2023考研英語閱讀拯救燈塔

　　IN 1989 Edward Kennedy tried to stop time. TheUnited States Coast Guard was preparing toautomate and remove all remaining personnelfrom the old lighthouse in Boston Harbour. ButKennedy, a liberal senator from a family withdeep roots in Boston, sponsored a bill requiring theBoston Light to be permanently manned. And so itsoldiered on for nearly another decade,stubbornly holding to the old ways. Built in 1783,it is one of Americas oldest lighthouses . In 1998 time and Senator Kennedy reached a compromise:the light itself was at last automated, but it remains the last one with resident Coast Guardkeepers.

　　愛德華.肯尼迪試圖讓時(shí)間定格1989年。當(dāng)時(shí)，美國(guó)海岸防衛(wèi)隊(duì)正準(zhǔn)備從波士頓港撤走所有留守人員，實(shí)現(xiàn)燈塔全自動(dòng)化。然而與波士頓有著深厚淵源的自由派參議員肯尼迪，提出了一份議案，要求派人長(zhǎng)期駐守?zé)羲?。因此，燈塔由士兵守候了又是近十年光景，這樣燈塔頑強(qiáng)地得以維持其原狀。興建于1783年的波士頓燈塔是美國(guó)最古老的燈塔之一。經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期的爭(zhēng)取，肯尼迪最終于1998年出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)折衷方案：波士頓燈塔最終實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化，而且也是全美唯一一座由海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)駐守的燈塔。

　　The Coast Guard took charge of Americas more than 1,000 lighthouses in 1939, when itabsorbed the United States Lighthouse Service. But it has been slowly letting them go. In2000 the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act allowed the sale or transfer oflighthouses deemed excess to service requirements by the Coast Guard to private entities.Since then the federal government has moved 84 lighthouses of the 600 that were left off itsbooks. Most have been transferred to local governments or non-profits, but 28 have beenauctioned off to private individuals.

　　1939年，美國(guó)燈塔管理局劃歸到海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)。自那以后，海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)管理美國(guó)1000多座燈塔。但漸漸地，美國(guó)海軍看護(hù)的燈塔越來越少。2000年《國(guó)家歷史燈塔保存法案》允許海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)將那些被認(rèn)為是其服務(wù)已不再必要的燈塔出售或轉(zhuǎn)讓給私有個(gè)體。從此，美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府出售轉(zhuǎn)讓了書中記載的僅存的600座燈塔中的84座。大部分燈塔轉(zhuǎn)交給當(dāng)?shù)卣蚍菭I(yíng)利機(jī)構(gòu)，但28座燈塔已被拍賣給個(gè)人。

　　The sad truth is that satellite navigation has made many lighthouses surplus torequirements. Shifting commercial trends have done their damage, too. More than 1,500ships lie wrecked off North Carolinas Outer Banks, but today these islands depend far moreon tourism than on maritime trade.

　　遺憾的是，現(xiàn)在有了衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航技術(shù)，好多燈塔根本就用不上了。貿(mào)易趨勢(shì)的轉(zhuǎn)變也讓燈塔越來越?jīng)]有用武之地。北卡羅來納州外班克斯港有1500多艘觸礁的船只殘骸，然而今天這些島嶼主要依靠旅游業(yè)而不是海上貿(mào)易。

　　Still, some fishermen enjoy navigating by light rather than satellite. Sometimes they forget totake their navigation systems on board. Bett Padgett, who heads the Outer BanksLighthouse Society, which petitioned the federal government for funds to restore BodieIslands once-crumbling lighthouse, warns of solar flares knocking out satellites.

　　然而，有許多漁民仍然喜歡利用燈塔而不是衛(wèi)星來導(dǎo)航，所以有時(shí)候，他們會(huì)忘記帶導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。外班克斯列島燈塔協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)Bett Padgett提醒人們太陽耀斑會(huì)讓衛(wèi)星暫時(shí)失靈。

　　All that is true, but defending lighthouses as a matter of utility surely misses the point.。 Ofcourse, lighthouses draw tourists, who spend money; one informal study estimated thatrestoring the Bodie Island lighthouse, which is scheduled to open to visitors for the first timein April 2023, would add $8.7m in total income to the regional economy.But for Ms Padgett,preserving them is a way to give our children and grandchildren a feel for what happened inthis place a hundred or two hundred years ago. Men built them by hand to stand watch overthe sea. Lighthouses remind people that as mariners battled what Walt Whitman called thewild unrest, the snowy, curling capsthat inbound urge and urge of waves, Seeking theshores forever, someone was watching over them, and wishing them safely home.

　　上面說的沒錯(cuò)，但從實(shí)用性角度為燈塔辯護(hù)，顯然沒有說到關(guān)鍵之處。當(dāng)然，燈塔吸引了大批來此消費(fèi)的游客;一項(xiàng)非官方調(diào)查預(yù)計(jì)修整 Bodie燈塔將為當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)帶來總計(jì)870萬美元的收入，該燈塔預(yù)計(jì)于2023年4月首次向游客開放。但在Padgett女士看來，保存好燈塔是讓我們子孫感受一兩百年來這里變遷的一種方式。人們建造燈塔來讓它們守候大海。燈塔讓人們想到，當(dāng)水手們與沃爾特.惠特曼筆下那永不寧靜的奔騰,那白浪般的滾卷的浪峰----那向陸地急推又急推的浪頭搏斗時(shí)，有人在燈塔上眺望，盼望他們安全歸來。

　　IN 1989 Edward Kennedy tried to stop time. TheUnited States Coast Guard was preparing toautomate and remove all remaining personnelfrom the old lighthouse in Boston Harbour. ButKennedy, a liberal senator from a family withdeep roots in Boston, sponsored a bill requiring theBoston Light to be permanently manned. And so itsoldiered on for nearly another decade,stubbornly holding to the old ways. Built in 1783,it is one of Americas oldest lighthouses . In 1998 time and Senator Kennedy reached a compromise:the light itself was at last automated, but it remains the last one with resident Coast Guardkeepers.

