2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪課件優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí)（山東專用）人教版：語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破十一、特殊句式

　　(2010·高考大綱全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Though surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. 教授看到我們，雖然很驚訝，但還是熱情地歡迎了我們。 When people cut down big trees，new trees should be planted.If not they will have no trees to cut down in the future. 當(dāng)人們砍倒大樹時(shí)，應(yīng)該種植新樹，不然的話，他們以后就沒有樹木可砍了。 2．不定式省略，單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to。 (1)用來代替動(dòng)詞不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞，常在be afraid，be glad，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，want，wish等的后邊。 (2009·高考江蘇卷)—What’s the matter with Della? —Well，her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party，but she still hopes to. ——Della出什么事了？ ——父母不允許Della參加晚會(huì)，可她仍然希望參加。 —Will you join in the game？ ——你愿意加入做游戲嗎？ —I’d be glad to.——我很高興。 (2)如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。 —Are you a sailor？——你是海員嗎？ —No，but I used to be.——不，但我過去是。 語(yǔ)法專練知能闖關(guān) 本部分內(nèi)容講解結(jié)束 按ESC鍵退出全屏播放

　　1．部分倒裝 (1)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首時(shí)。 So interested in the ancient town did the visitors get that they decided to stay there for another few days. 要點(diǎn)濃縮 這些游客對(duì)那個(gè)古鎮(zhèn)如此感興趣以至于他們決定在那兒再待幾天。 (2)hardly...when...，no sooner...than...,not only...but also...等引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，前一個(gè)分句用部分倒裝，后一個(gè)分句不變。 Hardly had they got to the bus stop when the bus pulled away. 他們剛到達(dá)車站公共汽車就開動(dòng)了。 Not only should we know the theory，but also we should learn how to apply it to practice. 我們不但應(yīng)該知道理論而且我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何把理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐。 (3)否定副詞never，nor，not，hardly,little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，by no means，on no condition等置于句首時(shí)。 (2009·高考陜西卷)Little did Rose care about her own safety，though she was in great danger herself. 雖然身處險(xiǎn)境，Rose卻絲毫不在意她個(gè)人的安危。 It is said that by no means can the students be allowed to get into this laboratory without Mr.Jackson’s permission. 據(jù)說未經(jīng)Jackson先生的許可，學(xué)生絕不允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 (4)當(dāng)“only＋狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或從句)”置于句首時(shí)。 Only when Tom fully recovered did he go back to work. 只有當(dāng)湯姆完全恢復(fù)他才回去工作。 (5)用于as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中(表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞原形＋as＋主語(yǔ))。 Quiet student as he may be，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. 盡管他是一名沉默寡言的學(xué)生，但課后談起他最喜歡的歌手他卻滔滔不絕。 2．完全倒裝 (1)表示方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ),如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，on the wall等，置于句首時(shí)，完全倒裝。 On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived. 在山頂上有一個(gè)這位老人曾經(jīng)生活過的寺廟。 (2009·高考福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together. 那會(huì)兒，什么都沒發(fā)生。之后大家一起歡呼起來。 (2)表語(yǔ)＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ)可以是：形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞) Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席會(huì)議的有懷特教授，史密斯教授還有許多其他客人。 經(jīng)典品味 考點(diǎn)三　強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

　　1．(2011·高考湖南卷)It’s not what we do once in a while________shapes our lives，but what we do consistently. A．whichB．that C．how

　　D．when 解析：選B?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：影響我們生活的不是我們偶爾做什么，而是我們一貫做什么。強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的主語(yǔ)，空格部分應(yīng)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的that，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　2．(2011·高考重慶卷)—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? —Of course，I have.It was in our village

　　________ it was made. A．that

　　B．where C．when

　　D．which 解析：選A?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：——你看過電影《山楂樹之戀》嗎？——我當(dāng)然看過。那部電影就是在我們村拍攝的。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為in our village，如改為普通句型為：It was made in our village.如選B項(xiàng)，為where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，但與上句在邏輯上不符。 3．(2011·高考四川卷)Was it on a lonely island________ he was saved one month after the boat went down? A．where

　　B．that C．which

　　D．what 解析：選B?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：他是不是在船沉了一個(gè)月之后在一個(gè)孤島上被人救出來的？結(jié)合題干和選項(xiàng)看，這里用it was...that強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)on a lonely island。

