湖南高考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件牛津譯林版模塊必修5《Unit 2 The Environment》The environment環(huán)境

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　　(1)close adj.靠近的，接近的；親密的，密切的；周密的，仔細(xì)的 The church is close to the shops. 教堂和商店離得很近。 My sister and I are very close. 我姐姐和我關(guān)系非常密切。 They didn’t pay any close attention to these details. 他們沒有仔細(xì)注意到那些細(xì)節(jié)。 (2)close

　　adv.靠近、挨近、接近 Come close，so I can see you clearly. 靠近點(diǎn)，這樣我就能看清楚你了。 He stood close to me and held my hand firmly. 他站在我身邊，緊緊地握住我的手。

　　10.Betty stood________to her teacher and watched________what he was doing. A．close；closely

　　B．close；close

　　C．closely；close

　　D．closely；closely 【解析】　句意為：Betty站在老師邊上，仔細(xì)地觀察著老師所做的事情。距離接近用close，觀察仔細(xì)用closely。【答案】　A

　　raise (1)vt.抬起，舉起，使升起

　　She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence. 她舉起一根手指放在唇邊，示意肅靜。 (2)vt.喚起，引起，激起

　　A funny remark raises a laugh. 一句有趣的話引起一陣笑聲。 (3)vt.提出

　　He regretted raising that silly question at the meeting. 他后悔在會(huì)上提出那個(gè)愚蠢的問題。 (4)vt.召集；征集，籌集(款)

　　People are called on to raise funds for more primary schools. 人們被號(hào)召為建更多的小學(xué)籌集資金。 (5)vt.飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；栽培 It’s difficult raising a family on a small income. 依靠微薄的收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。

　　辨析：rise與raise rise vi.(rose，risen) 升起，起身，上升，(日、月、星)升起 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 日出于東而落于西。 Prices rise every day in those countries. 那些國家里的物價(jià)天天上漲。 The chairman rose from his chair. 主席從椅子上站了起來。

　　11.The workers in the factory demanded that their pay________by 20 percent. A．be raised

　　B．would be raised C．raised

　　D．raise 【解析】　句意為：工廠的工人要求工資上漲20%。提高工資，工資是被提高，demand后面從句用should虛擬。【答案】　A

　　measure

　　n．措施，方法 (常用復(fù)數(shù)形式) take effective measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取有效的措施做某事

　　take one’s measure 量某人的尺寸 v．量得(高，寬)用主動(dòng)而不用被動(dòng) The room measures 10 meters long,5 meters wide. 那個(gè)房間10米長，5米寬。

　　12.The box________8 feet long and 6 feet wide.

　　A．is measured

　　B．measured

　　C．measures

　　D．is measuring

　　【解析】　句意為：那只盒子8英尺長，6英尺寬。measure“量得(高，寬)”，用主動(dòng)而不用被動(dòng)，另外，它表示事實(shí)狀態(tài)，一般也不用過去時(shí)。【答案】　C

　　rely on＝ depend on依賴，依靠 You shouldn’t rely on your parents too much. 你不應(yīng)該依賴你父母太多。

　　rely on sb.for sth.依賴某人某事 rely on sb.to do sth/sb.’s doing sth.依賴某人做某事 rely on it that...依賴…… We can rely on her for help.我們依賴她的幫助。 You may rely on her to pay back the money. 你可以依賴她來還錢。＝ You may rely on her paying back the money. ＝Y(jié)ou may rely on it that she will pay back the money. reliable

　　可信賴的，可依靠的 a reliable product

　　可信賴的產(chǎn)品

　　13.I find he is not a reliable man.________to say，he is not a man to depend ________. A．That’s；on

　　B．That’s；/

　　C．It’s；upon

　　D．It’s；/ 【解析】　句意為：我發(fā)現(xiàn)他不是一個(gè)可以信賴的男人。也就是說，他不是一個(gè)可以依靠的男人。That’s to say是固定搭配，解釋為“也就是說”；depend on/upon解釋為“依賴，依靠”。【答案】　A

　　prohibit vt.(以法令，規(guī)則等)禁止 prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人干某事 There is a rule prohibiting travelers from fishing in this river. 有一個(gè)規(guī)則禁止旅游者在河里釣魚。 prohibition n．禁令，禁律

　　14.The company prohibits the workers________.