　　愛德華.肯尼迪試圖讓時(shí)間定格1989年。當(dāng)時(shí)，美國(guó)海岸防衛(wèi)隊(duì)正準(zhǔn)備從波士頓港撤走所有留守人員，實(shí)現(xiàn)燈塔全自動(dòng)化。然而與波士頓有著深厚淵源的自由派參議員肯尼迪，提出了一份議案，要求派人長(zhǎng)期駐守?zé)羲Ｒ虼?，燈塔由士兵守候了又是近十年光景，這樣燈塔頑強(qiáng)地得以維持其原狀。興建于1783年的波士頓燈塔是美國(guó)最古老的燈塔之一。經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期的爭(zhēng)取，肯尼迪最終于1998年出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)折衷方案：波士頓燈塔最終實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化，而且也是全美唯一一座由海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)駐守的燈塔。

　　The Coast Guard took charge of Americas more than 1,000 lighthouses in 1939, when itabsorbed the United States Lighthouse Service. But it has been slowly letting them go. In2000 the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act allowed the sale or transfer oflighthouses deemed excess to service requirements by the Coast Guard to private entities.Since then the federal government has moved 84 lighthouses of the 600 that were left off itsbooks. Most have been transferred to local governments or non-profits, but 28 have beenauctioned off to private individuals.

　　1939年，美國(guó)燈塔管理局劃歸到海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)。自那以后，海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)管理美國(guó)1000多座燈塔。但漸漸地，美國(guó)海軍看護(hù)的燈塔越來越少。2000年《國(guó)家歷史燈塔保存法案》允許海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)將那些被認(rèn)為是其服務(wù)已不再必要的燈塔出售或轉(zhuǎn)讓給私有個(gè)體。從此，美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府出售轉(zhuǎn)讓了書中記載的僅存的600座燈塔中的84座。大部分燈塔轉(zhuǎn)交給當(dāng)?shù)卣蚍菭I(yíng)利機(jī)構(gòu)，但28座燈塔已被拍賣給個(gè)人。

　　The sad truth is that satellite navigation has made many lighthouses surplus torequirements. Shifting commercial trends have done their damage, too. More than 1,500ships lie wrecked off North Carolinas Outer Banks, but today these islands depend far moreon tourism than on maritime trade.

　　遺憾的是，現(xiàn)在有了衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航技術(shù)，好多燈塔根本就用不上了。貿(mào)易趨勢(shì)的轉(zhuǎn)變也讓燈塔越來越?jīng)]有用武之地。北卡羅來納州外班克斯港有1500多艘觸礁的船只殘骸，然而今天這些島嶼主要依靠旅游業(yè)而不是海上貿(mào)易。

　　Still, some fishermen enjoy navigating by light rather than satellite. Sometimes they forget totake their navigation systems on board. Bett Padgett, who heads the Outer BanksLighthouse Society, which petitioned the federal government for funds to restore BodieIslands once-crumbling lighthouse, warns of solar flares knocking out satellites.

　　然而，有許多漁民仍然喜歡利用燈塔而不是衛(wèi)星來導(dǎo)航，所以有時(shí)候，他們會(huì)忘記帶導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。外班克斯列島燈塔協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)Bett Padgett提醒人們太陽耀斑會(huì)讓衛(wèi)星暫時(shí)失靈。

　　All that is true, but defending lighthouses as a matter of utility surely misses the point.。 Ofcourse, lighthouses draw tourists, who spend money; one informal study estimated thatrestoring the Bodie Island lighthouse, which is scheduled to open to visitors for the first timein April 2023, would add $8.7m in total income to the regional economy.But for Ms Padgett,preserving them is a way to give our children and grandchildren a feel for what happened inthis place a hundred or two hundred years ago. Men built them by hand to stand watch overthe sea. Lighthouses remind people that as mariners battled what Walt Whitman called thewild unrest, the snowy, curling capsthat inbound urge and urge of waves, Seeking theshores forever, someone was watching over them, and wishing them safely home.

　　上面說的沒錯(cuò)，但從實(shí)用性角度為燈塔辯護(hù)，顯然沒有說到關(guān)鍵之處。當(dāng)然，燈塔吸引了大批來此消費(fèi)的游客;一項(xiàng)非官方調(diào)查預(yù)計(jì)修整 Bodie燈塔將為當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)帶來總計(jì)870萬美元的收入，該燈塔預(yù)計(jì)于2023年4月首次向游客開放。但在Padgett女士看來，保存好燈塔是讓我們子孫感受一兩百年來這里變遷的一種方式。人們建造燈塔來讓它們守候大海。燈塔讓人們想到，當(dāng)水手們與沃爾特.惠特曼筆下那永不寧靜的奔騰,那白浪般的滾卷的浪峰----那向陸地急推又急推的浪頭搏斗時(shí)，有人在燈塔上眺望，盼望他們安全歸來。