2024年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集24

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2024年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集24

  2024高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集24

 ?、?詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)

  1.a(chǎn)ssist vi. & vt. & n.幫助;援助;協(xié)助

  assistance n.援助;幫助;補(bǔ)助

  assistant n.助手;助理 adj.輔助的;助理的

  assist sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事

  assist sb. in doing sth./to do sth.幫助某人做某事

  assist at/in sth.參加某事物

  come to sb.’s assistance幫助某人

  with the assistance of在……的幫助下

  [即學(xué)即練1] (1)The students ________________________ doing the experiment.學(xué)生們協(xié)助教授做實(shí)驗(yàn)。

  (2)We all ____________ mending the roof.我們都幫助修理屋頂。

  (3)We asked him to _______________ designing a new bridge.我們請(qǐng)他幫助我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)一座新橋。

  答案是:assisted the professor in;assisted in;assist us in

  (4)He can walk only ________________________ crutches.他只能靠一副拐杖走路。

  (5)Despite his cries, no one ________________________.盡管他喊叫,卻沒(méi)有人來(lái)幫助他。

  答案是:with the assistance of;came to his assistance

  2.concentrate vt. 集中;全神貫注

  concentration n. 專心;專注

  concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于;專心于……

  concentrate one‘s attention/efforts/thoughts on...把注意力/努力/思想集中到……

  be concentrated in/on/upon sth. 集中于,專心于

  [即學(xué)即練2](1)We should ____________ all our effort ______ improving education. 我們應(yīng)該致力于改進(jìn)教育工作。

  (2)He _______________ the study of English.他把重點(diǎn)放在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上。

  (3)Our population __________________ the big cities.我國(guó)人口集中在大城市里。

  答案是:concentrate on;concentrated on;is concentrated in

  拓展:focus/fix one‘s attention on... 集中注意力于……

  put one’s mind/heart in (into) 專心于……

  be absorbed in... 一心一意于……

  apply oneself/one‘s mind to... 專心于……

  pay attention to 專心,注意……

  以上短語(yǔ)中 in, to 都是介詞,后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

  3.a(chǎn)cquire vt. 獲得,取得,學(xué)到

  [即學(xué)即練3](1)I managed to __________________ for the concert.我設(shè)法弄到了兩張音樂(lè)會(huì)的票。

  (2)She ________________________ French.她學(xué)會(huì)了法語(yǔ)。

  (3)Mr Brown __________________ in the oil business.布朗先生在石油生意上發(fā)了財(cái)。

  答案是:acquire two tickets;acquired a knowledge of;acquired a fortune

  4.inform vt.告知;通知

  informed adj.了解情況的;見(jiàn)識(shí)廣的

  inform sb. of/about sth.告知某人某事

  inform sb. (that)...通知某人

  keep sb. informed使某人隨時(shí)了解最新情況

  [即學(xué)即練4](1)Please __________________ any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有變更請(qǐng)盡快通知我們。

  (2)We regret to ______ you ______ your application has been rejected.我們很遺憾地通知你,你的申請(qǐng)未被接受。

  (3)Please ______ me fully ____________ any developments.事態(tài)如有發(fā)展,請(qǐng)向我提供詳情。

  答案是:inform us of;inform that;keep informed of

  5.case n. 情況;病例;案例

  in case of... 假使……,萬(wàn)一……

  in case 以防,萬(wàn)一

  in any case 無(wú)論如何,總之

  in this/that case 如果這樣/那樣的話,在這種/那種情況下

  in no case 決不

  in the case of 就……來(lái)說(shuō)

  as is often the case 這是常有的事

  as the case may/might be 看情況,視情況而定

  [即學(xué)即練5](1)__________________ people have had to wait several weeks for an appointement.在某些情況下,人們必須等上好幾周才能得到約見(jiàn)。

  (2)____________ will be heard next week. 此案下周審理。

  (3)_____________ fire, call 119. 萬(wàn)一發(fā)生火災(zāi),就打119。

  (4)You‘d better take the keys ____________ I’m out.你最好帶上鑰匙,以防我不在家。

  答案是:In some cases;The case;In case of;in case

  6.a(chǎn)ccuse vt.控告;譴責(zé)

  accuse sb. of sth.=charge sb. with sth.因某事而控告/譴責(zé)某人

  accuse sb. as...指控某人為……

  accuse sb. for sth. 為某事指責(zé)某人

  [即學(xué)即練6](1)My teacher is always __________ me ______ carelessness.我的老師總是指責(zé)我粗枝大葉。

