2023考研英語(yǔ)閱讀航空公司聯(lián)盟
Airline alliances
航空公司聯(lián)盟
The airmiles-high clubs
高空俱樂(lè)部
Three airline alliances cover most of theworldwhere do they go next?
三家航空公司聯(lián)盟已然覆蓋了整個(gè)世界-接下來(lái)何去何從呢?
FOR businesspeople who spend much of their time in the air, the three global airlineclubsStar Alliance, oneworld and SkyTeamare all about such goodies as frequent-flyerpoints and access to comfy lounges.
對(duì)于那些成天飛來(lái)飛去的商務(wù)人士來(lái)說(shuō)，提到星空聯(lián)盟、環(huán)宇一家、天合聯(lián)盟這三家全球航空俱樂(lè)部就意味著飛行常客獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)點(diǎn)數(shù)和貴賓室待遇。
For the airlines that belong to them, the main benefit is that the other members hook themup with lots of passengers seeking connecting flights, helping them to fill their planes.
而對(duì)于那些航空公司聯(lián)盟成員而言，最大的好處就是聯(lián)盟成員可以相互之間把那些轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)乘客的航線(xiàn)關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)，來(lái)增加客座率。
Since the alliances started in the late 1990s, they have steadily signed up new members.
航空聯(lián)盟成立于90年代后期，并不斷穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展新的聯(lián)盟成員。
Until recently SkyTeam, which includes Air France, KLM and Delta, was the laggard.
雖然最近天合聯(lián)盟發(fā)展慢了下來(lái)，但它已經(jīng)收獲頗豐，
But it has gained altitude by signing, among others, China Eastern and China Southern, twoof China s big three carriers.
尤其是簽了中國(guó)三大航空巨頭其中的兩家，中國(guó)東方航空公司和中國(guó)南方航空公司。
Star Alliance, which includes Lufthansa, United-Continental and Singapore Airlines, remainsthe biggest, having signed up Air China, the third of the mainland s big three.
星空聯(lián)盟依然是規(guī)模最大的，包括了德國(guó)漢莎航空公司、美國(guó)聯(lián)合航空及大陸航空聯(lián)營(yíng)公司、新加坡航空公司，并簽約了大陸三巨頭之一的中國(guó)國(guó)際航空公司。
One world, which includes British Airways, American Airlines, Iberia and Cathay Pacific, willsoon welcome aboard India s Kingfisher.
環(huán)宇一家則包括英國(guó)航空公司、美國(guó)航空公司、利比亞航空公司以及國(guó)泰航空公司，同時(shí)也即將迎來(lái)印度翠鳥(niǎo)航空的加盟。
Now there are few big network airlines left to be nabbed.
現(xiàn)如今剩下的幾家擁有大型航空網(wǎng)絡(luò)的航空公司成了搶手貨。
The juiciest prize still on offer is LATAM, a giant to be formed next year through a merger ofBrazil s TAM and Chile s LAN, which will dominate the skies of South America.
最讓人垂涎欲滴的就是拉美航空公司，是將在明年由巴西天馬航空公司和智利航空公司合并成的一個(gè)龐然大物，并成為南美洲天空的霸主。
TAM now belongs to Star and LAN to one world, but regulators will force the merged carrier tochoose.
現(xiàn)在天馬航空是星空聯(lián)盟的成員而智利航空是環(huán)宇一家的成員，但是監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)將強(qiáng)制合并后的公司選擇其中一家聯(lián)盟。
Star has already signed up two Latin American rivals, AviancaTaca and Copa, but it is notimpossible to imagine it jilting either of these, if that were necessary to be allowed to admitLATAM.
盡管星空聯(lián)盟已經(jīng)簽約了拉美航空市場(chǎng)的另外兩個(gè)玩家，中美洲航空公司和巴拿馬航空公司，但是不難想象的是為了拉美航空公司的加盟，如果必要的話(huà)星空聯(lián)盟將舍棄其中一家。
One world needs LATAM even more: as the only alliance to lack a member in Chinese mainland,it cannot afford to drop two BRICs.
