。
It's raining/snowing heavily.
雨/雪下得很大。
He's sound asleep.
他睡得很沉。
He's moving/breathing/drinking/smoking heavily.
他吃力地移動(dòng)/喘著粗氣/酒喝得多/煙抽得多。
The traffic/His moustache is heavy.
交通擁擠/他的胡子濃密。
5．意義有別的同根副詞
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Deep in thought, he didn't notice me.
陷入沉思中，他沒(méi)注意到我。
He was deeply moved by the moving story.
他被這個(gè)感人的故事深深地感動(dòng)了。
二、形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法
1．表示倍數(shù)的三種句型
(1)．..times as＋原級(jí)＋as...
He can run three times as fast as John.
他跑得有約翰的三倍快。
(2)．..times the size/length/width/height etc.＋of...
This table is three times the size of that one.
這張桌子是那張的三倍長(zhǎng)。
(3)．..times＋比較級(jí)＋than...
This table is three times bigger than that one.
這張桌子比那張大三倍。
例 (2011·陜西，17)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be________the present one.
A. as three times big as
B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times
D. as big three times as
解析：考查倍數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：為下一屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)興建中的新的體育館將會(huì)是現(xiàn)有的三倍大。根據(jù)倍數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)“倍數(shù)＋as 形容詞原級(jí)as /倍數(shù)＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋than”可知B項(xiàng)正確。
答案：B
2．同等程度的比較
用as...as, the same...as..., such...as引導(dǎo)
He is a worker as good as Peter.(＝He is as good a worker as Peter.)
他和彼得一樣是個(gè)好工人。
Linda is the same height as Jenny.
琳達(dá)和詹妮一樣高。
Henry is such a good student as Peter.
亨利和彼得一樣是個(gè)好學(xué)生。
3．與比較級(jí)有關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)及運(yùn)用比較級(jí)的注意事項(xiàng)
(1)“比較級(jí)＋than”表達(dá)一方超過(guò)或低于另一方的情況
You look much younger than I do.
你看上去比我年輕多了。
She doesn't work harder than you(do)．
她工作不如你努力。
(2)“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”意為“越來(lái)越……”
As summer is coming, the day is becoming longer and longer.
隨著夏天的臨近，白天變得越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。
(3)“the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..”意為“越……就越……”
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.
你越仔細(xì)，犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少。
例 (2010·西城抽樣)In some people's opinions, the________ powerful the country becomes, the________pleasant it is to live in.
A．most; fewer
B．more; fewer
C．more; less
D．most; less
解析：考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。該句其實(shí)是“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：在一些人看來(lái)，國(guó)家變得越強(qiáng)大，住在里面越不舒服。因此答案為C。
答案：C
(4)“the＋比較級(jí)＋of the two＋名詞”表示“兩者中較……的那個(gè)”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
那兩個(gè)男孩中高點(diǎn)的是我弟弟。
(5)使用比較級(jí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題
?、俦容^的范圍
如果比較的范圍不一樣，表達(dá)方式也應(yīng)不同。
China is larger than any other country in Asia.(比較的范圍一致)
China is larger than any country in Africa.(比較的范圍不一致)
?、诒容^的對(duì)象要一致
相同的對(duì)象可以比較，不同的對(duì)象不能進(jìn)行比較
The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.(人口與人口相比，要用代詞that)
?、圩⒁獗容^結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象
由于日常交際的需要，在彼此都明白的情況下，比較對(duì)象往往省略
—What do you think of the film?
—I have never seen a better one.(后邊省略了than this film)
Tom's composition, if not better(后邊省略了than Jack's), is at least as good as Jack's.
三、形容詞、副詞最高級(jí)的用法
1．most前如沒(méi)有定冠詞the，就沒(méi)有比較的意思，只是用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，有“很，非?！敝?。
This is a most interesting story.
這是一個(gè)很有趣的故事。
2．最高級(jí)可被序數(shù)詞以及much ，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等詞語(yǔ)所修飾。
Of all the students, Jack's oral English is almost the best.
在所有的學(xué)生中，杰克的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)幾乎是最好的。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當(dāng)中最長(zhǎng)的橋。
I'd like to buy the second most expensive camera.
我想買(mǎi)僅次于最貴的照相機(jī)。
3．否定＋比較級(jí)＝最高級(jí)
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛(ài)是最偉大的愛(ài)。
He has never spent a more worrying day.
他過(guò)了最擔(dān)心的一天。
例 (2011·全國(guó)Ⅱ，17)Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a________boss.
A. better
B. good
C. best
D. still better
解析：句意：為史蒂文森先生工作非常好——我實(shí)在不能找到一位比他更好的老板了。比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表示最高級(jí)含義。
答案：A
運(yùn)用提升
1．(2011·全國(guó)Ⅱ，12)It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is________another to play it well yourself.
A．quite
B．very
C．rather
D．much
答案：A 句意：喜歡聽(tīng)好的音樂(lè)是一回事，但是你能自己演奏好完全是另一回事。quite“完全，十分”；very“非?！?；rather“相當(dāng)”；much“很，非?！?。
2．(2011·天津，9)The young man couldn't afford a new car. ______， he bought a used one.
