高考英語(yǔ)同步練習(xí)《Unit 3 Science versus nature》專題語(yǔ)法攻略（十五） 定語(yǔ)從句 強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練 譯林版必修5
必修五
Unit 3 Science verwus nature
強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
[高考真題體驗(yàn)]
1.(2009·全國(guó)卷)She brought with her three friends，none ofI had ever met before.
A.them B.who
C.whom
D.these
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為her three friends，表示人的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)且位于介詞of之后，故用whom。
答案：C
2.(2009·全國(guó)卷)My friend showed me round the town，was very kind of him.
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.it
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。題干中的逗號(hào)之后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞which指代前句的內(nèi)容，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
答案：A
3.(2009·北京高考)—What do you think of teaching，Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a jobyou are doing something serious but interesting.
A.where
B.which
C.when
D.that
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。where you are doing something serious but interesting是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞job，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于in which。
答案：A
4.(2009·江蘇高考)Because of the financial crisis，days are gonelocal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A.if
B.when
C.which
D.since
解析：考查限制性定語(yǔ)從句。本題屬于分隔型定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)部分很短，謂語(yǔ)部分are gone被插入到先行詞days與定語(yǔ)從句之間。when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞days。
答案：B
5.(2009·天津高考)A persone-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A.who
B.whom
C.whose
D.whoever
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。a person為先行詞，空格處指代該詞且與定語(yǔ)從句中的e-mail account之間存在所屬關(guān)系，故用whose。
答案：C
[名校模擬檢測(cè)]
1.(2010·東北三省四市聯(lián)考)Dorothy was able to switch between German，Polish andRussian，all of she spoke fluently.
A.whom
B.that
C.which
D.them
解析：該題中German，Polish and Russian是先行詞，故用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
答案：C
2.(2010·遼寧大連第二十四中期末)We found some precious jars and vases in an ancient tomb， you know，are valuable.
A.even the pieces of which
B.which even pieces
C.even the pieces of it
D.whose even the pieces
解析：先行詞為jars and vases，從句表達(dá)“甚至它們的碎片也是很有價(jià)值的”。you know為插入語(yǔ)。D項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為“even whose pieces”。
答案：A
3.(2010·山東勝利油田一中模擬)Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives.
A.which；that
B.that；which
C.which；which
D.that；that
解析：第一個(gè)that是定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中人和物共同作先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that而不能用which；第二空的that是構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的連詞。
答案：D
4.(2010·安徽名校聯(lián)考一)is put in the report，the new machine will work twice as fast，thus reducing costs.
A.As
B.Which
C.That
D.What
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代后面的整個(gè)主句。句意：就像報(bào)告中說(shuō)的那樣，新機(jī)器工作起來(lái)將快兩倍，因此可以降低成本。
答案：A
5.(2010·湖南湘潭模擬)People living on this island depend on tourism， development there won't be much work.
A.without its
B.without whose
C.by which
D.without which
解析：句意：生活在這座島上的居民靠旅游業(yè)為生，沒(méi)有旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展就沒(méi)有很多的工作機(jī)會(huì)。tourism是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中development缺少定語(yǔ)，所以用whose引導(dǎo)。由題意可知，介詞要用without，表示條件。
答案：B
6.(2010·南京二調(diào))John， money is no problem，still leads a simple life.
A.for whose
B.of whose
C.of whom
D.for whom
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句?？梢园讯ㄕZ(yǔ)從句部分變化成“Money is no problem for John”，這樣便不難看出用介詞for＋關(guān)系代詞whom(指代John)來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
答案：D
7.(2010·溫州二模)I prefer a company people have to work as a team，instead of fighting against each other.
A.where
B.that
C.as
D.when
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。where在句中引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞company，并且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
答案：A
8.(2010·海南萬(wàn)寧期中)China has planned to build the world's largest national park， is expected to replace America's Yellowstone National Park.