環(huán)宇一家更是對(duì)拉美航空公司青眼有加，因?yàn)樽鳛槲ㄒ灰粋€(gè)沒(méi)有中國(guó)大陸航空公司加盟的航空聯(lián)盟，它無(wú)法承擔(dān)失去兩個(gè)金磚四國(guó)成員的航空市場(chǎng)。
In India s big but chaotic market, oneworld is sorted, but Star and SkyTeam are said to bechasing Jet Airways.
印度是一個(gè)巨大而混亂的市場(chǎng)，環(huán)宇一家還在考察，但據(jù)說(shuō)星空聯(lián)盟和天合聯(lián)盟已開(kāi)始爭(zhēng)奪捷特航空公司。
Star spent years negotiating with Air India, the deeply troubled flag-carrier, butsuspended talks in July.
星空聯(lián)盟已經(jīng)花費(fèi)數(shù)年和陷入運(yùn)營(yíng)困境的國(guó)家航運(yùn)公司-印度航空公司談判，但是7月份的時(shí)候卻中止了對(duì)話(huà)。
The Arabian Gulf s three superconnectorsEmirates, Etihad and Qatarare unsigned, butare growing so quickly that they see little need for allies.
阿拉伯海灣的三家超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)卻沒(méi)簽約加盟，包括酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)航空公司、阿提哈德航空和卡塔爾航空，它們迅速擴(kuò)張似乎并不怎么需要聯(lián)盟。
That leaves just a few independent carriers with long-haul networks.
那么就剩下為數(shù)不多的幾家擁有長(zhǎng)途航線(xiàn)的航運(yùn)公司可選擇了。
Virgin Atlantic is one: its bid to buy bmi, Lufthansa s money-losing British offshoot, seems tohave failed, with BA s parent company the likely buyer.
英國(guó)維珍大西洋航空公司就是其中一家，它對(duì)英倫航空的競(jìng)標(biāo)看起來(lái)是沒(méi)戲了，因?yàn)橛?guó)航空公司的母公司想要收構(gòu)英倫航空。
The question is whether Virgin can continue in splendid isolation when all around it are in cosyco-operation.
關(guān)鍵是維珍航空還能繼續(xù)光榮獨(dú)立么，而周遭都是安逸的協(xié)同合作。
Somewhat like the European Union, the alliances have variable geometry:
這有些像歐盟，聯(lián)盟采用可變機(jī)翼的原則：
members do not have to join all initiatives, and non-members sometimes take part inselected activities.
聯(lián)盟成員不必響應(yīng)所有的活動(dòng)，而非聯(lián)盟成員則可以參加特定的活動(dòng)。
Each alliance has at its core a group of carriers which pool their flights in the hugetransatlantic market.
在巨大的跨大西洋市場(chǎng)里，每個(gè)聯(lián)盟都有自己的一組核心成員把各自的班機(jī)放在一起聯(lián)合運(yùn)營(yíng)。
America s Department of Transportation has given these ventures immunity from antitrustprosecution.
美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部給予這些合企業(yè)反壟斷起訴的豁免權(quán)。
The European Commission has approved oneworld s transatlantic venture, with conditions,but is still investigating the other two.
歐盟委員會(huì)已經(jīng)有條件的批準(zhǔn)了環(huán)宇一家的跨大西洋合資公司，但還在審查另外兩家的申請(qǐng)。
A report by London-based Aviation Economics notes that the transatlantic ventures are a goodsource of profits in an otherwise hard marketbut if they start to look too successful,regulators may get tougher.
一份來(lái)自倫敦航空經(jīng)濟(jì)研究報(bào)告所示，跨大西洋合資公司在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的市場(chǎng)能有效的產(chǎn)生利潤(rùn)，但一旦它們過(guò)分高調(diào)的話(huà)，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)就會(huì)變得強(qiáng)硬起來(lái)。
The alliances have encouraged their members to co-operate on such things as buying cabininteriors, to obtain better prices from suppliers.