　　A．to smoke

　　B．from smoking

　　C．to smoking

　　D．smoking 【解析】　句意為：那家公司禁止工人抽煙。prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人干某事。【答案】　B

　　appreciate

　　v．欣賞，感激 We greatly appreciate your timely help. 我們非常感謝你及時(shí)的幫助。

　　We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 我們將樂于再收到你的來信。

　　appreciate (doing ) sth. I would appreciate it if... I appreciate your help/your coming to the party. 我感謝你來到聚會(huì)。 I would appreciate it if you could give the chance. 如果你能給予幾回，我會(huì)很感激。

　　15.I really appreciate________to relax with you on this nice island. A．to have had time

　　B．having time C．to have time

　　D．to having time 【解析】　句意為：在這美麗的島嶼上，我很感激能有時(shí)間和你一起放松。這里考查appreciate doing sth.。【答案】　B

　　When people think of factories，they think of clouds of dirty smoke or a pipe pouring chemical waste into a river.當(dāng)人們想到工廠，他們想起了骯臟的煙或者是傾倒污水去河里的管子。 They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities to the environment and only thinking about money. 他們想起了躲藏環(huán)境的責(zé)任和只想金錢的貪婪的商人。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句)。 A little child learning to walk often falls. 一個(gè)學(xué)走路的小孩經(jīng)常會(huì)摔跤。 A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. 一個(gè)寫小說的年輕人昨天來演講了。

　　16.(2004年上海卷)The flowers________sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of them. A．to smell

　　B．smelling C．smelt

　　D．to be smelt 【解析】　句意為：花園里芳香四溢的花吸引了許多游客來欣賞他們的美麗。系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)，沒有過去分詞，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞。【答案】　B

　　My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and try.我的建議是我們要減少生產(chǎn)量并減少我們制作和購買的東西的數(shù)量。 (1)本句中that引導(dǎo)表語從句，suggestion等名詞作主語，使用虛擬語氣，即謂語動(dòng)詞用should＋動(dòng)詞原形。 Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.我們唯一的請(qǐng)求就是盡快解決這個(gè)問題。 The demand is that the composition (should) be written on one side only.按照要求作文必須單面謄寫。

　　(2)suggestion等名詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句也用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞要用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is my desire that all the members of the family (should) gather once a year.我的愿望是所有家庭成員一年團(tuán)圓一次。 The suggestion that education (should) be reformed is reasonable.教育要改革的建議是合理的。

　　17.He gave a piece of advice that they________each other. A．helped

　　B．must help C．help

　　D．had helped 【解析】　句意為：他給了一條他們應(yīng)該互相幫助的建議。advice 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句使用虛擬語氣，即謂語動(dòng)詞用should＋動(dòng)詞原形。【答案】　C 18．(2006年福建卷) The workers will go on strike if the demands they________put forward are turned down. A．could

　　B．would C．/

　　D．had 【解析】　句意為：工人們將繼續(xù)罷工，如果他們提出的要求被拒絕的話，demand引導(dǎo)的同位語從句使用虛擬語氣，即謂語動(dòng)詞用should＋動(dòng)詞原形。【答案】　C

　　The world’s population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. 世界人口比1800年增加了六倍多。英語倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法：用形容詞表示甲是乙的幾倍時(shí)，用下面三個(gè)句型： (1)……倍數(shù)＋形容詞(或副詞)的比較級(jí)＋than This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 這個(gè)大廳比我們的教室大五倍。 (2)……倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞(或 much)或副詞＋as This big stone is three times as heavy as that one. 這塊大石頭的重量是那一塊的三倍。 (3)……倍數(shù)＋the size(length，height...)of This hill is four times the height of that small one. ＝The height of this hill is four times that of that small one. 這座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。

　　19.American eat________vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. A．more than twice

　　B．a(chǎn)s twice as many C．twice as many as

　　D．more than twice as many 【解析】　句意為：美國人現(xiàn)在每人比1910年多吃兩倍的蔬菜?！稊?shù)＋as＋形容詞(或 much)或副詞＋as。【答案】　D

　　20．Paper produced every year is________the world’s production of vehicles. A．the three weight of

　　B．three times the weight of C．a(chǎn)s three times heavy as

　　D．three times as heavier as 【解析】　每年生產(chǎn)的紙張比全世界汽車的產(chǎn)量重三倍?！稊?shù)＋the size(length，height...)of 【答案】　B

　　(2009～2010學(xué)年度淄博市重點(diǎn)高中高三階段考英語試卷) 2009年全國城市運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)(The 2009 National Games)將在山東濟(jì)南舉行。作為濟(jì)南市民，你感覺身邊還存在許多不文明行為。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇120～150詞的英語短文，號(hào)召廣大民眾從我做起，杜絕不文明行為。 *不文明行為，如(亂穿馬路，亂扔垃圾等) *不文明行為的影響 *你的建議和措施 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

　　The 2009 National Games are coming to Jinan，but lots of bad behviour still exists around us.For example，some people often cross the streets against traffic rules，some don’t make room for the old or disabled on the bus and some even litter and spit freely in public.The above behaviour does great harm to our city and will leave a negative impression on visitors.It’s high time that we solved the problem.

