2023考研英語閱讀非常蟑螂
Flipping roaches
非常蟑螂
How cockroaches vanish.
蟑螂是怎么消失不見的?
ANYONE who has tried to swat a cockroach willknow those insects strange ability, in the heat ofpursuit, to disappear. Robert Full and his colleaguesat the University of California, Berkeley, have now worked out how they do this-and taught aminiature robot to copy the feat.
只要打過蟑螂的都知道它們特殊的本領(lǐng)往往在追趕最激烈的時候突然消失不見了。加州大學伯克利分校的Robert Full和他的同事現(xiàn)在已明白它們是怎么做到的，并用一個微型機器人模擬了這個過程。
Dr Full had been using high-speed photography to study how cockroaches employ theirantennae to sense and cross gaps. When the researchers made the gaps wider, they saw theanimals flipping back underneath the ledge at the edge of the gap, rather than jumping acrossthe empty space. As they report in the Public Library of Science, cockroaches running towardsa gap suddenly grip the edge with the hooklike claws on their rear legs and swing 180 toland firmly underneath the ledge, upside down. They can pull off this stunt in a fifth of asecond-so fast that the animals bodies are subject to between three and five times the forceof gravity, and also so fast that the movement is invisible to the human eye.
Full博士運用了高速攝影技術(shù)來研究蟑螂是如何使觸須去感知和穿過縫隙。當研究者把縫隙擴寬，發(fā)現(xiàn)蟑螂直接在縫隙邊緣翻轉(zhuǎn)下去，而不是跳過縫隙，正如《科學公共圖書館》所報道的那樣，蟑螂先迅速沖向縫隙，然后用后腿上的鉤狀爪子抓住邊緣，順勢擺動180，頭朝下牢牢抓住平板底部。它們能在0.2秒內(nèi)完成這項絕技，這么快的速度蟑螂的身體要承受3到5倍的重力加速度，也正是由于這么快的移動速度才讓人類難以發(fā)現(xiàn)。
Dr Full and his colleagues have since identified similar behaviour in other animals withhooklike toes that are good at escaping pursuit: geckos, for example. They have also teamedup with members of Berkeley s robotics laboratory to program a small six-legged robot thathas strips of Velcro attached to its rear legs to do the same trick. Such a robot could be fittedwith a camera and used as a surveillance device. Some people, though, might prefer it to befitted with a miniature machinegun and used as a UCPV .
Full博士和同事后來又發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他具有類似特性的生物，它們同樣具有鉤狀的腳趾并擅長逃離追殺，比如壁虎。他們也與伯克利分校機器人實驗室合作，設(shè)計了一只小型六腳機器人，然后把魔術(shù)貼粘在機器人的后腿上，最后成功完成了類似動作。這種機器人可以用來裝配相機作為監(jiān)視裝置，盡管如此，一些人更希望它裝配微型機槍變成自動蟑螂捕殺器。
Flipping roaches
非常蟑螂
How cockroaches vanish.
蟑螂是怎么消失不見的?
ANYONE who has tried to swat a cockroach willknow those insects strange ability, in the heat ofpursuit, to disappear. Robert Full and his colleaguesat the University of California, Berkeley, have now worked out how they do this-and taught aminiature robot to copy the feat.
只要打過蟑螂的都知道它們特殊的本領(lǐng)往往在追趕最激烈的時候突然消失不見了。加州大學伯克利分校的Robert Full和他的同事現(xiàn)在已明白它們是怎么做到的，并用一個微型機器人模擬了這個過程。
Dr Full had been using high-speed photography to study how cockroaches employ theirantennae to sense and cross gaps. When the researchers made the gaps wider, they saw theanimals flipping back underneath the ledge at the edge of the gap, rather than jumping acrossthe empty space. As they report in the Public Library of Science, cockroaches running towardsa gap suddenly grip the edge with the hooklike claws on their rear legs and swing 180 toland firmly underneath the ledge, upside down. They can pull off this stunt in a fifth of asecond-so fast that the animals bodies are subject to between three and five times the forceof gravity, and also so fast that the movement is invisible to the human eye.
Full博士運用了高速攝影技術(shù)來研究蟑螂是如何使觸須去感知和穿過縫隙。當研究者把縫隙擴寬，發(fā)現(xiàn)蟑螂直接在縫隙邊緣翻轉(zhuǎn)下去，而不是跳過縫隙，正如《科學公共圖書館》所報道的那樣，蟑螂先迅速沖向縫隙，然后用后腿上的鉤狀爪子抓住邊緣，順勢擺動180，頭朝下牢牢抓住平板底部。它們能在0.2秒內(nèi)完成這項絕技，這么快的速度蟑螂的身體要承受3到5倍的重力加速度，也正是由于這么快的移動速度才讓人類難以發(fā)現(xiàn)。
Dr Full and his colleagues have since identified similar behaviour in other animals withhooklike toes that are good at escaping pursuit: geckos, for example. They have also teamedup with members of Berkeley s robotics laboratory to program a small six-legged robot thathas strips of Velcro attached to its rear legs to do the same trick. Such a robot could be fittedwith a camera and used as a surveillance device. Some people, though, might prefer it to befitted with a miniature machinegun and used as a UCPV .
Full博士和同事后來又發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他具有類似特性的生物，它們同樣具有鉤狀的腳趾并擅長逃離追殺，比如壁虎。他們也與伯克利分校機器人實驗室合作，設(shè)計了一只小型六腳機器人，然后把魔術(shù)貼粘在機器人的后腿上，最后成功完成了類似動作。這種機器人可以用來裝配相機作為監(jiān)視裝置，盡管如此，一些人更希望它裝配微型機槍變成自動蟑螂捕殺器。