這些聯(lián)盟都鼓勵(lì)它們的成員通類(lèi)似于團(tuán)購(gòu)座艙內(nèi)飾等方式來(lái)合作，以便從供應(yīng)商處獲得更便宜的價(jià)格。
But progress is slow: only a handful of Star members are taking part in its project to buyaircraft seats jointly.
但是進(jìn)展卻很緩慢，只有很少量的星空聯(lián)盟的成員參與了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目來(lái)聯(lián)合購(gòu)買(mǎi)飛機(jī)座位。
A consultant to one of the alliances says he has spent two years trying to persuade itsmembers to agree on a joint check-in desk at one airport.
一位來(lái)自其中一個(gè)聯(lián)盟的的咨詢(xún)顧問(wèn)聲稱(chēng)他用了2年的時(shí)間嘗試去說(shuō)服聯(lián)盟成員在機(jī)場(chǎng)建立一個(gè)聯(lián)合登機(jī)手續(xù)辦理窗口。
SkyTeam s boss, Michael Wisbrun,
而天合聯(lián)盟的老板邁克爾?威斯布倫說(shuō)，
says even simple stuff like this saves a lot of money, so he is urging his member airlines tomake it their priority.
類(lèi)似于這些看似簡(jiǎn)單的改變將節(jié)省大筆費(fèi)用; 因此他一直敦促其聯(lián)盟成員優(yōu)先去做這些事情。
As the alliances struggle both to broaden and deepen further, they face being unpicked bytheir customers, as ever more of them build their own flight itineraries using online portals,which can result in big savings.
這些航空聯(lián)盟都在盡力拓寬拓深其業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域，然而他們卻要面臨客戶(hù)流失的問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越多的人通過(guò)在線(xiàn)網(wǎng)站來(lái)安排自己的飛行旅程來(lái)節(jié)省開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。
Oneworld s boss, Bruce Ashby, says the alliances are aimed at offering seamless service tobusiness flyers who care more about convenience than price.
環(huán)宇一家的老板布魯斯.阿什比聲稱(chēng)聯(lián)盟志在為那些視便捷性甚于價(jià)格的商務(wù)人士提供無(wú)縫服務(wù)。
The trouble is, such passengers are also sensitive to the big variations that still existbetween each alliance s member airlines.
不過(guò)麻煩的是，這類(lèi)乘客對(duì)于同一個(gè)聯(lián)盟內(nèi)的不同航空公司的巨大差異非常敏感。
Those used to plush Asian and European business-class cabins are often dismayed when theytransfer to their airline s American alliance partner, where the service is poorerandhorrorsthe seats don t always convert to fully flat beds.
那些習(xí)慣于亞洲和歐洲的豪華商務(wù)艙的人士，當(dāng)他們被轉(zhuǎn)到聯(lián)盟內(nèi)的美國(guó)航班時(shí)總是很失望，因?yàn)檫@些航班服務(wù)很差而且更惱火的的是有時(shí)候座椅居然不能轉(zhuǎn)成躺椅模式。
詞語(yǔ)解釋
1.alliance n.聯(lián)盟;聯(lián)姻
They broke up the alliance.
他們中止了聯(lián)盟。
2.frequent a.頻繁的;經(jīng)常的
My girlfriend writes frequent letters to me.
我的女朋友頻繁地給我寫(xiě)信。
3.lounge n.休息室;候機(jī)室;起居室
We watched television in the hotel lounge.
我們?cè)诼灭^休息室里看電視。
4.carrier n.航空母艦;運(yùn)輸工具
The missile was launched from the aircraft carrier.
導(dǎo)彈是從航空母艦上發(fā)射的。
5.network n.網(wǎng)點(diǎn);網(wǎng)絡(luò)
The fabrics are merchandised through a network of dealers.