  (2)Mary __________________ an accomplice.瑪麗被指控為同謀犯。

  (3)Man often _________ nature ______ his own misfortunes.人類常把自身的不幸歸罪于天。

  答案是:accusing of;was accused as;accuses for

  拓展:與 accuse sb. of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)相似的有:

  rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人的某物

  warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事

  rid sb. of sth. 使某人擺脫某事

  remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某物

  inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事

  7.demand n.要求,需要 vt.強(qiáng)烈要求

  demand sth.要求某物

  demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物

  demand to do要求干……

  demand that...要求……(從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可省略)

  be in(great) demand(迫切)需求

  satisfy one’s demands滿足某人的需求

  [即學(xué)即練7](1)There have been ____________ the prime minister to resign.已有許多人要求首相辭職。

  (2)After school Tom ___________ help _________ me.放學(xué)后,湯姆要求我?guī)椭?/p>

  (3)She demanded that I (______) ______ everything to her about it.她要求我把知道的整個(gè)事情都告訴她。

  答案是:demands for;demanded;from/of;should tell

  (4)Medical workers are in great _________ in that area. 那個(gè)地方非常需要醫(yī)療工作者。

  (5)It’s impossible to satisfy everyone’s __________.滿足每個(gè)人的需求是不可能的。

  答案是:demand;demands

  8.a(chǎn)pprove v. 批準(zhǔn);滿意

  approval n. [U]批準(zhǔn);贊成;認(rèn)可

  approve sth. 核準(zhǔn)(批準(zhǔn))某事

  approve of sb./sth. 贊成某人(某事)

  approve of sb.‘s doing sth. 同意某人做某事

  without approval 未經(jīng)許可

  with one’s approval 經(jīng)某人同意

  [即學(xué)即練8](1)The minister ___________ the building plan.部長(zhǎng)批準(zhǔn)了這項(xiàng)建筑計(jì)劃。

  (2)The resolution __________________ 68 to 10 with 28 abstentions.決議以68票對(duì)10票通過(guò),28票棄權(quán)。

  (3)Mother doesn‘t ____________ her smoking.母親不贊成她吸煙。

  答案是:approved;was approved by;approve of

  9.depend on 依靠;依賴;信賴;依……而定

  depend on/upon sth. 依靠某物;由……決定

  depend on sb. to do sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事

  depend on/upon sb./sth. for sth.指望/依靠某人/某物提供某物

  depend on it that...相信某件事 (it是虛詞,真正的內(nèi)容是 that從句)

  depend on+wh-clause 依賴于

  That depends./It all depends.這很難說(shuō);得看情況。

  [即學(xué)即練9](1) Success ____________ your effort and ability.成功與否得看你的努力和能力。

  (2) It all ____________ whether or not you are interested in it.這完全看你對(duì)這事是不是有興趣。

  (3) You may ____________ them to be here early.你可以指望他們會(huì)早來(lái)。

  (4)-Is he coming?他來(lái)嗎?-____________. He may not have time.那要看情況。他不一定有時(shí)間。

  答案是:depends on;depends on;depend on;That depends

  10.so as to do sth. 以便,為了(做)……(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ),不放于句首)

  in order to 以便,為了……(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ),可放句首)

  so...as to 如此……以致(引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))

  in order that 為了,以便……(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句)

  so that 為了……;結(jié)果……(引導(dǎo)目的或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)

  so...that... 如此……以至于(引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)

  [即學(xué)即練10](1)He ran quickly ____________/______________ catch the last bus.他跑得很快以便趕上末班車。

  (2)We turned on the light __________/_________________we might see what it was.

 ?。絎e turned on the light _____________ see what it was.我們把燈打開(kāi),以便看看它是什么。

  (3)She is ______ angry ____________ say a word in front of him.她如此生氣以致在他面前說(shuō)不出一句話。

  答案是:so as to;in order to;so that;in order that;so as to;so;as to

  提示:當(dāng)用 so as to, in order to時(shí),句子前后動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)須一致。否則,用 so that, in order that.

  易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥

  自我完善?誤區(qū)備考

  1. assist/help/aid

  (1)assist正式用語(yǔ),多指在提供幫助時(shí),幫助者起次要或協(xié)助作用。

  (2)help最普遍用語(yǔ),含義廣泛。指“以積極態(tài)度給予各方面的幫助”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“受助者得到幫助或好處”,并著重受助者對(duì)幫助的需要;側(cè)重積極地為他人提供物質(zhì)、精神或其他方面的幫助。

  (3)aid正式用詞,指幫助他人脫離危險(xiǎn)或戰(zhàn)勝困難,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)者對(duì)急需幫助的弱者的幫助。