　　1．強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。 要點(diǎn)濃縮 (2009·高考浙江卷)—I’ve read another book this week. —Well，maybe it is not how much you read but what you read that counts. ——這星期我又看了一本書。 ——嗯，也許重要的不是你看了多少而是你看了什么。 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句只需將is/was提前，特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that從句”。 —What was it that made Mrs White so upset? —Her son’s making trouble in the school. ——是什么讓懷特夫人這么難過？ ——她兒子在學(xué)校惹事了。 3．“It was not until...that...”這個(gè)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 It was not until I went there that I began to know something about the matter. 直到我去那兒我才開始知道有關(guān)那件事。 經(jīng)典品味 考點(diǎn)四　省略

　　1．(2024·山東東營(yíng)勝利一中)—Have you been to the Great Wall? —Perhaps not in my memory.________，it might have been during my early childhood. A．If any　 B．If so C．If ever

　　D．If not 解析：選C。句意：——你去過長(zhǎng)城嗎？——在我記憶中好像沒有去過。要是去過的話，或許是在童年。if ever如果曾經(jīng)，該句完整形式為：If I have ever been to the Great Wall...；if any如果有一些(表示數(shù)量)；if so如果那樣；if not如果不。 2．(2024·杭州第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Be careful when you deal with this chemical，as it will explode when________to sunlight. A．being exposed

　　B．to expose C．exposing

　　D．exposed 解析：選D。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)你處理這種化學(xué)物品時(shí)要小心，因?yàn)楫?dāng)它暴露在陽(yáng)光下時(shí)會(huì)爆炸。后半句是“as it will explode when it is exposed to sunlight”的省略形式，it與expose之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。 3．(2024·泰安模擬)—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring? —I________，but I didn’t have the money. A．would have

　　B．bought C．would like to

　　D．had bought 解析：選A。省略的句子補(bǔ)充完整為：I would have bought it if I had had the money，是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的假設(shè)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；I didn’t have the money是事實(shí),用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 要點(diǎn)濃縮

　　1．在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though,as等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，若謂語(yǔ)有be動(dòng)詞，而主語(yǔ)又與主句主語(yǔ)相同或主語(yǔ)是it時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be常被省略。 十一、特殊句式 考點(diǎn)整合各個(gè)擊破 經(jīng)典品味

　　考點(diǎn)一　主謂一致

　　1．(2011·高考安徽卷)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which ________ saved for other purposes. A．is　 B．a(chǎn)re C．was

　　D．were 解析：選D。句意：工廠用掉了65%的原材料，其余的留作他用。本題考查主謂一致。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，本句中的which指代raw materials，“the rest of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后的名詞保持一致。 故本題設(shè)空處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)可知此處應(yīng)用過去時(shí)， 故答案為D項(xiàng)。 2．(2011·高考湖南卷)One-third of the country________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people. A．is；are

　　B．is；is C．a(chǎn)re；are

　　D．a(chǎn)re；is 解析：選A。句意：三分之一的國(guó)土被樹覆蓋，大多數(shù)的市民是黑人?？疾橹髦^一致用法?！胺?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要和of后面的名詞一致，the country為不可數(shù)名詞，故第一個(gè)空填is； 第二空前的主語(yǔ)中心詞是citizens，為可數(shù)名詞，所以第二個(gè)空填are。故答案選A項(xiàng)。 3．(2024·海淀第二學(xué)期期中練習(xí))—Hey！Here is a message on my cellphone，telling me to send money to... —Delete it! It’s a trick.Many a person________ by such tricks. A．has been cheated

　　B．have been cheated C．were cheated

　　D．was cheated 解析：選A?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。答話人之所以讓對(duì)方刪除手機(jī)上要求匯款的信息是因?yàn)榈侥壳盀橹挂呀?jīng)有很多人上當(dāng)受騙，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；many a 表示“大量”，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)， 故排除B項(xiàng)選A項(xiàng)。