通過(guò)經(jīng)銷(xiāo)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)銷(xiāo)售紡織品。
Airline alliances
航空公司聯(lián)盟
The airmiles-high clubs
高空俱樂(lè)部
Three airline alliances cover most of theworldwhere do they go next?
三家航空公司聯(lián)盟已然覆蓋了整個(gè)世界-接下來(lái)何去何從呢?
FOR businesspeople who spend much of their time in the air, the three global airlineclubsStar Alliance, oneworld and SkyTeamare all about such goodies as frequent-flyerpoints and access to comfy lounges.
對(duì)于那些成天飛來(lái)飛去的商務(wù)人士來(lái)說(shuō)，提到星空聯(lián)盟、環(huán)宇一家、天合聯(lián)盟這三家全球航空俱樂(lè)部就意味著飛行?？酮?jiǎng)勵(lì)點(diǎn)數(shù)和貴賓室待遇。
For the airlines that belong to them, the main benefit is that the other members hook themup with lots of passengers seeking connecting flights, helping them to fill their planes.
而對(duì)于那些航空公司聯(lián)盟成員而言，最大的好處就是聯(lián)盟成員可以相互之間把那些轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)乘客的航線(xiàn)關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)，來(lái)增加客座率。
Since the alliances started in the late 1990s, they have steadily signed up new members.
航空聯(lián)盟成立于90年代后期，并不斷穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展新的聯(lián)盟成員。
Until recently SkyTeam, which includes Air France, KLM and Delta, was the laggard.
雖然最近天合聯(lián)盟發(fā)展慢了下來(lái)，但它已經(jīng)收獲頗豐，
But it has gained altitude by signing, among others, China Eastern and China Southern, twoof China s big three carriers.
尤其是簽了中國(guó)三大航空巨頭其中的兩家，中國(guó)東方航空公司和中國(guó)南方航空公司。
Star Alliance, which includes Lufthansa, United-Continental and Singapore Airlines, remainsthe biggest, having signed up Air China, the third of the mainland s big three.
星空聯(lián)盟依然是規(guī)模最大的，包括了德國(guó)漢莎航空公司、美國(guó)聯(lián)合航空及大陸航空聯(lián)營(yíng)公司、新加坡航空公司，并簽約了大陸三巨頭之一的中國(guó)國(guó)際航空公司。
One world, which includes British Airways, American Airlines, Iberia and Cathay Pacific, willsoon welcome aboard India s Kingfisher.
環(huán)宇一家則包括英國(guó)航空公司、美國(guó)航空公司、利比亞航空公司以及國(guó)泰航空公司，同時(shí)也即將迎來(lái)印度翠鳥(niǎo)航空的加盟。
Now there are few big network airlines left to be nabbed.
現(xiàn)如今剩下的幾家擁有大型航空網(wǎng)絡(luò)的航空公司成了搶手貨。
The juiciest prize still on offer is LATAM, a giant to be formed next year through a merger ofBrazil s TAM and Chile s LAN, which will dominate the skies of South America.
最讓人垂涎欲滴的就是拉美航空公司，是將在明年由巴西天馬航空公司和智利航空公司合并成的一個(gè)龐然大物，并成為南美洲天空的霸主。
TAM now belongs to Star and LAN to one world, but regulators will force the merged carrier tochoose.
現(xiàn)在天馬航空是星空聯(lián)盟的成員而智利航空是環(huán)宇一家的成員，但是監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)將強(qiáng)制合并后的公司選擇其中一家聯(lián)盟。
Star has already signed up two Latin American rivals, AviancaTaca and Copa, but it is notimpossible to imagine it jilting either of these, if that were necessary to be allowed to admitLATAM.
盡管星空聯(lián)盟已經(jīng)簽約了拉美航空市場(chǎng)的另外兩個(gè)玩家，中美洲航空公司和巴拿馬航空公司，但是不難想象的是為了拉美航空公司的加盟，如果必要的話(huà)星空聯(lián)盟將舍棄其中一家。
One world needs LATAM even more: as the only alliance to lack a member in Chinese mainland,it cannot afford to drop two BRICs.