A．Besides
B．Otherwise
C．Instead
D．Still
答案：C 本題考查副詞詞義辨析。besides“另外；除……之外”；otherwise“否則；要不然”；instead“代替；反而”；still“仍然；還”。由couldn't afford a new car 及bought a used one可知C項(xiàng)符合句意及結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：那個(gè)年輕人買(mǎi)不起一輛新車而是買(mǎi)了一輛二手車。
3．(2011·江西，24)—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.
—Why? It's ________ than the films I have ever seen.
A．far more interesting
B．much less interesting
C．no more interesting
D．a(chǎn)ny less interesting
答案：A 本題考查形容詞比較級(jí)的用法。句意：——我不得不說(shuō)這部影片一點(diǎn)也不有趣?！獮槭裁茨兀克任以?jīng)看過(guò)的電影都有趣。由答語(yǔ)Why可知，對(duì)方并不同意上一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)，即他認(rèn)為很有趣，故選A項(xiàng)，其它選項(xiàng)均表示認(rèn)為這部電影沒(méi)有趣。
4．(2011·江西，27)The house was too expensive and too big. ________， I'd grown fond of our little rented house.
A．Besides
B．Therefore
C．Somehow
D．Otherwise
答案：A 本題考查副詞的辨析。句意：那座房子太貴太大了。除此之外，我早已經(jīng)喜歡上我們租的小房子了。besides“除此之外，除了”；therefore“因此”；somehow“不知怎么的”；otherwise“否則的話”。
5．(2011·浙江，13)I've been writing this report ________ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
A．finally
B．immediately
C．occasionally
D．certainly
答案：C 考查副詞辨析。句意：前兩周以來(lái)我只是偶爾寫(xiě)寫(xiě)這份報(bào)告，但是明天就得上交了。finally“最終，終于”；immediately“立刻，馬上”；occasionally“偶爾”；certainly“當(dāng)然”。C項(xiàng)符合題意。
6．(2011·安徽，31)________， I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
A．Hopefully
B．Normally
C．Thankfully
D．Conveniently
答案：C 考查副詞用法。句意：謝天謝地，我最終通過(guò)了競(jìng)賽，所付出的努力都是值得的。hopefully“有希望地”；normally“正常地”；thankfully“感激地”；conveniently“方便地”。
7．(2011·湖北，25)The state-run company is required to make its accounts as ________ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.
A．transparent
B．reasonable
C．secure
D．formal
答案：A 本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：國(guó)有公司被要求使賬目盡可能透明，以便公司職工監(jiān)督錢(qián)的使用。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中monitor“監(jiān)管，監(jiān)督”一詞，可以確定賬目要讓職工了解，清楚，自然就是透明，而transparent“透明的”；reasonable“合理的”；secure“安全的”；formal“正式的”。
8．(2011·海淀期中，23)Alice Lillian Ellis, born on September 11,1907 in Boston, was ________ of nine children.
A．the third oldest
B．the third old
C．the third older
D．the oldest third
答案：A 句意：1907年9月11日出生在波士頓的Alice Lillian Ellis在家里的九個(gè)孩子中排行老三。考查形容詞最高級(jí)的衍生形式。最大的“the oldest”，最大者中排行第三的“the third oldest”，故選A。類似的用法有：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國(guó)的第二長(zhǎng)河。
9．(2011·天津十二區(qū)縣聯(lián)考一，9)The six old experts were ________ about Professor Lee's academic findings and reported him to the authority.
A．skeptical
B．curious
C．capable
D．a(chǎn)ware
答案：A 句意：那六位老專家懷疑Lee教授的學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)并向權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)舉報(bào)。skeptical“懷疑的”，be skeptical about “對(duì)……懷疑”。be curious about “對(duì)……好奇”；capable “能干的”，be capable of (doing) sth.“有做某事所必要的能力或力量”；aware“知道的，注意到的”，be aware of/that“對(duì)某人/某事物知道、明白、覺(jué)察到、意識(shí)到”；aware of the risk, danger, threat, etc.覺(jué)察到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、危險(xiǎn)、威脅等。
10．(2011·東北三省四市聯(lián)考，23)Trees are good for man. We can't plant them ________ many.
A．so
B．such
C．too
D．enough
答案：C 句意：樹(shù)對(duì)人類有益，我們無(wú)論種多少都不為過(guò)。考查學(xué)生對(duì)題干的理解和對(duì)can't/cannot/couldn't...too句式用法掌握情況。can't/cannot/couldn't...too...為固定搭配，意為“越……越好”。又因tree為可數(shù)名詞，所以用too many。
11．(2011·東北三校二模，26)One should accomplish tasks ________ instead of always turning to others for help.
A．a(chǎn)ctively
B．independently
C．skillfully
D．voluntarily
答案：B 句意：一個(gè)人應(yīng)該獨(dú)立完成任務(wù)而不是總是向別人尋求幫助?？疾楦痹~。由后句句意“……向別人尋求幫助”可知此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“獨(dú)立地(independently)”。