　　1．people，cattle等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式， 但family,class，team，group，public等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果把它們作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是個(gè)體成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 要點(diǎn)濃縮 The flooded family is made up of ten people，so the clothing is badly needed. 遭受洪災(zāi)的家庭由十人組成，因此衣服十分緊缺。 2．如果主語(yǔ)由“more than one＋n.”或“many a＋n.”構(gòu)成，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果主語(yǔ)由“more＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋than one”構(gòu)成，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 More than one boy likes to play basketball while many a girl is good at playing baseball. 不止一個(gè)男孩喜歡打籃球然而不止一個(gè)女生善長(zhǎng)打棒球。 3．由or，either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also...等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與最近的主語(yǔ)在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。 Either you or your secretary has to check over the speech draft and correct the mistakes. 要么是你要么是你的秘書必須檢查一下演講稿并把錯(cuò)誤改過來。 4．如果主語(yǔ)后面帶有as well as，as much as，no less than，along with，with，like，rather than，together with，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。 (2009·高考陜西卷)Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters, is going to visit Beijing this summer. Dr.Smith將在今年夏天和妻子女兒們一起游覽北京。 In my opinion，he rather than you，is to blame. 依我看來，他，而不是你該受責(zé)備。 5．單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)名詞的意義來確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Every necessary means has been used to protect milu deer which are very valuable to us.As a result，the number of the milu deer is increasing. 用來保護(hù)對(duì)于我們來說很珍貴的麋鹿的各種必要手段都已使用。因此，麋鹿的數(shù)量正在增加。 6．由each，every，no所修飾的作主語(yǔ)的名詞即使有and連接，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the English evening party to be held on Saturday. 每個(gè)女生和男生希望參加星期六舉辦的英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。 經(jīng)典品味 考點(diǎn)二　倒裝

　　1．(2011·高考湖南卷)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________ a decision. A．they reached　 B．did they reach C．they reach

　　D．do they reach 解析：選B。句意：直到他們討論了那個(gè)問題幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后才作出決定。本題考查倒裝句。only修飾狀語(yǔ)(從句)置于句首時(shí)，后面的句子要部分倒裝,排除A、C項(xiàng)；根據(jù)題干中的過去完成時(shí)可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)，故排除D項(xiàng)，答案為B項(xiàng)。 2．(2011·高考福建卷)—It’s nice.Never before________ such a special drink! —I’m glad you like it. A．I have had

　　B．I had C．have I had

　　D．had I 解析：選C。句意：——太棒了。我以前從來沒喝過這么獨(dú)特的飲料！——很高興您喜歡。本題考查倒裝句。否定副詞never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表示否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)， 后面的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)部分需部分倒裝，根據(jù)題意可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，所以正確答案為C項(xiàng)。 3．(2011·高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Try________ she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open. A．if

　　B．when

　　C．since

　　D．a(chǎn)s 解析：選D。句意：雖然Sue試著想打開門，但是她打不開。本題考查連詞。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為“雖然”，要求從句使用部分倒裝，即從句中表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形置于as前。此句中設(shè)空前為動(dòng)詞原形Try，符合as的用法，故答案為D項(xiàng)。

　　(2010·高考大綱全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Though surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. 教授看到我們，雖然很驚訝，但還是熱情地歡迎了我們。 When people cut down big trees，new trees should be planted.If not they will have no trees to cut down in the future. 當(dāng)人們砍倒大樹時(shí)，應(yīng)該種植新樹，不然的話，他們以后就沒有樹木可砍了。 2．不定式省略，單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to。 (1)用來代替動(dòng)詞不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞，常在be afraid，be glad，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，want，wish等的后邊。 (2009·高考江蘇卷)—What’s the matter with Della? —Well，her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party，but she still hopes to. ——Della出什么事了？ ——父母不允許Della參加晚會(huì)，可她仍然希望參加。 —Will you join in the game？ ——你愿意加入做游戲嗎？ —I’d be glad to.——我很高興。 (2)如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。 —Are you a sailor？——你是海員嗎？ —No，but I used to be.——不，但我過去是。 語(yǔ)法專練知能闖關(guān) 本部分內(nèi)容講解結(jié)束 按ESC鍵退出全屏播放

　　1．部分倒裝 (1)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首時(shí)。 So interested in the ancient town did the visitors get that they decided to stay there for another few days. 要點(diǎn)濃縮 這些游客對(duì)那個(gè)古鎮(zhèn)如此感興趣以至于他們決定在那兒再待幾天。 (2)hardly...when...，no sooner...than...,not only...but also...等引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，前一個(gè)分句用部分倒裝，后一個(gè)分句不變。 Hardly had they got to the bus stop when the bus pulled away. 他們剛到達(dá)車站公共汽車就開動(dòng)了。 Not only should we know the theory，but also we should learn how to apply it to practice. 我們不但應(yīng)該知道理論而且我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何把理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐。 (3)否定副詞never，nor，not，hardly,little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，by no means，on no condition等置于句首時(shí)。 (2009·高考陜西卷)Little did Rose care about her own safety，though she was in great danger herself. 雖然身處險(xiǎn)境，Rose卻絲毫不在意她個(gè)人的安危。 It is said that by no means can the students be allowed to get into this laboratory without Mr.Jackson’s permission. 據(jù)說未經(jīng)Jackson先生的許可，學(xué)生絕不允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 (4)當(dāng)“only＋狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或從句)”置于句首時(shí)。 Only when Tom fully recovered did he go back to work. 只有當(dāng)湯姆完全恢復(fù)他才回去工作。 (5)用于as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中(表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞原形＋as＋主語(yǔ))。 Quiet student as he may be，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. 盡管他是一名沉默寡言的學(xué)生，但課后談起他最喜歡的歌手他卻滔滔不絕。 2．完全倒裝 (1)表示方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ),如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，on the wall等，置于句首時(shí)，完全倒裝。 On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived. 在山頂上有一個(gè)這位老人曾經(jīng)生活過的寺廟。 (2009·高考福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together. 那會(huì)兒，什么都沒發(fā)生。之后大家一起歡呼起來。 (2)表語(yǔ)＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ)可以是：形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞) Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席會(huì)議的有懷特教授，史密斯教授還有許多其他客人。 經(jīng)典品味 考點(diǎn)三　強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

