大學英語四級完形填空過關(guān)必備題型精講3
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked , , and on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage tubes surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, known as tympanostomy, may not be as 67 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 68 as the nation s leading childhood 69 and a new study suggests it s being vastly overused. In 70 more than 6,000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 71 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. Each year , the researchers write in the
current Journal of the American Medical Association , several hundred thousand children in the United States may be 72 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 73 ...and may place them at increased 74 .
Tube placement isn t a 75 risky procedure, but it costs $1,000 to $1,500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 76 . Studies show that the
benefits are most likely to 77 the risks ifa child s middle ear has produced sticky fluid 78 more than four months despite treatment 79 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is Usually a 80 , safer alternative . In the new JAMA study, Kleinman s team reviewed the medical charts of 6,429 kids, all under 16, 81 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making generous assumptions about the likely 82 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 83 , since less invasive alternatives were available, 84 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them. Parents needn t 85 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 86 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year.
67.
rare
common
general
abnormal
68.
considers
altemates
ranges
ranks
69.
operation
disease
condition
injection
70.
finding
reviewing
amending
performing
71.
controlled
conducted
legitimated
led
72.
receiving
accepting
undertaking
initiating
73.
disadvantage
agreement
advantage
hortcoming
74.
bottom
risk
edge
extent
75.
subtly
hopefully
merely
terribly
76.
feeling
hearing
health
memory
77.
outfit
outflow
outweigh
outgrow
78.
for
on
in
to
79.
by
upon
with
along
80
expensive
faster
further
cheaper
81.
which
whose
that
who
82.
risks
dangers
chances
benefits
83.
inappropriate
favorable
preferable
inadequate
84.
where
when
whether
while
85.
outrage
panic
complain
protest
86.
lively
quickly
successfully
formally
文章精要
文章指出，每年美國有超過50萬的兒童接受鼓膜管置放于術(shù)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在兒童手術(shù)中排在了第一位。一項新的研究表明這個手術(shù)已經(jīng)被極大地過度使用。
67.B詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰渥右馑紴椋涸?0世紀40年代的時候，這個手術(shù)可能不像扁桃腺切除術(shù)，但是 common符合句意，所以B正確。
68.D詞義辨析題。由空格后的leading可知，鼓膜管置放術(shù)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)位于全國的第一位，所以rank符合句意，D正確。consider主語應該是人，這里應該用被動語態(tài)，所以排除;range表示 排列，把 排列成行 ，如：She ranged the books neatly on the desk.她把書整齊地排放在桌子上。
69.A詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋汗哪す苤梅判g(shù)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是位于全國第一位的孩童時期的______。由此可知，空格所填詞的內(nèi)涵包括鼓膜管置放術(shù)，operation符合句意，所以A正確。
70.B詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋涸赺_______6千多手例術(shù)中，一組專家發(fā)現(xiàn)少于一半的人接受的治療是正當?shù)?。reviewin9符合句意，所以B正確。amend意為 修正，改進 。
71.D詞義辨析題。由空格后的by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman可知，這個專家組是由Lawrence Kleinman帶頭的，led符合句意，所以D正確。
72.A詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋好磕昝绹袛?shù)十萬的孩子可能_______這種手術(shù)。再看選項可知，空格內(nèi)應該是 接受 。receive只表示被動地接受;accept表示主動而且高興地接受，所以A正確。
73.C詞義辨析題。前面提到只有少于一半的人接受的手術(shù)治療是恰當?shù)?，所以可知空格處所在從句意思應該是說這個手術(shù)對他們沒有什么好處，所以C正確。shortcomin9意為 缺點，短處 。
74.B詞義辨析題。同上題分析，這種手術(shù)不僅對他們沒什么好處，還可能增加他們的風險，所以B正確。edge意為 邊緣;優(yōu)勢 。