  [應(yīng)用1] (1)They ______ flood victims.他們?cè)馐芩疄?zāi)的災(zāi)民。

  (2)She ______ him in his experiments.她協(xié)助他做實(shí)驗(yàn)。

  (3)Please ______ me arrange these papers.請(qǐng)幫我整理這些文件。

  答案是:aided;assisted;help

  2. profession/career/occupation/job/work

  (1)profession工作,一般指受過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練和良好教育的職業(yè),如醫(yī)生、律師等;

  (2)career尤指一生的職業(yè),可譯為“事業(yè)”;

  (3)occupation職業(yè),較正式用語(yǔ),常用在填寫表格上;

  (4)job職業(yè),同occupation一樣為可數(shù)名詞,可指一個(gè)單獨(dú)任務(wù),也可指工作職位;

  (5)work工作,不可數(shù)。

  [應(yīng)用2] (1)Please state your ___________ here.請(qǐng)把您的職業(yè)填在這里。

  (2)I’ve got some ______ to do this afternoon.我今天下午有些工作要干。

  (3)He is hunting for a summer ______.他正急著找個(gè)暑期工作。

  答案是:occupation;work;job

  (4)He realized that his acting ______ was over.他意識(shí)到自己的演藝事業(yè)結(jié)束了。

  (5)My brother is a policeman by __________.我弟弟的職業(yè)是警察。

  答案是:career;profession

  自我測(cè)評(píng)?技能備考

 ?、?單詞拼寫

  1.A man is accounted innocent until he is proven g______.

  2.Producing a dictionary is a slow p__________.

  3.Can you tell me a__________ of time if you are coming?

  4.My parents don't a_________ of me smoking cigarettes.

  5.The new e___________ of encyclopaedia will appear in the bookstores next week.

  答案是:guilty ;process;ahead;approve;edition

  6.Industrial development is being _____________ (集中) in the west of the country.

  7.The saleswoman in the shop is always _______(渴望的) to please everybody.

  8.It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former _____________ (同事).

  答案是:concentrated ;eager;colleague

  9.The sales department makes an __________(準(zhǔn)確的) forecast of sale.

  10.He wants to change his ___________ (約會(huì)) from Monday to Wednesday.

  答案是:accurate  ;appointment

 ?、?.單項(xiàng)選擇

  1.—How often do you eat out?

  —______, but usually once a week.

  A.Have no idea B.It depends

  C.As usual D.Generally speaking

  答案:B

  解析:句意為“你多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間出去吃一次?”“要看情況而定,但是通常一周一次”。have no idea不知道;as usual與平時(shí)一樣;generally speaking 一般來(lái)說(shuō)。

  2.It is through learning that the individual______many habitual ways of reacting to situations.

  A.remains B.gains

  C.a(chǎn)chieves D.a(chǎn)cquires

  答案:D

  解析:句意為“正是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí),個(gè)人才得以獲得應(yīng)付各種情況的慣常做法”。remain“保持,留住”;gain“贏得”;achieve “取得(成就、進(jìn)步等)”;acquire 指通過(guò)不斷學(xué)習(xí)而得到學(xué)問(wèn)、技術(shù)等,符合題意。

  3.The flight will be announced soon. ______, please remain seated.

  A.However B.Yet

  C.Therefore D.Meanwhile

  答案:D

  解析:meanwhile 在此期間;however 然而;yet 仍然,然而; therefore 因此。

  4.(2010?北京東城期末)______ was reported in the paper, people in Chinese mainland sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.

  A.It B.That

  C.As D.What

  答案:C

  解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句。選擇定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的關(guān)鍵是:在主句中找出先行詞。該句中定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是后面的整個(gè)句子people in Chinese mainland sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island,當(dāng)先行詞為整個(gè)句子時(shí),用關(guān)系代詞which或者as,但which不可以放在句首,故選C項(xiàng)。

  5.—Sorry, sir. I can't answer this question.

  —Well, you are supposed ______ this part of history.

  A.reading B.to be reading

  C.to have read D.having read

  答案:C

  解析:be supposed to have done 表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該已做了某事,但可能沒(méi)做”。

  6.In a room above the store, where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.

  A.was to be held B.has been held

  C.will be held D.is being held

  答案:A

  解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù) some workers were busily setting the table 判斷,聚會(huì)還沒(méi)有舉行,應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),且整個(gè)句子用過(guò)去時(shí),故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

  7.(2010?北京海淀期末)When I couldn't avoid meeting him, I faced an embarrassing situation ______ I could only keep silent.

  A.who B.which

  C.when D.where

  答案:D

  解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句。該定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是前面的an embarrassing situation,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)該選用關(guān)系副詞where,據(jù)此這里選D項(xiàng)。

  8.(2010?河北重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)-What should we pay more attention to if we go north in winter, Mum?

 ?。璑othing much. Take warm clothes ______ the weather is cold.

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