　　1．(2011·高考湖南卷)It’s not what we do once in a while________shapes our lives，but what we do consistently. A．whichB．that C．how

　　D．when 解析：選B?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：影響我們生活的不是我們偶爾做什么，而是我們一貫做什么。強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的主語(yǔ)，空格部分應(yīng)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的that，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　2．(2011·高考重慶卷)—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? —Of course，I have.It was in our village

　　________ it was made. A．that

　　B．where C．when

　　D．which 解析：選A?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：——你看過電影《山楂樹之戀》嗎？——我當(dāng)然看過。那部電影就是在我們村拍攝的。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為in our village，如改為普通句型為：It was made in our village.如選B項(xiàng)，為where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，但與上句在邏輯上不符。 3．(2011·高考四川卷)Was it on a lonely island________ he was saved one month after the boat went down? A．where

　　B．that C．which

　　D．what 解析：選B。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法。句意：他是不是在船沉了一個(gè)月之后在一個(gè)孤島上被人救出來的？結(jié)合題干和選項(xiàng)看，這里用it was...that強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)on a lonely island。

　　1．強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。 要點(diǎn)濃縮 (2009·高考浙江卷)—I’ve read another book this week. —Well，maybe it is not how much you read but what you read that counts. ——這星期我又看了一本書。 ——嗯，也許重要的不是你看了多少而是你看了什么。 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句只需將is/was提前，特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that從句”。 —What was it that made Mrs White so upset? —Her son’s making trouble in the school. ——是什么讓懷特夫人這么難過？ ——她兒子在學(xué)校惹事了。 3．“It was not until...that...”這個(gè)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 It was not until I went there that I began to know something about the matter. 直到我去那兒我才開始知道有關(guān)那件事。 經(jīng)典品味 考點(diǎn)四　省略

　　1．(2024·山東東營(yíng)勝利一中)—Have you been to the Great Wall? —Perhaps not in my memory.________，it might have been during my early childhood. A．If any　 B．If so C．If ever

　　D．If not 解析：選C。句意：——你去過長(zhǎng)城嗎？——在我記憶中好像沒有去過。要是去過的話，或許是在童年。if ever如果曾經(jīng)，該句完整形式為：If I have ever been to the Great Wall...；if any如果有一些(表示數(shù)量)；if so如果那樣；if not如果不。 2．(2024·杭州第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Be careful when you deal with this chemical，as it will explode when________to sunlight. A．being exposed

　　B．to expose C．exposing

　　D．exposed 解析：選D。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)你處理這種化學(xué)物品時(shí)要小心，因?yàn)楫?dāng)它暴露在陽(yáng)光下時(shí)會(huì)爆炸。后半句是“as it will explode when it is exposed to sunlight”的省略形式，it與expose之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。 3．(2024·泰安模擬)—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring? —I________，but I didn’t have the money. A．would have

　　B．bought C．would like to

　　D．had bought 解析：選A。省略的句子補(bǔ)充完整為：I would have bought it if I had had the money，是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的假設(shè)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；I didn’t have the money是事實(shí),用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 要點(diǎn)濃縮

　　1．在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though,as等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，若謂語(yǔ)有be動(dòng)詞，而主語(yǔ)又與主句主語(yǔ)相同或主語(yǔ)是it時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be常被省略。 十一、特殊句式 考點(diǎn)整合各個(gè)擊破 經(jīng)典品味

　　考點(diǎn)一　主謂一致

　　1．(2011·高考安徽卷)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which ________ saved for other purposes. A．is　 B．a(chǎn)re C．was

