安徽省淮南市2024高考英語一輪單項選擇及文章訓練（1）及答案
安徽省淮南市2024高考英語一輪單項選擇及文章訓練（1）及答案
高考英語單項填空設題的方法與角度的依據(jù)是“三維模式”，即從結構、語義和語用三個方面來出題，切入的角度有7個，即：交際、情態(tài)、反述、省略與替代、特定句式、概念外延和思維定式。
1) 結構方面
NMET單項填空題的句子結構一般是完整的，即有主語和謂語。主語相當于句子的主題，指明句子講的是什么，一般是對方已知的信息；謂語是對有關問題加以說明的部份，一般是向?qū)Ψ教峁┬碌男畔??？疾榈闹攸c，也是在謂語部分。命題人有時故意將謂語部分的結構加以改變，“神似貌非”，迷惑考生。根據(jù)思維定勢的負遷移作用，命題人往往設置干擾性很強的干擾項。這就要求考生不僅具備牢固的基礎知識，更要具備靈活的臨場分析應變能力。例如：
① —Do you know our town at all?
—No, this is the first time I _____ here.
A. was
B. have been
C. am
D. m corning
分析：B最佳。該句運用了這樣一個句型“It/This＋is＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that……”。在這個句型中that從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。切入角度：結構＋交際＋特定句式
② The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
分析：C最佳。本題題干長，信息量大，句子成分多，結構復雜，選項之間相互干擾強，難度大。在空白處前，既有時間名詞the hours,又有人稱代詞me 或副詞詞組back to me。這很難一下子判斷出先行詞究竟是“the hours”還是“me”。上句可以寫成The film brought the hours（——I was taken good care of in that faraway village）back to me.根據(jù)先行詞為the hours, C項應為最佳答案。設題角度：結構+替代+特定句式
2) 語義方面
每個單項填空題的考查實際上都是對語義的考查。語境、結構只是語言運用的外在形式，都是為了恰當?shù)乇磉_出一定的語義服務的。認真地審題，準確地把握語義，對于解答好單項填空題，提高解題能力，起著十分重要的作用。雖然近幾年來NMET試題的題干越來越長，結構越來越復雜，暗示信息也難以把握，同學們解答起來有一定的難度，但是命題人所設置的題干均是表達規(guī)范得體，語義符合邏輯的語言載體。同學們解題時要認真推敲，切勿“望文生義”。
例如：
①I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. which
分析：D最佳。題干已經(jīng)明確交待了“某一本書或另一本書”，只是還沒有確定究竟是哪一本而已。而且，“or”也給考生起了提示作用，表示選擇。故選擇D項 , 設題角度：語義+替代 。
?、?— Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.
— Is it _____ black one?
I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
分析：D最佳。本題雖說是考查冠詞的用法，但也是語義+思維定式考查的具體體現(xiàn)。因為通常我們在冠詞教學中最初都說：泛指某人或某物時用不定冠詞；而表示特定的或上文已提到過的人或物用定冠詞。然而此處從題干暗示可以看出，問句與答語中的pen均非特指，故前后均用不定冠詞。語義+交際+思維定式
3) 語用方面
NMET單項選擇試題越來越重視語用能力的考查，即：語言實用能力。具體而言；基礎語法知識，詞匯、習語及交際用語等都以置一語境的形式來考查，使語言更具靈活、生動和得體。題干的條件信息愈隱蔽，各選項結構十分相似而、且具有較強的干擾性，這樣更能體現(xiàn)試題能力立意的要求。例如：
?、?--- Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
--- I ’m afraid _____ day is possible. (NMET 99)
A. either
B. some
C. neither
D. any
分析：C為最佳。本題設置實際語境，問者期望Monday or Tuesday 選擇一天，而答者有afraid之義，不能如問者的期望。依據(jù)語言的得體性，答案只能選C。設題角度：語用+概念外延+交際。
② — I stayed at a hotel
while in New York.