環(huán)宇一家更是對(duì)拉美航空公司青眼有加，因?yàn)樽鳛槲ㄒ灰粋€(gè)沒(méi)有中國(guó)大陸航空公司加盟的航空聯(lián)盟，它無(wú)法承擔(dān)失去兩個(gè)金磚四國(guó)成員的航空市場(chǎng)。
In India s big but chaotic market, oneworld is sorted, but Star and SkyTeam are said to bechasing Jet Airways.
印度是一個(gè)巨大而混亂的市場(chǎng)，環(huán)宇一家還在考察，但據(jù)說(shuō)星空聯(lián)盟和天合聯(lián)盟已開(kāi)始爭(zhēng)奪捷特航空公司。
Star spent years negotiating with Air India, the deeply troubled flag-carrier, butsuspended talks in July.
星空聯(lián)盟已經(jīng)花費(fèi)數(shù)年和陷入運(yùn)營(yíng)困境的國(guó)家航運(yùn)公司-印度航空公司談判，但是7月份的時(shí)候卻中止了對(duì)話(huà)。
The Arabian Gulf s three superconnectorsEmirates, Etihad and Qatarare unsigned, butare growing so quickly that they see little need for allies.
阿拉伯海灣的三家超級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)卻沒(méi)簽約加盟，包括酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)航空公司、阿提哈德航空和卡塔爾航空，它們迅速擴(kuò)張似乎并不怎么需要聯(lián)盟。
That leaves just a few independent carriers with long-haul networks.
那么就剩下為數(shù)不多的幾家擁有長(zhǎng)途航線(xiàn)的航運(yùn)公司可選擇了。
Virgin Atlantic is one: its bid to buy bmi, Lufthansa s money-losing British offshoot, seems tohave failed, with BA s parent company the likely buyer.
英國(guó)維珍大西洋航空公司就是其中一家，它對(duì)英倫航空的競(jìng)標(biāo)看起來(lái)是沒(méi)戲了，因?yàn)橛?guó)航空公司的母公司想要收構(gòu)英倫航空。
The question is whether Virgin can continue in splendid isolation when all around it are in cosyco-operation.
關(guān)鍵是維珍航空還能繼續(xù)光榮獨(dú)立么，而周遭都是安逸的協(xié)同合作。
Somewhat like the European Union, the alliances have variable geometry:
這有些像歐盟，聯(lián)盟采用可變機(jī)翼的原則：
members do not have to join all initiatives, and non-members sometimes take part inselected activities.
聯(lián)盟成員不必響應(yīng)所有的活動(dòng)，而非聯(lián)盟成員則可以參加特定的活動(dòng)。
Each alliance has at its core a group of carriers which pool their flights in the hugetransatlantic market.
在巨大的跨大西洋市場(chǎng)里，每個(gè)聯(lián)盟都有自己的一組核心成員把各自的班機(jī)放在一起聯(lián)合運(yùn)營(yíng)。
America s Department of Transportation has given these ventures immunity from antitrustprosecution.
美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部給予這些合企業(yè)反壟斷起訴的豁免權(quán)。
The European Commission has approved oneworld s transatlantic venture, with conditions,but is still investigating the other two.
歐盟委員會(huì)已經(jīng)有條件的批準(zhǔn)了環(huán)宇一家的跨大西洋合資公司，但還在審查另外兩家的申請(qǐng)。
A report by London-based Aviation Economics notes that the transatlantic ventures are a goodsource of profits in an otherwise hard marketbut if they start to look too successful,regulators may get tougher.
一份來(lái)自倫敦航空經(jīng)濟(jì)研究報(bào)告所示，跨大西洋合資公司在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的市場(chǎng)能有效的產(chǎn)生利潤(rùn)，但一旦它們過(guò)分高調(diào)的話(huà)，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)就會(huì)變得強(qiáng)硬起來(lái)。
The alliances have encouraged their members to co-operate on such things as buying cabininteriors, to obtain better prices from suppliers.