　　D．were 解析：選D。句意：工廠用掉了65%的原材料，其余的留作他用。本題考查主謂一致。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，本句中的which指代raw materials，“the rest of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后的名詞保持一致。 故本題設(shè)空處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)可知此處應(yīng)用過去時(shí)， 故答案為D項(xiàng)。 2．(2011·高考湖南卷)One-third of the country________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people. A．is；are

　　B．is；is C．a(chǎn)re；are

　　D．a(chǎn)re；is 解析：選A。句意：三分之一的國(guó)土被樹覆蓋，大多數(shù)的市民是黑人?？疾橹髦^一致用法?！胺?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要和of后面的名詞一致，the country為不可數(shù)名詞，故第一個(gè)空填is； 第二空前的主語(yǔ)中心詞是citizens，為可數(shù)名詞，所以第二個(gè)空填are。故答案選A項(xiàng)。 3．(2024·海淀第二學(xué)期期中練習(xí))—Hey！Here is a message on my cellphone，telling me to send money to... —Delete it! It’s a trick.Many a person________ by such tricks. A．has been cheated

　　B．have been cheated C．were cheated

　　D．was cheated 解析：選A?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。答話人之所以讓對(duì)方刪除手機(jī)上要求匯款的信息是因?yàn)榈侥壳盀橹挂呀?jīng)有很多人上當(dāng)受騙，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；many a 表示“大量”，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)， 故排除B項(xiàng)選A項(xiàng)。

　　1．people，cattle等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式， 但family,class，team，group，public等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果把它們作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是個(gè)體成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 要點(diǎn)濃縮 The flooded family is made up of ten people，so the clothing is badly needed. 遭受洪災(zāi)的家庭由十人組成，因此衣服十分緊缺。 2．如果主語(yǔ)由“more than one＋n.”或“many a＋n.”構(gòu)成，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果主語(yǔ)由“more＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋than one”構(gòu)成，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 More than one boy likes to play basketball while many a girl is good at playing baseball. 不止一個(gè)男孩喜歡打籃球然而不止一個(gè)女生善長(zhǎng)打棒球。 3．由or，either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also...等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與最近的主語(yǔ)在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。 Either you or your secretary has to check over the speech draft and correct the mistakes. 要么是你要么是你的秘書必須檢查一下演講稿并把錯(cuò)誤改過來。 4．如果主語(yǔ)后面帶有as well as，as much as，no less than，along with，with，like，rather than，together with，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。 (2009·高考陜西卷)Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters, is going to visit Beijing this summer. Dr.Smith將在今年夏天和妻子女兒們一起游覽北京。 In my opinion，he rather than you，is to blame. 依我看來，他，而不是你該受責(zé)備。 5．單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)名詞的意義來確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Every necessary means has been used to protect milu deer which are very valuable to us.As a result，the number of the milu deer is increasing. 用來保護(hù)對(duì)于我們來說很珍貴的麋鹿的各種必要手段都已使用。因此，麋鹿的數(shù)量正在增加。 6．由each，every，no所修飾的作主語(yǔ)的名詞即使有and連接，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the English evening party to be held on Saturday. 每個(gè)女生和男生希望參加星期六舉辦的英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。 經(jīng)典品味 考點(diǎn)二　倒裝

　　1．(2011·高考湖南卷)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________ a decision. A．they reached　 B．did they reach C．they reach

　　D．do they reach 解析：選B。句意：直到他們討論了那個(gè)問題幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后才作出決定。本題考查倒裝句。only修飾狀語(yǔ)(從句)置于句首時(shí)，后面的句子要部分倒裝,排除A、C項(xiàng)；根據(jù)題干中的過去完成時(shí)可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)，故排除D項(xiàng)，答案為B項(xiàng)。 2．(2011·高考福建卷)—It’s nice.Never before________ such a special drink! —I’m glad you like it. A．I have had

　　B．I had C．have I had

　　D．had I 解析：選C。句意：——太棒了。我以前從來沒喝過這么獨(dú)特的飲料！——很高興您喜歡。本題考查倒裝句。否定副詞never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表示否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)， 后面的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)部分需部分倒裝，根據(jù)題意可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，所以正確答案為C項(xiàng)。 3．(2011·高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Try________ she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open. A．if

　　B．when

　　C．since

　　D．a(chǎn)s 解析：選D。句意：雖然Sue試著想打開門，但是她打不開。本題考查連詞。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為“雖然”，要求從句使用部分倒裝，即從句中表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形置于as前。此句中設(shè)空前為動(dòng)詞原形Try，符合as的用法，故答案為D項(xiàng)。