— Oh，did you? You _____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
分析：A最佳。本題屬于情態(tài)動詞交際情景中的運用。題干涉過去（在紐約）所發(fā)生的事；同時從“did you ”語氣可以看出“你本來是能夠(could have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起的，而不是“你一定(must have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起”，故選A，語用+情態(tài)+反述。
1. As he was waiting downstairs, he suddenly heard a voice calling from ____ .
A. over
B. above
C. up
D. upon
2. He has lived _____ for many years. That's why he can hardly speak his mother tongue now.
A. in abroad
B. exotic
C. foreign
D. abroad
3. --- Could I speak to Mary?
--- Well, she’s on holiday, _____ .
A. actually
B. indeed
C. truly
D. certainly
4. When Mary finally got there, Tom had left an hour _____.
A. before
B. ago
C. later
D. after
5. I have _____ nothing to do today, so you stay here longer.
A. nearly
B. ever
C. most
D. almost
6. --- Do you know your results?
--- No, I don’t know them ____ .
A. already
B. since
C. before
D. yet
7. Peter can't speak Chinese and can't write it, _____. So Chinese is Greek to him.
A. too
B. also
C. neither
D. either
8. He said he would come, he didn't ______.
A. though
B. although
C. yet
D. too
9. There is only the tree and the rock. I can see nothing _____.
A. among
B. between
C. in
D. out
10. ____ ! There is a train coming.
A. Look out
B. Look around
C. Look forward
D. Look on
11. John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A. as well
B. as well as
C. so well
D. so well as
12. He will be ____ for months and he told me he wouldn’t be ____ till next Saturday.
A. off; off
B. away; away
C. off; away
D. away; off
13. --- How long has he been in the army?
--- Oh, he joined the army as far ____ as 1997.
A. ago
B. away
C. from
D. back
14. China has a lot of coal and oil, and it is rich in other rare minerals ______.
A. as well
B. also
C. either
D. neither
15. With the development of West China, many technicians are _____ needed there in recent years.
A. many
B. bad
C. badly
D. well
參考答案
1—5、BDABD
6—10、DDAAA
11—15、BDDAC
**************************************************結束
維A 完形填空(每題1.5分，滿分30分)
選材相似度：★★★★
設題相似度：★★★
難度系數(shù)：★★★
When I returned from a trip abroad，I sensed that something was wrong between Bill，one of my two sons，and me.So I asked him，“Bill，have I done anything that really
__1__
your feelings？”
Immediately，he said，“Yes.Last Christmas you promised us a special
__2__
that we really wanted but you __3__ gave it to us.”
The __4__
was that I'd completely forgotten about it.I __5__，“Is there anything else I've done wrong，but I haven't apologized for？”
Again，his __6__
was immediate，“Remember last Christmas when Mom said you had to go to the __7__ because Kate，my little sister，was going to be born? You left us at home and __8__
in a hurry.Remember？”
“Well，you left and __9__
the suitcase.” I couldn't believe he __10__
all the details! “After you came back from the hospital，you were __11__ to see the suitcase had been opened and __12__ had been thrown all over the place，and then you __13__ me.”
“And you didn't do it？”I asked.
“No，I didn't.I was just searching for my gift.”
My heart sank.I felt __14__.I hugged Bill and asked him to __15__
me.His honesty made me think of my other son，Kevin.Maybe I'd hurt his feelings，too.I went to ask him the __16__ question.Kevin answered as immediately as his
__17__，“Last Christmas you __18__ us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”
__19__
Christmas had passed，I took my two sons to the store that day and bought them what I had promised.The
__20__
thing wasn't the toy.The problem was that I had made a promise too rashly (輕率地) and didn't keep it as their father.