75.D詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰渥右馑紴椋褐踩雽Ч懿⒉皇且粋€________風險的手術(shù)，但是需花費1000到1500美元，而且有時候還會 terribly符合句意，所以D正確。subtly意為 敏銳地;精細地 ;merely意為 僅僅，只 。
76.B詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋?有時候還會弄傷耳膜，導致喪失部分________。hearin9符合句意，所以B正確。
77.C詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋貉芯勘砻?，益處極可能____________風險，如果孩子的中耳能 由此可見，句子是用益處和風險作比較，outweigh符合句意，所以C正確。outfit意為 配備，裝備 ;outflow意為 流出 ;outgrow意為 長出 。
78.A慣用搭配題?？崭窈笫莔ore than four months，四個選項都可以接表示時間的詞或短語：on接表示時間點的詞;in表示在將來的時間里發(fā)生;t0表示到 時間;for表示一段時間，所以A正確。
79.C詞義辨析題。空格所在短語意思是：用抗生素的治療。with符合句意，所以C正確。
80.D詞義辨析題。空格后是逗號，然后是safer，由此可知，空格和safer是并列的關(guān)系，所以應該是形容詞比較級，排除A;關(guān)于治療的快慢文章前面沒有提到，排除B、C;文章前面提到治療費用比較高，所以此處可能指更便宜一些，所以D正確。
81.B語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?？崭袷菑木涞囊龑г~，根據(jù)句意可知，是這些孩子的醫(yī)生建議他們做這個手術(shù)，所以whose符合句意，B正確。
82.D詞義辨析題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，文章主要論述這種手術(shù)的好處和壞處，選項中A、B同義，所以排除，D正確。
83.A詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這些被建議的手術(shù)中有四分之一是________，由前面的even可知，空格處是指這些手術(shù)不好的方面，inappropriate符合句意，所以A正確。inadequate是指 不充分的，不充足的 。
84.D邏輯銜接題?？崭袼诰渥右馑际牵篲_______另外三分之一很可能像幫助接受手術(shù)治療的人們一樣去傷害他們。由此可見，這里的三分之一是和前面提到的四分之一相對應的，所以while符合句意，D正確。
85.B詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋杭议L們不用對已經(jīng)植入耳內(nèi)的導管感到________。結(jié)合后面可知，panic符合句意，所以B正確。outrage意為 凌辱;引起義憤 。
86.C詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：一旦________植入以后，這種小裝置就能排泄半年到一年的時間 可見這正是成功植入后的效果，所以C正確。formally意為 正式地，形式上 。
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked , , and on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage tubes surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, known as tympanostomy, may not be as 67 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 68 as the nation s leading childhood 69 and a new study suggests it s being vastly overused. In 70 more than 6,000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 71 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. Each year , the researchers write in the
current Journal of the American Medical Association , several hundred thousand children in the United States may be 72 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 73 ...and may place them at increased 74 .
Tube placement isn t a 75 risky procedure, but it costs $1,000 to $1,500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 76 . Studies show that the
benefits are most likely to 77 the risks ifa child s middle ear has produced sticky fluid 78 more than four months despite treatment 79 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is Usually a 80 , safer alternative . In the new JAMA study, Kleinman s team reviewed the medical charts of 6,429 kids, all under 16, 81 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making generous assumptions about the likely 82 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 83 , since less invasive alternatives were available, 84 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them. Parents needn t 85 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 86 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year.
67.
rare
common
general
abnormal
68.
considers
altemates
ranges
ranks
69.
operation
disease
condition
injection
70.
finding
reviewing
amending
performing
71.
controlled
conducted
legitimated
led
72.
receiving
accepting
undertaking
initiating
73.
disadvantage
agreement
advantage
hortcoming
74.
bottom
risk
edge
extent
75.
subtly
hopefully
merely
terribly
76.
feeling
hearing
health
memory
77.
outfit
outflow
outweigh
outgrow
78.
for
on
in
to
79.
by
upon
with
along
80
expensive
faster
further
cheaper
81.
which
whose
that
who
82.
risks
dangers
chances
benefits
83.
inappropriate
favorable
preferable
inadequate
84.
where
when
whether
while
85.
outrage
panic
complain
protest
86.
