2024全國(guó)高考英語試題語法分類匯編:名詞性從句(精校附解析)
2024年高考全國(guó)英語試題語法分類匯編之名詞性從句
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【2024陜西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ______ suits you best.
A whatever
B. whichever
C. whenever
D. wherever
A13[2024陜西卷]【答案與解析】B 考查名詞性從句。所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句做動(dòng)詞choose的賓語,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做主語,意思是:無論哪件,選B。其余選項(xiàng)與句意不符。
【2024北京卷】24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.
A. why
B. how
C. that
D. whether
24. C。從句考查,賓語從句不缺少成分用that引導(dǎo)。
【2024江西卷】25.It suddenly occurred to him
he had left his keys in the office.
A.whether B.where C.which D.that
25答案:D考點(diǎn):考察名詞性從句當(dāng)中的主語從句。
解析:it作形式主語,真正的主語為that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中無意義,并不充當(dāng)任何成分。
[2024湖南高考真題26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ____ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A. why B. how C. whether D. when
[2024湖南高考真題26]||C||本題是一形式主語句型,考查名詞性從句引導(dǎo)的用法。根據(jù)空后的or可知為whether … or短語。復(fù)合句 名詞性從句 主語從句 形式主語 引導(dǎo)詞whether
. Evdence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up.
A. why
B. how
C. whether
D. that
34.【考點(diǎn)】名詞性從句
【答案】D
【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空白處后面為句子主語“Evidence”的同位語從句,在這一從句中,句意完整,不缺少成分,應(yīng)該使用“that”作為引導(dǎo)詞。因此,正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。
1.同位語從句的功能
同位語從句對(duì)名詞進(jìn)一步解釋,說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容,一般由that引導(dǎo)。如:
The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
國(guó)王作出的這名囚犯釋放的決定讓人們大吃一驚。
2.同位語在句子中的位置
同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面,而是被別的詞隔開。如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
他從瑪麗那里得知運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)要延期舉行。
3.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別
1)定語從句中的that既代替先行詞,同時(shí)在從句中作某個(gè)成分(主語或賓語),而同位語從句中的that是連詞,只起連接主句與從句的作用,不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。
2)定語從句是形容詞性的,其功能是修飾先行詞,對(duì)先行詞加以限定,描述它的性質(zhì)或特征;同位語從句是名詞性的,其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。如:
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。(第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句,that在從句中作賓語)
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.
湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。(同位語從句,that在句中不作任何成分)
(2011·天津)Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where)]
點(diǎn)撥. C。題意:抽煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致多種疾病,對(duì)此現(xiàn)代科學(xué)已經(jīng)給出了明確的證據(jù)。本題考查名詞性從句(同位語從句)。evidence后的從句說明的是其具體內(nèi)容,從句中不缺少句子成分,故用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 其他三項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)同位語從句都要在從句中作成分。
【難度】一般
【2024安徽卷】27.The limits of a person’s intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but
he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A. where
B. whether
C.
that
D.
why
首先把插入語generally speaking刪掉,選擇B.本題考查名詞性從句,but whether he reaches these limits 【作為句子主語】will depend on his environment.
24. It is by no means clear
the president can do to end the strike.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. what
【答案 【解析What作do的賓語。句意:總統(tǒng)采取什么行動(dòng)結(jié)束這次罷工一點(diǎn)也不清楚。
【考點(diǎn)定位】考查主語從句的連接詞。
【2024山東卷】25. It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A. how
B. whether
C. what
D. why
25.【答案解析it是形式主語,后面whether...or…引導(dǎo)的主語從句是真正的主語,whether...or…意為:是…還是…都行。句意:在這個(gè)商店中用現(xiàn)金或信用卡支付都可以。
【考點(diǎn)定位】考查主語從句的連接詞。
【2024福建卷】35. We promise
attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A. who B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
【考點(diǎn)】本句考查連詞的辨析
【答案】C
【解析】首先本句考查的關(guān)鍵短語是promise sb sth“向某人承諾某事“本句指的是向參加聚會(huì)的人提供一個(gè)和電影明星合影的機(jī)會(huì),不定式做chance的定語,然后就是參加聚會(huì)的任何人whoever=anyone who,這樣句子就很清晰了,所以劃分句子成分非常關(guān)鍵,以前考察whoever都是做狀語,而本題考查的是作promise的賓語,挺新穎的。
【難度】難度大
2024年高考全國(guó)英語試題語法分類匯編之名詞性從句
(精校附解析)
【2024陜西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ______ suits you best.