A.which
B.where
C.what
D.as
解析：句意：中國(guó)計(jì)劃要建一個(gè)世界上最大的國(guó)家公園，預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)代替美國(guó)的黃石國(guó)家公園。which和as都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代表前面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，區(qū)別如下：which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般不放在句首，as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位置比較靈活，as翻譯為“正如……一樣”。但是，此題中先行詞并非整個(gè)主句，而是park，所以用which引導(dǎo)。what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
答案：A
9.(2010·山東煙臺(tái)檢測(cè))Most of the roads were covered with thick snow， made our journey more difficult.
A.one
B.it
C.which
D.that
解析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面的整個(gè)句子。
答案：C
10.(2010·福州教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.where
解析：關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞point，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。point意為“點(diǎn)”，后接定語(yǔ)從句where she needed to decide what to do表示“她需要決定做什么的地方”。that和which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
答案：D
11.(2010·浙江寧波質(zhì)檢)He paid the boy 10 for washing twenty windows，most of hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A.them
B.those
C.which
D.that
解析：根據(jù)句意，在介詞of后面，指物應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。
答案：C
12.(2010·安徽合肥質(zhì)檢)It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.
A.what；that
B.which；that
C.that；which
D.that；what
解析：這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語(yǔ)the training，而the training 后又接一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。答案：B
13.(2010·山東聊城一模)Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
A.he explained
B.what he explained
C.how he explained
D.why he explained
解析：reason是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以用that或which引導(dǎo)，或者省略關(guān)系代詞。
答案：A
14.(2010·江蘇常州高三模擬)He seemed to be looking for the words he could express his idea.
A.for which
B.with which
C.for that
D.with that
解析：句意：他似乎在尋找能表達(dá)他觀點(diǎn)的話語(yǔ)。express...with words，“用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)……”。
答案：B
15.(2010·江蘇徐州調(diào)研)Pointing to the house on roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was I would stay.
A.its；what
B.whose；what
C.whose；where
D.its；where
解析：句意：老人指著那座屋頂上長(zhǎng)著雜草的房子告訴我說(shuō)，那就是我要住的地方。該題中，house是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)倒裝句，正常的語(yǔ)序是：lots of bush grew on whose roof。roof前缺少定語(yǔ)，所以用whose引導(dǎo)；that was I would stay是told的賓語(yǔ)從句。該賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)是that， I would stay是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用where引導(dǎo)。
答案：C
必修五
Unit 3 Science verwus nature
強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
[高考真題體驗(yàn)]
1.(2009·全國(guó)卷)She brought with her three friends，none ofI had ever met before.
A.them B.who
C.whom
D.these
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為her three friends，表示人的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)且位于介詞of之后，故用whom。
答案：C
2.(2009·全國(guó)卷)My friend showed me round the town，was very kind of him.
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.it
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。題干中的逗號(hào)之后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞which指代前句的內(nèi)容，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
答案：A
3.(2009·北京高考)—What do you think of teaching，Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a jobyou are doing something serious but interesting.
A.where
B.which
C.when
D.that
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。where you are doing something serious but interesting是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞job，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于in which。
答案：A
4.(2009·江蘇高考)Because of the financial crisis，days are gonelocal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A.if
B.when
C.which
D.since
解析：考查限制性定語(yǔ)從句。本題屬于分隔型定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)部分很短，謂語(yǔ)部分are gone被插入到先行詞days與定語(yǔ)從句之間。when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞days。
答案：B
5.(2009·天津高考)A persone-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A.who
B.whom
C.whose
D.whoever
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。a person為先行詞，空格處指代該詞且與定語(yǔ)從句中的e-mail account之間存在所屬關(guān)系，故用whose。
答案：C
[名校模擬檢測(cè)]
1.(2010·東北三省四市聯(lián)考)Dorothy was able to switch between German，Polish andRussian，all of she spoke fluently.
A.whom
B.that
C.which
D.them
解析：該題中German，Polish and Russian是先行詞，故用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
答案：C
2.(2010·遼寧大連第二十四中期末)We found some precious jars and vases in an ancient tomb， you know，are valuable.
A.even the pieces of which
B.which even pieces
C.even the pieces of it
D.whose even the pieces
解析：先行詞為jars and vases，從句表達(dá)“甚至它們的碎片也是很有價(jià)值的”。you know為插入語(yǔ)。D項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為“even whose pieces”。
答案：A
3.(2010·山東勝利油田一中模擬)Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives.