lively
quickly
successfully
formally
文章精要
文章指出，每年美國有超過50萬的兒童接受鼓膜管置放于術(shù)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在兒童手術(shù)中排在了第一位。一項新的研究表明這個手術(shù)已經(jīng)被極大地過度使用。
67.B詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰渥右馑紴椋涸?0世紀40年代的時候，這個手術(shù)可能不像扁桃腺切除術(shù)，但是 common符合句意，所以B正確。
68.D詞義辨析題。由空格后的leading可知，鼓膜管置放術(shù)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)位于全國的第一位，所以rank符合句意，D正確。consider主語應該是人，這里應該用被動語態(tài)，所以排除;range表示 排列，把 排列成行 ，如：She ranged the books neatly on the desk.她把書整齊地排放在桌子上。
69.A詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋汗哪す苤梅判g(shù)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是位于全國第一位的孩童時期的______。由此可知，空格所填詞的內(nèi)涵包括鼓膜管置放術(shù)，operation符合句意，所以A正確。
70.B詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋涸赺_______6千多手例術(shù)中，一組專家發(fā)現(xiàn)少于一半的人接受的治療是正當?shù)?。reviewin9符合句意，所以B正確。amend意為 修正，改進 。
71.D詞義辨析題。由空格后的by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman可知，這個專家組是由Lawrence Kleinman帶頭的，led符合句意，所以D正確。
72.A詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋好磕昝绹袛?shù)十萬的孩子可能_______這種手術(shù)。再看選項可知，空格內(nèi)應該是 接受 。receive只表示被動地接受;accept表示主動而且高興地接受，所以A正確。
73.C詞義辨析題。前面提到只有少于一半的人接受的手術(shù)治療是恰當?shù)?，所以可知空格處所在從句意思應該是說這個手術(shù)對他們沒有什么好處，所以C正確。shortcomin9意為 缺點，短處 。
74.B詞義辨析題。同上題分析，這種手術(shù)不僅對他們沒什么好處，還可能增加他們的風險，所以B正確。edge意為 邊緣;優(yōu)勢 。
75.D詞義辨析題。空格所在句子意思為：植入導管并不是一個________風險的手術(shù)，但是需花費1000到1500美元，而且有時候還會 terribly符合句意，所以D正確。subtly意為 敏銳地;精細地 ;merely意為 僅僅，只 。
76.B詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為： 有時候還會弄傷耳膜，導致喪失部分________。hearin9符合句意，所以B正確。
77.C詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椋貉芯勘砻?，益處極可能____________風險，如果孩子的中耳能 由此可見，句子是用益處和風險作比較，outweigh符合句意，所以C正確。outfit意為 配備，裝備 ;outflow意為 流出 ;outgrow意為 長出 。
78.A慣用搭配題。空格后是more than four months，四個選項都可以接表示時間的詞或短語：on接表示時間點的詞;in表示在將來的時間里發(fā)生;t0表示到 時間;for表示一段時間，所以A正確。
79.C詞義辨析題?？崭袼诙陶Z意思是：用抗生素的治療。with符合句意，所以C正確。
80.D詞義辨析題。空格后是逗號，然后是safer，由此可知，空格和safer是并列的關(guān)系，所以應該是形容詞比較級，排除A;關(guān)于治療的快慢文章前面沒有提到，排除B、C;文章前面提到治療費用比較高，所以此處可能指更便宜一些，所以D正確。
81.B語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?？崭袷菑木涞囊龑г~，根據(jù)句意可知，是這些孩子的醫(yī)生建議他們做這個手術(shù)，所以whose符合句意，B正確。
82.D詞義辨析題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，文章主要論述這種手術(shù)的好處和壞處，選項中A、B同義，所以排除，D正確。
83.A詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這些被建議的手術(shù)中有四分之一是________，由前面的even可知，空格處是指這些手術(shù)不好的方面，inappropriate符合句意，所以A正確。inadequate是指 不充分的，不充足的 。
84.D邏輯銜接題?？崭袼诰渥右馑际牵篲_______另外三分之一很可能像幫助接受手術(shù)治療的人們一樣去傷害他們。由此可見，這里的三分之一是和前面提到的四分之一相對應的，所以while符合句意，D正確。
85.B詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：家長們不用對已經(jīng)植入耳內(nèi)的導管感到________。結(jié)合后面可知，panic符合句意，所以B正確。outrage意為 凌辱;引起義憤 。
86.C詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：一旦________植入以后，這種小裝置就能排泄半年到一年的時間 可見這正是成功植入后的效果，所以C正確。formally意為 正式地，形式上 。