A whatever
B. whichever
C. whenever
D. wherever
A13[2024陜西卷]【答案與解析】B 考查名詞性從句。所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句做動(dòng)詞choose的賓語,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做主語,意思是:無論哪件,選B。其余選項(xiàng)與句意不符。
【2024北京卷】24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.
A. why
B. how
C. that
D. whether
24. C。從句考查,賓語從句不缺少成分用that引導(dǎo)。
【2024江西卷】25.It suddenly occurred to him
he had left his keys in the office.
A.whether B.where C.which D.that
25答案:D考點(diǎn):考察名詞性從句當(dāng)中的主語從句。
解析:it作形式主語,真正的主語為that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中無意義,并不充當(dāng)任何成分。
[2024湖南高考真題26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ____ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A. why B. how C. whether D. when
[2024湖南高考真題26]||C||本題是一形式主語句型,考查名詞性從句引導(dǎo)的用法。根據(jù)空后的or可知為whether … or短語。復(fù)合句 名詞性從句 主語從句 形式主語 引導(dǎo)詞whether
. Evdence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up.
A. why
B. how
C. whether
D. that
34.【考點(diǎn)】名詞性從句
【答案】D
【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空白處后面為句子主語“Evidence”的同位語從句,在這一從句中,句意完整,不缺少成分,應(yīng)該使用“that”作為引導(dǎo)詞。因此,正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。
1.同位語從句的功能
同位語從句對(duì)名詞進(jìn)一步解釋,說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容,一般由that引導(dǎo)。如:
The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
國(guó)王作出的這名囚犯釋放的決定讓人們大吃一驚。
2.同位語在句子中的位置
同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面,而是被別的詞隔開。如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
他從瑪麗那里得知運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)要延期舉行。
3.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別
1)定語從句中的that既代替先行詞,同時(shí)在從句中作某個(gè)成分(主語或賓語),而同位語從句中的that是連詞,只起連接主句與從句的作用,不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。
2)定語從句是形容詞性的,其功能是修飾先行詞,對(duì)先行詞加以限定,描述它的性質(zhì)或特征;同位語從句是名詞性的,其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。如:
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。(第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句,that在從句中作賓語)
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.
湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。(同位語從句,that在句中不作任何成分)
(2011·天津)Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where)]
點(diǎn)撥. C。題意:抽煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致多種疾病,對(duì)此現(xiàn)代科學(xué)已經(jīng)給出了明確的證據(jù)。本題考查名詞性從句(同位語從句)。evidence后的從句說明的是其具體內(nèi)容,從句中不缺少句子成分,故用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 其他三項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)同位語從句都要在從句中作成分。
【難度】一般
【2024安徽卷】27.The limits of a person’s intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but
he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A. where
B. whether
C.
that
D.
why
首先把插入語generally speaking刪掉,選擇B.本題考查名詞性從句,but whether he reaches these limits 【作為句子主語】will depend on his environment.
24. It is by no means clear
the president can do to end the strike.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. what
【答案 【解析What作do的賓語。句意:總統(tǒng)采取什么行動(dòng)結(jié)束這次罷工一點(diǎn)也不清楚。
【考點(diǎn)定位】考查主語從句的連接詞。
【2024山東卷】25. It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A. how
B. whether
C. what
D. why
25.【答案解析it是形式主語,后面whether...or…引導(dǎo)的主語從句是真正的主語,whether...or…意為:是…還是…都行。句意:在這個(gè)商店中用現(xiàn)金或信用卡支付都可以。
【考點(diǎn)定位】考查主語從句的連接詞。
【2024福建卷】35. We promise
attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A. who B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
【考點(diǎn)】本句考查連詞的辨析
【答案】C
【解析】首先本句考查的關(guān)鍵短語是promise sb sth“向某人承諾某事“本句指的是向參加聚會(huì)的人提供一個(gè)和電影明星合影的機(jī)會(huì),不定式做chance的定語,然后就是參加聚會(huì)的任何人whoever=anyone who,這樣句子就很清晰了,所以劃分句子成分非常關(guān)鍵,以前考察whoever都是做狀語,而本題考查的是作promise的賓語,挺新穎的。
【難度】難度大