這些聯(lián)盟都鼓勵(lì)它們的成員通類(lèi)似于團(tuán)購(gòu)座艙內(nèi)飾等方式來(lái)合作，以便從供應(yīng)商處獲得更便宜的價(jià)格。
But progress is slow: only a handful of Star members are taking part in its project to buyaircraft seats jointly.
但是進(jìn)展卻很緩慢，只有很少量的星空聯(lián)盟的成員參與了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目來(lái)聯(lián)合購(gòu)買(mǎi)飛機(jī)座位。
A consultant to one of the alliances says he has spent two years trying to persuade itsmembers to agree on a joint check-in desk at one airport.
一位來(lái)自其中一個(gè)聯(lián)盟的的咨詢(xún)顧問(wèn)聲稱(chēng)他用了2年的時(shí)間嘗試去說(shuō)服聯(lián)盟成員在機(jī)場(chǎng)建立一個(gè)聯(lián)合登機(jī)手續(xù)辦理窗口。
SkyTeam s boss, Michael Wisbrun,
而天合聯(lián)盟的老板邁克爾?威斯布倫說(shuō)，
says even simple stuff like this saves a lot of money, so he is urging his member airlines tomake it their priority.
類(lèi)似于這些看似簡(jiǎn)單的改變將節(jié)省大筆費(fèi)用; 因此他一直敦促其聯(lián)盟成員優(yōu)先去做這些事情。
As the alliances struggle both to broaden and deepen further, they face being unpicked bytheir customers, as ever more of them build their own flight itineraries using online portals,which can result in big savings.
這些航空聯(lián)盟都在盡力拓寬拓深其業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域，然而他們卻要面臨客戶(hù)流失的問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越多的人通過(guò)在線(xiàn)網(wǎng)站來(lái)安排自己的飛行旅程來(lái)節(jié)省開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。
Oneworld s boss, Bruce Ashby, says the alliances are aimed at offering seamless service tobusiness flyers who care more about convenience than price.
環(huán)宇一家的老板布魯斯.阿什比聲稱(chēng)聯(lián)盟志在為那些視便捷性甚于價(jià)格的商務(wù)人士提供無(wú)縫服務(wù)。
The trouble is, such passengers are also sensitive to the big variations that still existbetween each alliance s member airlines.
不過(guò)麻煩的是，這類(lèi)乘客對(duì)于同一個(gè)聯(lián)盟內(nèi)的不同航空公司的巨大差異非常敏感。
Those used to plush Asian and European business-class cabins are often dismayed when theytransfer to their airline s American alliance partner, where the service is poorerandhorrorsthe seats don t always convert to fully flat beds.
那些習(xí)慣于亞洲和歐洲的豪華商務(wù)艙的人士，當(dāng)他們被轉(zhuǎn)到聯(lián)盟內(nèi)的美國(guó)航班時(shí)總是很失望，因?yàn)檫@些航班服務(wù)很差而且更惱火的的是有時(shí)候座椅居然不能轉(zhuǎn)成躺椅模式。
詞語(yǔ)解釋
1.alliance n.聯(lián)盟;聯(lián)姻
They broke up the alliance.
他們中止了聯(lián)盟。
2.frequent a.頻繁的;經(jīng)常的
My girlfriend writes frequent letters to me.
我的女朋友頻繁地給我寫(xiě)信。
3.lounge n.休息室;候機(jī)室;起居室
We watched television in the hotel lounge.
我們?cè)诼灭^休息室里看電視。
4.carrier n.航空母艦;運(yùn)輸工具
The missile was launched from the aircraft carrier.
導(dǎo)彈是從航空母艦上發(fā)射的。
5.network n.網(wǎng)點(diǎn);網(wǎng)絡(luò)
The fabrics are merchandised through a network of dealers.
通過(guò)經(jīng)銷(xiāo)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)銷(xiāo)售紡織品。