A.which；that
B.that；which
C.which；which
D.that；that
解析：第一個(gè)that是定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中人和物共同作先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that而不能用which；第二空的that是構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的連詞。
答案：D
4.(2010·安徽名校聯(lián)考一)is put in the report，the new machine will work twice as fast，thus reducing costs.
A.As
B.Which
C.That
D.What
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代后面的整個(gè)主句。句意：就像報(bào)告中說(shuō)的那樣，新機(jī)器工作起來(lái)將快兩倍，因此可以降低成本。
答案：A
5.(2010·湖南湘潭模擬)People living on this island depend on tourism， development there won't be much work.
A.without its
B.without whose
C.by which
D.without which
解析：句意：生活在這座島上的居民靠旅游業(yè)為生，沒(méi)有旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展就沒(méi)有很多的工作機(jī)會(huì)。tourism是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中development缺少定語(yǔ)，所以用whose引導(dǎo)。由題意可知，介詞要用without，表示條件。
答案：B
6.(2010·南京二調(diào))John， money is no problem，still leads a simple life.
A.for whose
B.of whose
C.of whom
D.for whom
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句?？梢园讯ㄕZ(yǔ)從句部分變化成“Money is no problem for John”，這樣便不難看出用介詞for＋關(guān)系代詞whom(指代John)來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
答案：D
7.(2010·溫州二模)I prefer a company people have to work as a team，instead of fighting against each other.
A.where
B.that
C.as
D.when
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。where在句中引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞company，并且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
答案：A
8.(2010·海南萬(wàn)寧期中)China has planned to build the world's largest national park， is expected to replace America's Yellowstone National Park.
A.which
B.where
C.what
D.as
解析：句意：中國(guó)計(jì)劃要建一個(gè)世界上最大的國(guó)家公園，預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)代替美國(guó)的黃石國(guó)家公園。which和as都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代表前面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，區(qū)別如下：which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般不放在句首，as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位置比較靈活，as翻譯為“正如……一樣”。但是，此題中先行詞并非整個(gè)主句，而是park，所以用which引導(dǎo)。what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
答案：A
9.(2010·山東煙臺(tái)檢測(cè))Most of the roads were covered with thick snow， made our journey more difficult.
A.one
B.it
C.which
D.that
解析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面的整個(gè)句子。
答案：C
10.(2010·福州教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.where
解析：關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞point，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。point意為“點(diǎn)”，后接定語(yǔ)從句where she needed to decide what to do表示“她需要決定做什么的地方”。that和which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
答案：D
11.(2010·浙江寧波質(zhì)檢)He paid the boy 10 for washing twenty windows，most of hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A.them
B.those
C.which
D.that
解析：根據(jù)句意，在介詞of后面，指物應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。
答案：C
12.(2010·安徽合肥質(zhì)檢)It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.
A.what；that
B.which；that
C.that；which
D.that；what
解析：這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語(yǔ)the training，而the training 后又接一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。答案：B
13.(2010·山東聊城一模)Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
A.he explained
B.what he explained
C.how he explained
D.why he explained
解析：reason是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以用that或which引導(dǎo)，或者省略關(guān)系代詞。
答案：A
14.(2010·江蘇常州高三模擬)He seemed to be looking for the words he could express his idea.
A.for which
B.with which
C.for that
D.with that
解析：句意：他似乎在尋找能表達(dá)他觀點(diǎn)的話語(yǔ)。express...with words，“用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)……”。
答案：B
15.(2010·江蘇徐州調(diào)研)Pointing to the house on roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was I would stay.
A.its；what
B.whose；what
C.whose；where
D.its；where
解析：句意：老人指著那座屋頂上長(zhǎng)著雜草的房子告訴我說(shuō)，那就是我要住的地方。該題中，house是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)倒裝句，正常的語(yǔ)序是：lots of bush grew on whose roof。roof前缺少定語(yǔ)，所以用whose引導(dǎo)；that was I would stay是told的賓語(yǔ)從句。該賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)是that， I would stay是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用where引導(dǎo)。
答案：C