【語篇解讀】 這是篇夾敘夾議的記敘文。作者答應圣誕節(jié)給兒子買玩具，可是并沒有遵守諾言，這讓兒子非常不滿。文章通過作者和兒子不經(jīng)意間的交流，使人們認識到在家庭教育中“言出必行”的重要性。
1．A.showed
B．hurt
C．a(chǎn)ttended
D．expressed
答案 B [由上文的“I sensed that something was wrong between Bill ...and me”可知，此處表示“我”想知道自己做了什么事情“傷害”了兒子。文章倒數(shù)第二段的“I'd hurt his feelings，too”也是提示。]
2．A.candy
B．book
C．picture
D．toy
答案 D [由下文倒數(shù)第二段中的“Last Christmas you __18__us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”可知，“我”曾經(jīng)許諾給兒子買“玩具”。]
3．A.never
B．often
C．a(chǎn)lways
D．ever
答案 A [由下文的“I'd completely forgotten about it”以及Kevin的話“...but you forgot about it.”可知，“我從沒有”給兒子買曾經(jīng)許諾過的玩具。]
4．A.challenge
B．message
C．idea
D．fact
答案 D [該句的意思是：“事實”是“我”完全忘記了這件事情，所以用fact。]
5．A.complained
B．a(chǎn)pologizedC．continued
D．explained
答案 C [根據(jù)空格后面的內(nèi)容可知，“我接著”問問題，所以C正確。]
6．A.suggestion
B．a(chǎn)nswer
C．a(chǎn)ction
D．blame
答案 B [本段中的again是關鍵詞，與上文的“Immediately，he said”呼應。此處要表示的是Bill 立即“回答”了“我”的第二個問題。]
7．A.hospital
B．church
C．school
D．garden
答案 A [根據(jù)“凱特要出生”的事實，再聯(lián)系第五段中的“Afer you came back from the hospital”可知此處表示要去“醫(yī)院”。]
8．A.settled down
B．went onC．set off
D．got up
答案 C [由in a hurry以及下一段的left可知，“我”應該是“出發(fā)，動身 (set off)”。]
9．A.replaced
B．forgot
C．brought
D．opened
答案 B [“我”急匆匆地離開家， “忘了”帶手提箱。]
10．A.knew
B．imaginedC．discovered
D．remembered
答案 D [Bill能如此清晰地“記得”這些細節(jié)，這使“我”大為驚訝。]
11．A.angry
B．worried
C．happy
D．satisfied
答案 A [根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可推知這里應該是“生氣，惱火”。]
12．A.nothing
B．somebody
C．everything
D．nobody
答案 C [根據(jù)下文“thrown all over the place”可推知，應該是“所有的東西”都被翻了出來。]
13．A.praised
B．punished
C．helped
D．educated
答案 B [“我”回到家，發(fā)現(xiàn)手提箱被打開了，東西扔得滿地都是，大為惱火，于是“懲罰”了Bill。]
14．A.terrible
B．hopeless
C．inspired
D．encouraged
答案 A [根據(jù)上文的“My heart sank”可知，后面是“I felt terrible”；hopeless表示“絕望”，不符合語境。]
15．A.support
B．criticize
C．suspect
D．forgive
答案 D [由兒子的回答可知，“我”錯怪了兒子，所以請他“原諒我”。]
16．A.easy
B．direct
C．same
D．funny
答案 C [由下文Kevin的回答“Last Christmas you __18__ us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”可知，“我”問了他“同樣的”問題。]
17．A.mother
B．brother
C．sister
D．father
答案 B [Kevin回答得和他哥哥一樣迅速。]
18．A.bought
B．borrowed
C．left
D．promised
答案 D [由第二段中的“Last Christmas you promised us a special __2__that...”可知，去年圣誕節(jié)，“我”曾經(jīng)“許諾”給兒子買玩具。]
19．A.Though
B．Because
C．Since
D．Until
答案 A [“盡管”圣誕節(jié)過去了，但是“我”還是帶著兩個兒子去商店買了“我”許諾過的東西。]
