托福閱讀句子簡(jiǎn)化題解題方法
句子簡(jiǎn)化題主要考察我們的paraphrase（在此可以簡(jiǎn)單理解為用比原文簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言來(lái)替換原文）的能力。因此原文句式結(jié)構(gòu)往往比較復(fù)雜，詞匯相對(duì)比較高級(jí)，而且需要我們有比較強(qiáng)的邏輯分析能力。正確選項(xiàng)往往會(huì)在句子結(jié)構(gòu)，語(yǔ)法以及詞匯上做改動(dòng)，比如主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，復(fù)合句變成簡(jiǎn)單句，同義詞改寫。但是我們也不要被它嚇到，只要我們有一定詞匯基礎(chǔ)（四級(jí)就可以），并掌握其解題技巧，正確解答此題還是不難的。
句子簡(jiǎn)化題的主要解題步驟是：
1.分析原句的邏輯關(guān)系，比如：轉(zhuǎn)折，讓步，遞進(jìn)，對(duì)比，等等。
2.掃描選項(xiàng)是否有對(duì)應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系，如果不一樣，立即排除該選項(xiàng)。
3.劃出原句的核心詞匯及概念，這些詞往往是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者：主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)作：謂語(yǔ)，以及動(dòng)作的接受者：賓語(yǔ)。
4.把剩下的選項(xiàng)和原文進(jìn)行快速比對(duì)，作出正確選擇。
例1：Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
?? Some people have argued that the Pacific was settled by traders who became lost while transporting domesticated plants and animals.
?? The original Polynesian settlers were probably marooned on the islands, but they may have been joined later by carefully prepared colonization expeditions.
?? Although it seems reasonable to believe that colonization expeditions would set out fully stocked, this is contradicted by much of the evidence.
?? The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed.
Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.
首先我們分析原句：Contrary to是一個(gè)明顯的對(duì)比，掃描選項(xiàng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)2有明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折和選項(xiàng)3是讓步關(guān)系，和原文邏輯不符，因此我們可以快速排除選項(xiàng)2和3. 接下來(lái)我們開始劃出原文的核心詞匯，也就是這句話的主旨：Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. 比對(duì)選項(xiàng)， The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)colonization換成了settltement, deliberate換成了intentional, contrary to 換成了rather than, 由此我們可以確定答案為選項(xiàng)4。
備考階段建議考生在解答句子簡(jiǎn)化題的時(shí)候要學(xué)會(huì)抓邏輯關(guān)系詞，分析句子主干成分。我們可以通過(guò)平時(shí)多分析長(zhǎng)句難句，增強(qiáng)對(duì)句法結(jié)構(gòu)的敏感度，便能在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)解決這種相對(duì)比較費(fèi)時(shí)和有難度的題型。
句子簡(jiǎn)化題主要考察我們的paraphrase（在此可以簡(jiǎn)單理解為用比原文簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言來(lái)替換原文）的能力。因此原文句式結(jié)構(gòu)往往比較復(fù)雜，詞匯相對(duì)比較高級(jí)，而且需要我們有比較強(qiáng)的邏輯分析能力。正確選項(xiàng)往往會(huì)在句子結(jié)構(gòu)，語(yǔ)法以及詞匯上做改動(dòng)，比如主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，復(fù)合句變成簡(jiǎn)單句，同義詞改寫。但是我們也不要被它嚇到，只要我們有一定詞匯基礎(chǔ)（四級(jí)就可以），并掌握其解題技巧，正確解答此題還是不難的。
句子簡(jiǎn)化題的主要解題步驟是：
1.分析原句的邏輯關(guān)系，比如：轉(zhuǎn)折，讓步，遞進(jìn)，對(duì)比，等等。
2.掃描選項(xiàng)是否有對(duì)應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系，如果不一樣，立即排除該選項(xiàng)。
3.劃出原句的核心詞匯及概念，這些詞往往是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者：主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)作：謂語(yǔ)，以及動(dòng)作的接受者：賓語(yǔ)。
4.把剩下的選項(xiàng)和原文進(jìn)行快速比對(duì)，作出正確選擇。
例1：Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
?? Some people have argued that the Pacific was settled by traders who became lost while transporting domesticated plants and animals.
?? The original Polynesian settlers were probably marooned on the islands, but they may have been joined later by carefully prepared colonization expeditions.
?? Although it seems reasonable to believe that colonization expeditions would set out fully stocked, this is contradicted by much of the evidence.
?? The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed.
Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.
首先我們分析原句：Contrary to是一個(gè)明顯的對(duì)比，掃描選項(xiàng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)2有明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折和選項(xiàng)3是讓步關(guān)系，和原文邏輯不符，因此我們可以快速排除選項(xiàng)2和3. 接下來(lái)我們開始劃出原文的核心詞匯，也就是這句話的主旨：Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. 比對(duì)選項(xiàng)， The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)colonization換成了settltement, deliberate換成了intentional, contrary to 換成了rather than, 由此我們可以確定答案為選項(xiàng)4。
備考階段建議考生在解答句子簡(jiǎn)化題的時(shí)候要學(xué)會(huì)抓邏輯關(guān)系詞，分析句子主干成分。我們可以通過(guò)平時(shí)多分析長(zhǎng)句難句，增強(qiáng)對(duì)句法結(jié)構(gòu)的敏感度，便能在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)解決這種相對(duì)比較費(fèi)時(shí)和有難度的題型。