　　Firstly，I’ll start with myself to perform good manners all the time and everywhere.Secondly，I’ll call on all the people around to behave politely.Thirdly，everyone should do his bit to help build a harmonious society.Last but not least，some effective measures should be taken to remove the bad behaviour.Only in this way can we benefit from the coming National Games. Ⅰ.重要單詞聚焦 1．

　　n．經(jīng)濟(jì) 2．

　　增加 3．

　　vt.

　　下蛋；放置 4．

　　數(shù)據(jù)

　　5．

　　vt.& vi.

　　接近，靠近 6．

　　產(chǎn)量 7．

　　adj

　　有益的 8．

　　adj.

　　有效的 9．

　　adj

　　樂意的，自愿的 10．

　　adv.

　　仔細(xì)地，認(rèn)真地 economy addition lay figure approach production beneficial effective willing closely 11．

　　vt.

　　限制 12．

　　設(shè)備 13．

　　vt.

　　引發(fā)，提出 14．

　　vi.

　　依靠，依賴 15．

　　污染 16．

　　vt.& vi.

　　擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)大 17．

　　vt.& vi

　　減少 18．

　　范圍 19．

　　vt.

　　禁止 20．

　　vt.

　　欣賞，感激 21．

　　vi.

　　留存，逗留 22．

　　成長 23．

　　vi.& n.

　　逮捕 limit equipment raise rely pollution expand decrease range prohibit appreciate remain growth arrest Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語掃描 1．

　　另外

　　2．

　　掃除 3．

　　減少 4．

　　為……負(fù)責(zé) 5．

　　以……的形式 6．

　　挑選 7．

　　依靠 8．

　　在進(jìn)行中 9．

　　集中于 10．

　　關(guān)心，擔(dān)憂 11．

　　愿意做某事 12．

　　根據(jù)

　　addition

　　wipe

　　out cut

　　back

　　take

　　responsibility

　　for

　　the

　　form

　　pick

　　out

　　rely

　　under

　　way

　　focus

　　concerned

　　about

　　willing

　　sth.

　　according

　　13．

　　用完，耗盡 Ⅲ.課文原句突破 1．This will________ ________ ________ ________ ______(有持久的影響) the number of fish left for us to eat. 【答案】　have a lasting effect upon 2．The people________ ________ ________(經(jīng)營工廠) are very concerned about the environment. 【答案】　running the factories 3．________ ________ ________(我們所需要的)is more effective laws to preserve the economy，which still allow the economy to grow. 【答案】　What we need

　　run

　　out

　　(of)

　　4．But I do agree that recycling may be________ ________ ________(關(guān)鍵) helping both sides. 【答案】　the key to 5．In 2002，________ ________ ________(據(jù)報(bào)道) that 23.4 billion unpolluted human and industrial sewage was deposited into the river. 【答案】　it was reported 6．The experts have assessed the river and are now trying to____ ____ ____ ____(制定出可能的解決辦法) to many problems. 【答案】　work out possible solutions 7．Boats________ ________ ________(被禁止) entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe. 【答案】　are prohibited from

　　addition n．加，增加 in addition/in addition to...另外；除……之外(還) She won’t mind your being late—in addition，it’s hardly your fault.她不會(huì)介意你遲到的，此外，這也不是你的錯(cuò)誤。 Do you play any other sports in addition to football and basketball? 除了足球和籃球你還進(jìn)行其他體育運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？

　　(1)additional adj.額外的 additional tax/the additional regulation (2)add vt.增加，補(bǔ)充 He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。

　　1.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks，________that he had enjoyed his stay here. A．having addedB．to add C．a(chǎn)dding

　　D．a(chǎn)dded 【解析】　句意為：來訪的總理對(duì)他的會(huì)談表示滿意。并補(bǔ)充說，他在這兒過得很愉快。分詞表示伴隨動(dòng)作。【答案】　C

　　lay (laid，laid) vt.下蛋；放置 Laying eggs is the full-time job of the ant queen. 蟻皇的主要工作是繁衍后代。 Supper is ready，go and lay the table. 晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了，去擺設(shè)餐具準(zhǔn)備吃飯。

　　(1)lay aside放在一邊 She laid aside her book to rest her eyes for a moment. 她把書放下，讓眼睛歇一會(huì)兒。 (2)lay out設(shè)計(jì)，布局 The hill has been laid out as a park. 這座小山布置成了一座公園。

　　2.If only he________quietly as the doctor instructed，he would not suffer so much now. A．lies

　　B．lay

　　C．had lain

　　D．should lie 【解析】　句意為：如果他遵照醫(yī)囑臥床靜養(yǎng)了，他不至于現(xiàn)在受這樣的苦。本題考查混合虛擬條件句。本題主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在真實(shí)情況的假設(shè)，從句是對(duì)過去真實(shí)情況的假設(shè)。從句要按過去的假設(shè)用had＋過去分詞，主句按照現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)用would＋動(dòng)詞原形。lie (lay，lain) 躺。【答案】　C